US1994529A

US1994529A - Engine

Info

Publication number: US1994529A
Application number: US613971A
Authority: US
Inventors: Andre J Meyer
Original assignee: Continental Motors Corp
Current assignee: Continental Motors Corp
Priority date: 1932-05-27
Filing date: 1932-05-27
Publication date: 1935-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 1952-03-19

Description

A. J. MEYER March '19, 1935.

ENGINE Filed May 27, 1932 I 5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

ENGINE Filed May 27, 1932 s sheets-s eet 2 ATTORNEY.

March 19, 1935.

A. J. MEYER 1,994,529

,ENGINE Filed May 27, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES ENGINE 'Andre J. Meyer, Detroit, Mich, assignor to Continental Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich-, a corporation of Virginia Application May 27, 1932, Serial No. 613,971

14 Claims.

This invention relates to improved methods and machines for generating, cutting, or grinding a spherical portion or ball portion.

One important adaptation and use of my invention is in connection with grinding or cutting the ball portions of a valveshaft. of the wobble crank type for a sleeve valve engine illustrated in the copending application, Ser No. 492,503 filed October 31, 1930 by James 0. Fink and assigned to the assignee company herein. It should be understood however, that my invention is not limited to valveshafts as my improvements, are adapted for generating or cutting ball portions on work of various kinds and for various uses.

It is an object of my invention to provide improved methods and means forcutting or grinding ball portions with greatly increased accuracy and in a simplified and less costly manner.

Heretofore and especially. where a high degree of finish and accuracy is desirable for metallic ball portions as in the instance of a valveshaft ball portion, the ball portions have been finish ground by a cutting or grinding wheel peripherally concaved to conform with the de-- sired spherical surface of the ball portion. Such a method requires repeated dressing of the cutting wheel and is relatively inaccurate as compared with my method by which I have cut ball portions accurate within a hundred thousandth of an inch. By reason of my invention I am further enabled to obtain a much better finish for the ball portions than has been possible with methods and machines employed heretofore.

One phase of my invention resides in turning the work 011 an axis containing the longitudinal axis of the ball portion, and in one embodiment of my invention the axis of the ball portion may be moved about the axis of the work eccentric to the axis of the ball portion, but in the latter instance the cutter is preferably moved with the same eccentricity whereby to follow the path of the ball portion. Therefore, I desire it understood that my reference in the specification an claims to turning the ball portion about its longitudinal axis, or similar expressions, means relative to the cutter. Therefore, considering the relative arrangement of cutter and work, the work is rotated about the longitudinal axis of the ball portion and for a grinding operation illustrated as the cutting step in my drawings, the cutter is rotated about an axis which approximately intersects the axis of rotation of the ball portion. For exact grinding, the tool and ball portion axes should exactly intersect and I provide a simple method for readily determining such condition, although it will be understood that minor deviations from the exact intersecting relationship may not be required in oertain classes of work where small errors are not important.

I preferably form the cutter, for a grinding operation by way of example, in the nature of a cylindrical wheel, the cutter presenting an annular cutting face. Since the cutter is rotated, the cutting edge contour is not important to a successful embodiment of my invention. I prefer to provide a simply formed cutter of cylindrical form wherein the inside diameter is less than the diameter of the ball portion across the ball faces and wherein the outside diameter is greater than the projected axial length of the fall face portions, being the distance across the ball flats where suchflats are provided. Within limitations it is possible to incline the cutter axis of rotation out of the preferred relation with the axis of the ballportion, keeping these axes intersecting or in the same plane.

As a further embodiment of my invention I have provided a device or machine utilizing the foregoing methods for simultaneously cutting or grinding a plurality of ball portions spaced along the work. The work may take the form of a wobble valve shaft as illustrated, wherein the ball portions are relatively angularly spaced. In my machine cutters are arranged for each ball portion, the cutters being moved in timed relation with the rotation of the work and following the movement of the respective ball portions. In its broader aspects, so far as I am aware, my machine is broadly novel as to any means for simultaneously cutting a plurality of ball portions relatively angularly and longitudinally spaced.

My invention has an application to various types and forms of work for various purposes. Thus, I have illustrated the cutting of a ball portion on a valve, the ball portion facilitating the accurate valve seating.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent as this specification progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of device for cutting a single ball portion turning on its longitudinal axis,

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the cutter and ball portion illustrating the method of locating the axis of the cutter,

Fig. 7 is ardiagrammatic View illustrating the driving belt for the various cutters of the Fig. 5 machine,

. ting face 22.

Fig. 8 is an end elevation view of the Fig. 5 machine showing the timed drive for the groups of cutters, and

Fig. 9 is a view corresponding to Fig.6 illustrating a modified form of cutter drive.

