US1997819A - Power transmitting mechanism - Google Patents

Description

A zrifi 1, W35 B. FREUND 9 1 POWER TRANSMITTING MECHANISM Original Filed Aug. 10, 1929 Patented Apr. 16, 1 935 PATENT OFFICE POWER TRANSMITTING MECHANISM Berthold .Freund, Berlin-Schoneberg, Germany, assignor .to Internationale Tobis Maatschappij N; V., Amsterdam, Netherlands Original application August 1 0, 1929, Serial No. 385,000. Divided and this application December 8, 1931, Serial No. 579,756. In Germany August 20, 1928 7 Claims. (01. 271- 23) My invention relates to power-transmitting mechanisms.

It is anobject of my invention to so design a mechanism of this type that it will translate un- 5 equal rotation of a driving member into substantially uniform rotation of a driven member.

To this end, in combination with a driving member which is rotatable at unequal velocity, such as a manually operated crank for driving a sound and/or picture recording apparatus, I provide an. energy accumulator, such as a spiral springwhich is connected to the driving member at one end and to a driven member at the other end, a centrifugal governor for equalizing the velocity of the driven member, and means adapted to be controlled by the spiral spring or other energy accumulator, for regulating thecen'trifugal governor. I Y

Forinstance, if the energy accumulator is a spiral. spring, the regulating means maybe designedas follows: A pair of arms engages opposite sides of the spiralspring under resilient ressure and are operatively connected to a check for restraining the centrifugal weights of the governor. As the intermediate the points where it is engaged by. the: arms varies with the load which is brought'to'bear on the spring bythe' rotatable member,v the check is displaced in conformity with the variation of the diameter and regulates the centrifugal governor by restraining its weights.

.In more general terms, it may be said that a dimension of the energy accumulator is Varied by the varying load on the energy accumulator, and

that the means for regulating the centrifugal governor is controlled in conformity with the variation of such dimension.

The lack of uniformity'in the rotation of the driving member i s made up for by the accumulator so that the driven memberrotates at uniform, or' substantially uniform, velocity under the control of its centrifugal governor.

My invention is particularly suitable for apparatus operated by human power for making sound and picture records, as described in my pending application for patent of the United States; Ser. No. 385,000, filed Aug. 10, 1929, for "Method of and apparatus for making sound records in which the apparatus are'operated by theusual cranks. This application is a division ofthe above application, Serial No. 385,000, which has matured into Patent No. 1,974,709, September 25, 1934.

Uniform, or substantially uniform, rotation of diameter of the spiral spring the shaft I52.

the driven member cannot be obtained by the existing power accumulators or buffers in the shape offiy Wheels, springs and the like, as these merely absorb shocks and vibration but do not influence the speed of the driven member; nor by centrifugal governors which limit the speed Without maintaining it uniform. I

My invention possesses'a wide range of usefulness in that it can be adapted to any power transmission in which variations in the driving torque and/or speed must be equalized.

In the accompanying drawing, several mechanisms embodying my invention are illustrated more or less diagrammatically by way of example; I

In the drawing 1 Fig. 1 is a diagram of an apparatus in which the energy accumulator is a spiral spring and the centrifugal governor is regulated in conformity with the variation of the spring diameter,

. Fig. 2 is a partly sectional elevation of a mechanism in which the reaction, and. not the size, of a spiral spring is utilized for regulating the governor, I

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a mechanism in which the diiferenceof the speeds of the driving member and the f energy accumulator are employed for regulating the governor,

Fig.4 shows an optical, and- Fig; a combined optical and acoustic indicator for the apparatus in Fig. 3.

