US1992348A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 26, 1935. BELDEN 1,992,348

COMPRESSOR Original Filed July 18, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet .l

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Feb. 26, 1935. E. BELDEN 1,992,348

COMPRESSOR Original Filed July 18, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mull";

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Patented Feb. 26, 1935 com'mtssonv Edward H. Belden, nee-tic, men-'- Application July 18, 1932. Serial No. 623,175 Renewed June 27, 1934 rowing. (o1. zaof-ias) This invention relates to compressors and particularly 'to compressors of the type used in domestic refrigerator systems and the like. Its

principal objects are to minimize friction and wear, prevent vibration and noise, provide for the use of a high-speed motor, provide adequately for lubrication, simplify the form and reduce the number, weight and cost of parts, facilitate their assembly, and obtain other advantages hereinafter appearing. The invention consists in the parts and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts wherever theyoccur,

Fig. 1 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2 with the compressor shown in plan,

Fig. 2 is. a vertical sectional view on the line of Fig. i, with the unloader shown in eleva- 'l01l, c

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the compressor on the line 33 of Fig; 2, that is, with the top removed,

Fig. 4 is a similar view with the compressor casing and impeller shifted one hundred eighty degrees from their position in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is. a fragmentary view of the peripheral portion of the compressor on the vertical radial plane extending through the driving vane,

Fig. G is a similar view with the section extending through the delivery opening,

Fig. *l is a detail view of the compressor eccentric and the shank integral therewith; and

Fig. 8 is a detail view of the stub spindle on which the armature sleeve is journaled.

The present construction comprises an electric motor disposed with its axis vertical, 9. compressor mounted directly on the armature thereof and an air-tight housing encasing said mo tor and said compressor.

The housing comprises a base member 1 adapted to constitute a receptacle for oil and provided with an upwardly Op ning annular groove 2, preferably of L-section, in which engages the lower fianged edge of the upper memher 3 of the housing. After said upper and lower members are engaged, the groove is filled with solder or the like to make an air-tight joint.

At its center the base member is raised into the form of a hollow cylindrical boss 4. In this boss is rigidly mounted a. vertical stub spindle 5 with its bore slightly eccentric. In this spindle is rotatably mounted the sleeve 6 of the armature 7 of the electric motor. The lower end of said armature sleeve rests upon an antifriction washer 8 which in turn rests on top of the boss of the base member of the housing, the I bottom of said armature sleeve being widened this arrangement, the weight oi the armature, together with the weight of the compressor, is

carried directly by said boss.

The side wall of the base member 1 of the housing is offset inwardlyand extended upwardly beyond the joint with the-upper member of the housing. The lower portion of this in- .wardly oifset portion of the base member is formed with an annular shoulder or seat 9 on which is fixed the field portion ii) of the motor -.with its cylindrical wall resting against the cy-..

. 5 or'flanged to increase its b surface. By

curing the compremor to the armature, said screws being long enough to engage threaded holes provided therefor in the top ring it of the armature near the outer margin thereof.

The impeller 11 of the compressor is a cylinder or disk-like member with a large centralbore, which fits freely over a narrow cylindrical ring 17 which in turn fits freely over a cylindrical member 18 which is eccentric with respect to the armature and is hereinafter referred to as an eccentric spindle. This eccentric spindle 13 has a downwardly extending cylindrical shank 19 which is eccentric with respect to said eccentric spindle and has a sliding fit in the slightly eccentric bore, of the stub spindle. The lower end of the shank of the eccentric spindle rests on a helical spring 20 whose lower end bears against a washer 21 which in turn rests on a cross-pin 22 provided therefor on the stub spindle. By this arrangement, the eccentric spindle is continuously pressed spindle and extends into one or another of a series of holes or notches 38 in the top edge of said stub spindle, thus affording a convenient means for radially adjusting the impeller relatively to the casing.

The peripheral wall of the compressor casing has a parallel-sided rib or vane 24 extending radially inwardly; and the impeller has a radial slot 25 in its edge adapted to receive said vane. In order to permit the vane to have a-swinging movement across the central radial line of the impeller slot, the sides of the impeller are formed with cylindrical grooves or seats in which are mounted semicylindrical guide members 26 with flat outer faces which have a sliding fit with the vane. By this arrangement, the compressor casing, which is secured to and turns with the motor armature, drives the impeller directly. As indicated in Fig. l, the top of the compressor is' provided with two ports or. passageways 2'7, 28 close tobut on opposite sides of the radial vane. One of said passageways opens through the top of said compressor and constitutes the delivery port 27. The other port, which constitutes the inlet port 28, opens from the compression chamher into a radially extending passageway 29 in the top or cover plate of the compressor and this passageway has an axial port in the underside of said cover plate in register with a central vertical bore 30 in the eccentric spindle and its shank, which bore, in turn, communicates with the hollow interior of the stub spindle, which, in turn, communicates with the low pressure side of the circulation system (not shown). The bore of the lower portion of the stub spindle is of smaller diameter than the upper portion and is provided with a washer 31 adapted to constitute a seat for the ball 32 of a check valve. The upper portion of the housing is provided with a suitable connection 33 with the high pressure side of the circulation system.