In the drawings and referring first to Figs. 1 to 3, the work or ball portion A is mounted on mandrel 10 driven by dog 11 from the headstock 12 of lathe B. The tailstock 13 cooperates to center the work for rotation on centers14, 15 whereby the ball portion A is turned about its longitudinal axis lying, in this instance, along

centers

14, 15.

A tool carriage C is movable by handle 16 and screw 17 to feed the carriage C in guides 18 toward work 'A. The carriage C is provided with a spindie 19 rotated at high speed, for grinding operations, by a belt 20 acting on spindle pulley 21.

On the spindle 19 is mounted a cutter D, which, for grinding purposes illustrated, is formed of the usual abrasive material and is preferably cylindrical in shape so as to present an annular cut- The inside diameter 23 of this cutting face is preferably less than the diameter of the ball portion across the ball faces (see Fig. 3) and the outside diameter 24 is greater than the projected axial length of the ball face portions, being the distance 25 across the ball flats 26 (see Fig. 2).

The spindle 19 is adjusted vertically to set the spindle and cutter axis :r-a: for intersection with the axis 11-1! of the work, the operator noting such relation when the grinding marks 2'1 appear to cross each other arcuately as illustrated in Fig. 2. It will be understood that the cutter is rotated at high speed and the work at very low speed. The handle 16 is operated to feed the cutter D toward the work until the desired di- 'ameter of ball portion is reached. The ball portion is preferably first rough machined although receives its drive from pulley 60 and driving belt my method and machine may be employed if dried to fashion the ball portion from rough s c In Fig. 4 the valve 28 is turned on its axis to fashion ball portion 29 by reason of cutter D as before. The dotted line 29' representsthe stock which may be cut away after the grinding operation to form valve 23 although if desired the valve may be turned in the form illustrated. Here again the axes of. the valve and cutter are intersecting.

Referring to Figs. 5 to 8, I have embodied my methods in connection with a machine for simultaneously grinding the ball portions A' of a wobble crank E for an eight cylinder engine by way of example, the ball portions being relatively et 43 and chain-44.

a'ngularly spaced about the longitudinal axis Z-Z of the wobble shaft. Thework is turned on centers 30, 31 provided by headstock 32 and tailstock 33 of the machine F. This machine is provided with a plurality of similar cutters D, constructed as described in connection with Figs. 1 to 3, and cutter carriers or carriages G. Each carrier G is movably supported on inner and ,

outer cranks

34, 35 respectively carried by discs 36, 3'7 which in turn are respectively mounted for rotation in unison on inner and

outer shafts

38, 39. One of these shafts 38 may be a follower and the other the driver by a set of gears 40, 41 at one end of the machines The driving gear 40 is carried on a drive shaft 42 driven by sprock- The eccentricity of cranks 341 3515. the same as the eccentricity of the longitudinal axes 11-41 of rotation of valveshaft E. There is a carrier G and cutter D associated with each ballportion A and the carriers and their actuating

cranks

34, 35 are relatively angularly advanced just the same as the various ball portions A are relatively angularly advanced. To provide room for the carriages G, successive carriages longitudinally of the machine are located alternately on for permitting the belt to drivingly accommodate the movement of the pulleys 45. A spring 49 maintains the desired tension for idler 47. Each belt 46 is driven by a pulley 50 receiving power from an associated belt 51 and pulley 52. As the carriages G move with combined vertical and horizontal movements, the belts 46 will slip sufficiently along the wide faces of pulleys 45 to continuously drive the cutters D at high speed.

Each longitudinal group of carriages G is preferably mounted on a carrier H, the two carriers (see Fig. 6) being movable during the cutting operation toward or from each other by reason of the handle 53 and the right and

left hand threads

54, 55 of shaft 56, the threads engaging a threaded brackets 57, 58 respectively carried by the carriers H. In this manner the cutters may be simultaneously advanced during cutting to the desired extent. f

Referring to Fig. '8, the chain 44 is driven by a sprocket 59 rotating with dog 11' and valveshaft E whereby the work and carriages G are all driven in'timed relation. The sprocket 59 61." An idler under tension of spring 66 permits the chain 44 to yield sumciently for carriers H to move as aforesaid, shafts 42 being. movable with these carriers. 7

Referring to Fig. 9, the carriages G are driven asin Fig. 6 whereby the cutters D follow the ball portions A. However, in Fig.9 each cutter has its spindle 19 driven by a motor movable with each carriage, such as the electric motor J. :Thus each motor drives a pulley 62 and belt 63 engaging driven pulley 64 of spindle 19, such arrange- I ment doing away with the broad faced pulleys 45, belt-46, and idler 47 of Figs. 6 and '7. Any suitable type of motor J may be employed such, as an air turbine or other type instead of an electrie motor as illustrated. The provision of an I individual motor for each carriage simplifies the machine somewhat.