Referring now to the drawing, and first to,

Fig; '1', I40is a crank on a shaft, I39 is a pawl in combination with a ratchet wheel for preventing rotation of the crank shaft in the wrong direction, I43 is aspur gear which is free to turn with respect to theshaft, and MI is a spiral spring or energy accumulator which is secured to the crank shaft at one end and to the spur gear I 43 at its other end I42. I 44 is a pinion in mesh with the spur gear: I 42. I50 and I45v are bevel gearings'in combination with a vertical shaftjI5-I and a horizontal shaft I52, and I48 is mechanism operatively connected to the shaft I52 for feeding a sound record I49. As mentioned, I 'am not'limited to the particular case of records but may operate any member from I s 7 I46 is a bevel gearing on the shaft I52 and on theshaft of a centrifugal governor I41, and IGS 'is' a hollow check surrounding the governor for limiting the radial movement of its fly weights. The check IE0 is attached to the'lowerend of a rod the upper end of which is pivoted to two lin'ks I58 and I59 at I51. The'upper ends of the links are pivoted'to a pair of double-armed levers I53 and I62 at I55 and I56, respectively, which are pivoted at I6I and with their free ends engage the energy-accumulator spring I4I. I54 is a spring which holds the free ends engaged with the energyaccumulator spring.

As the load on the spring MI is varied by the varying torque exerted on it the arms of the levers I53, I92 are moved more or less apart and the check I69 is raised or lowered. By these means the speed of the driven shaft I52 is maintained constant independently of the torque and the tension it exerts on the spring MI. The inner face of the check I 69 must obviously be shaped in conformity with the desiredregulation.

Fly wheels or any other appliances for maintaining constant the speed of a shaft, might be provided instead of the means described.

Any other energy-accumulating means than the spring IfiI may be provided, for instance, pneumatic means, weights, etc., and other means than a centrifugal governor might be connected to the shaft I52.

Referring now to Fig. 2, this shows a mechanism in which the reaction of the energy accumulator, here shown as a spiral spring HI, and not its diameter, is utilized for influencing the position of the check I60 with respect to governor I41. I88 is a shaft to the rear end of which the inner end of the spring I1I is attachedwhlle its outer end is attached to a pin I90 on a spur gear I9I.' The spur gear meshes with a pinion I92 on the shaft of the governor I41. I63 is a spur gear on the governor shaft which meshes with a pinion I93 on the shaft I52.

I85 is a spur gear fixed on the outer end of a shaft I64 on which is fixed a threaded spindle IBI, I10is a'crank on the spur gear, I86 is a pawl for preventing rotation of the spur gear in'the wrong direction and I13 is a rearward extension of the crank, with a fork I14 at its free end. Seated on the spindle I8I and engaging in its thread is a hollow boss I82 from which extends a lever I18 in the shape of the letter L, and to the rear end of which the spring shaft I80 is attached. I15 is a radial arm on a ring which is mounted to turn on the boss I82 and is engaged by the fork I14, I12 is a spring connecting the end I16 of the arm to the end of lever I18, and I11 is a gear on the boss I82, with a pawl I19.

The arm I15 is deflected from its radialposition more or less in conformity with the tension of the spring I1I under the varying torque, and the spring I12 is stretched in proportion. The

arm I18 is under the reaction of spring HI, and

the relative angular displacement of the arms I18 and H5 which is translated into relative rotation of the spindle I8I and the boss I82, causes the spindle ISI to shift axially which movement is translated into axial displacement of check I60 by a rod I83 on a slide I84. This rod with its upper end engages in a groove of the spindle I8I and its slide I84 is, by a cable on a sheave I65, connected to a slide I66 to which the check I60 is secured, and a pull-back spring I54 is attached to the rear end of the slide I65.

Referring now to Fig. 3, 200 is the shaft of a crank I95, I91 is a pinion on the shaft, and I61 it a ratchet wheel at the rear end of the shaft the pawl I39 of which is fulcrumed on a. spring casing I96. The casing contains an energy'accumulator such as the spiral spring I1I, Fig. 2, whose outer end is secured to the inside of the spring casing, and whose inner end is secured to a pinion 205. The pinion is free to rotate about the shaft of the spring casing I96, except for the connection of the two members by the spring in the casing. The pawl I39, like the same pawl in Fig. 1, prevents rotation in the wrong direction, as'the spring casing is entrained only if the shaft 200 is turned against the pawl. 209 is-a shaft on which are mounted the two planet wheels I99, 208 meshing with a sun wheel 2I0, and I98 is a spur gear on shaft 209 which meshes with pinion I91. 201 is another spur gear on the shaft 209 and 206 is an intermediate pinion, meshing with the pinion 205 which, as mentioned, is free to rotate on the shaft of the spring casing I96. The spur gears I98 and 201 are rigidly, connected to the adjacent planet gears I99 and 208. The planet wheels, consequently, are rotated in opposite directions by the crank I95 and the spring casing I96, at equal ratio. The sun wheel 2I0 is free to turn about the shaft 209 and its shaft 2I I is connected to a bracket 2I2 which is mounted to rock about shaft 209 and at its upper-end has a fork I61 by which it engages a bell-crank 2I5, 2I6, 2I1 for shifting the check I60. Rotation is imparted to the shaft I52 through gearing .202, 203 from a spur gear rim on the spring casing I96.