Various modifications and changes will be 3P7 parent within the teachings of my invention and I do not limit my claims to the particular construction and arrangement of parts as illustrated .and described.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a device for cutting a ball portion of the character described, means for turning the ball portion on centers with the longitudinal axis of the ball portion rotating about said centers and at all .times extendingsubstantially. parallel with .an axis containing said centers, a tool for cutting said ball portion, and means for ,moving said tool in successive substantially parallel positions whereby the tool is caused to follow the path of the ball portion during cutting thereof;

15 of ball portions A withrespectto the axis z-z 2.- In a device for cuttin a ball portion or the means for rotating said tool during said, movement.

3. In a device for cutting a ballportion of the character described, means for turning the ball portion on centers with the longitudinal axis of the ball portion rotating about said centers and at all times'substantially parallel with an axis containing said centers, a tool for cutting said ball portion, means for moving said tool in successive substantially parallel positions whereby the tool is caused to follow the path of the ball portion during cutting thereof, and means for rotating said tool about an axis approximately intersecting the longitudinal axis of the ball portion. 4

,4. In a machine for simultaneously cutting ball portions on a shaft, the ball portions having their longitudinal axes spaced from the axis of the shaft, means for rotating said shaft on an axis eccentric with the longitudinal axes of said ball portions, a tool in engagement with the respective ball portions, and means for moving said tools to maintain their axes in successive parallel positions whereby the tools follow the respective paths of the ball'portions engaged therewith.

5. In a machine for simultaneously cutting ball portions on a shaft, the ball portions having their longitudinal axes spaced from the axis of the shaft, means for rotating said shaft on an axis eccentric with the longitudinal axes of said ball portions, a tool in engagement with the rel:

spective ball portions, means for moving said tools to maintain their axes in successive parallel positions whereby the tools follow the respective paths of the ball portions engaged therewith,

and means for rotating said tools.

6. In a machine for simultaneously cutting.

' ball portions on a shaft, the ball portions having.

their longitudinal axes spaced from the.,a'xis of the shaft, means for rotating said shaft on an axis eccentric with the longitudinal axes of said ball portions, a tool in engagement with the respective ball portions, means for moving said tools whereby the tools' follow the respective paths of the ball portions engaged-therewith,

eccentric with the longitudinal axes of said ball portions, a tool in engagement with therespective ball portions,means for moving said tools whereby the tools follow the respective paths of the ball portions engaged therewith, and means for driving said tools and said shaft in timed relation. l l

8. In a device for cutting a ball'portion of the character described, means for turning the ball portion on centers with the longitudinal axis of the ball portion rotating about said centers, 9. tool for cutting said ball portion, and means for driving, said tool and said ball portion in timed relation whereby to cause the tool to follow the ball portion. 9. In a device for cutting a ball portion of the character described, means for turning the ball ball portion whereby to cause the tool to followthe path of movement of the ball portion.

10. In a device for cutting a ball portion of the character described, means for turning the ball portion on centers with the longitudinal axis of the ball portion rotating about said centers, a tool for cutting said ball portion, means for driving said tool and said ball portion in timed relation whereby to cause the tool to follow the ball portion, and means for' turning said tool on its axis during said tool movement.

11. In a device for cutting a, ball portion of the character described, means for turning the ball portion on centers with the longitudinal axis of the ball portion rotating about said centers, 8. tool for cutting said ball portion, means for driving said tool and said ball portion in timed relation whereby to cause the tool to follow the'ball portion, and means for turning saidtool onits axis during said tool movement, said tool being moved so that the axis of said .tool turning 00- cu'pies successive parallel positions. I

12. In a machine for simultaneously cutting a plurality of pairs of ball portions carried by a shaft of the wobble crank'type, means for turnsaid shaft on its axis whereby to rotate the axes of said ball portions about said shaft axis,

cuttercarriers respectively associated with said ball portions, means for supporting successive carriers alternately on opposite sides of said shaft, cutters respectively associated 'withsaid carriers, and means causing said cutters to fol-.

low the movement of the respective ball portions.

- ball portions, means for supporting successive .carriers alternately on opposite sides of said ,shaft cutters respectively associated with said carriers, and means for driving said carriers in timed relation with said shaft. turning means whereby to cause said cutters to follow the movement of the respective'ball portions.

i 14. In a machine for simultaneously cutting 'aplurality of pairs of ball portions carried by a shaft of the wobble crank type, means for turning said shaft on its axis whereby to rotate the axes'of said ball portions about said shaft axis, ,cutter' carriers respectively associated with said ball portions, means for supporting successive carriers alternately on opposite sides of saidshaft, cutters respectively associated with said carriers, means for driving said carriers in timed relation with said shaft turning means whereby to cause said cutters to follow the mov'ementof the respective ball portions, and means for guid- ANDRE J.