2I3 is an indicator at the lower end of bracket 2I2 opposite the fork I61, and 2I4, Fig. 4, is a dial on which the position of bracket 2I2 is indicated. The central mark I69 on the scale corresponds to the medium tension of the spring in the casing I96, and I68, I10 are points corresponding to the maximum and minimum tension of the spring. The load may vary between these limits without interfering with the uniformity of rotational speed at I48; N

Referring to Fig. 5, the marks I68 and I10 are replaced by checks 2 I8 and 2| 9, each with a pullback spring, and hammers 222 and 223, respectively, for-striking bells 220 and'22I. Instead of checks and bells, electric contacts and lamps may 7 be provided for signalling. Obviously, acoustic signals may also be operated electrically if required.

The mechanism for moving records such as sound and picture films which has been generally indicated at I48, may bemodified in various ways and combined with any desired clutching or entraining means.

I claim: 7 M

l. A power transmitting mechanism comprising a driving and a driven member, an energy accumulator, speed-equalizing means connected to said members, and means for indicating the reaction of said accumulator.

2. In a power transmitting mechanism, a driv ing member rotatable at unequal velocity, a driven member, an energy accumulator connected to said driving and to said driven member, a. centrifugal governor connected to said driven member for equalizing its velocity, and means adapted to be controlled by said energy accumulator for regulating said governor.

3. In a power transmittingmechanism, a driving member rotatable at unequal velocity, a driven member, a spring connected to said driven member at one end and to said driving member at the other end, as an energy accumulator, a centrifugal governor for equalizing the velocity of said driven member,-and means controlled by the reaction of said spring for regulating said governor. I

4. In a power transmitting mechanism, a' driving member rotatable at unequal yelocity,a driven operatively connected to said member, a spring connected to said driving member at one end and to said driven member at the other end, as an energy accumulator, a centrifugal governor for equalizing the velocity of said driven member, means adapted to be displaced by said driving member in conformity with the reaction of said spring, a threaded spindle adapted to be shifted by such displacement, and means spindle for regulating said centrifugal governor.

5. In a power transmitting mechanism, a driving member rotatable at unequal velocity, a driven member, a spiral spring connected to said driving member at one end and to said driven member at the other end, as an energy accumulator, a centrifugal governor for equalizing the velocity of said driven member, and means operaltively connected to said spring so as to be controlled by the variations in its outside diameter for regulating said centrifugal governor.

6. In a power transmitting mechanism, a driving member rotatable at unequal velocity, a driven member, a spiral spring connected to said driving member at one end and to said driven member at the other end, as an energy accumulator, a centrifugal governor for equalizing the velocity of said driven member, a pair of arms adapted to engage opposite sides of said spring, resilient means for applying said arms to'said spring, and means operatively connected to said arms for regulating said centrifugal governor.

7. In a power transmitting mechanism, a driving member rotatable at unequal velocity, a driven member, an energy accumulator connected to said driving and to said driven member in such manner that a dimension of said accumulator is varied by the varying driving power transmitted to said accumulator from said driving member, a centrifugal governor connected to said driven member for equalizing its velocity, and means operatively connected to said accumulator so as to be controlled thereby in conformity with the variation of said dimension, said last-mentioned means controlling said centrifugal governor.

BERTI-IOLD

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