The operation of the compressor is as follows: When the motor is running, its armature carries with it the casing of the compressor, which, in turn, carries the impeller with it due to their mechanical vane-and sl'ot' connection. On account of-the impeller being of smaller diameter than the compressor casing and their being virtually in con tact at one point only, there is a. crescent-shaped space between them, which is divided into two chambers by the radial vane, one of said chambers being open to the inlet port andthe other to the outlet port, and the volume of said chambers changing continuously. Under these conditions, there is suction on one side of the vane and compression on the other. The airfrom the'low pressure side of the system enters through the check valve in the bore of the stubspindle, thence through the bore'of the eccentric spindle. and

- thence through the cover plate of the compressor and the inlet port into the compressor chamber. Whenthe parts rotate, the volume of this chamber decreases continuously until said chamber is brought into communication with the outlet or delivery port'through which the contents of the compression chamber are discharged into the housing. With the continued movement of the.

parts, the chamber which has just discharged again establishes communication with the inlet- "-port and repeats the cycle just described.

peller and the compressor casing. In ordinary practice, it is intended that there should not be actual physical contact between the impeller and the compressor casing, but that they should be.

very close to each other and sealed with oil. During this operation, all moving parts are exposed to the pressure of the air or fluid inside the housin 7 a In order to provide adequate lubrication of the moving parts, the central boss of the base member is provided with a passageway 34 which opens housing tends to raise oil from the oil receptacle in the base member to the helical groove in the stub spindle from which it is distributed to the to the top of said stub spindle, thereby lubricating both the bore and lower end of the armature sleeve; Enough oil crosses the top of the fixed stub spindle into the bore thereof to provide lubrication for the spring-pressed eccentric spindle. Also oil passes from the top of said fixedstub thrust bearing below the armature sleeve and also spindle into the spaces on both the inner and outer sides of the floating ring; and some oil passes upwardly beyond said ring to lubricate the meeting surfaces of the top member of the casing and the impeller and floating ring and between the top member of the casing and the top of the eccentric spindle. In like manner, some oil extends outwardly between the bottom of the'casing and the floating ring and impeller therein. Enough oil gets into the compression chamber to form an oil seal between the peripheral walls of the impeller and of the casing. Any excess oil in the compression chamber will be forced out through the outlet or delivery opening into the housing, where it is separated and collected by any suitable means. As illustrated in the drawings, a hole is formed through the wall of the base member of the housing at apoint inside of the upper member of the housing and low enough to drain oil from the upper portion into the 'base portion of the housing.

The construction hereinbefore described has numerous merits and advantages. All its parts are directly mounted in the base member of the housing and it is very easy to mount the motor field parts, the motor armature and the motor compressor concentric with one another. Both the stub spindle and the eccentric spindle are very simple and easy to make; and the same is true-of all the-parts of the compressor. The weight of the armature, together withthe weight of the compressor, rests directly upon the thrust bearing at the top of the central boss of the base member of the housing, thus relieving the stub spindle of allsuch weight. The top of the eccentric spindle is held against the underside of, the cover member of the casing by a spring which is free to yield if occasion-requires; and as there is pressure on all sides of the compressor from the outside inwardly, lubrication is assured and leakage prevented. Thus, the construction is very simple and compact, substantially free from wear and excellently adapted to use with a light, highspeed motor.

What Iclaim is:

1. A compressor construction comprising a bowl-shaped base having a central tubular boss, a vertical stub spindle fixed in said boss, 2;, motor housing having an armature which has a sleeve resting on said boss and journaled on said spindle and a compressor having a casing which is free from said sleeve and whose peripheral portion is fixed to and supported by the peripheral portion of said armature, said casing comprising a cylindrical ring and disk-like top and bottom members secured together by screws which also socure said casing to the armature.

2. A compressor construction comprising a bowl-shaped base having an annular seat of angular section and a central tubular boss, a vertical stub spindle fixed in said boss, a motor having its field portion fixed in said seat with its outer wall resting against the cylindrical portion of said seat and its armature provided with a sleeve resting on said boss and journaled on said spindle and a compressor having a casing which is free from said sleeve and whose peripheral portion is fixed to and supported by the peripheral portion of said armature.

3. The combination of an electric motor with its axis vertical, a, compressor secured to the armature thereof, and a housing therefor, said housing comprising a base member and an upper member, said base member having an annular seat for the field parts of the motor and a central hollow boss on which the armature sleeve rests, a vertical hollow stub spindle fixed in the bore of said boss, and a, non-rotary spring-supported shank in the bore of said spindle having an eccentric cylindrical head which presses upwardly against the top of the compressor casing, said compressor comprising a cylindrical casing and a cylindrical impeller movable therewith and rotatably mounted on said head.

c. The combination of an electric motor with its axis vertical, a compressor secured to the armature thereof, and a housing therefor, said housingcomprising a base member and an upper member, said base member having an annular seat for the field parts of the motor and a central hollow boss on which the armature sleeve rests, a vertical hollow stub spindle fixed in the bore of said boss, and a non-rotor, spring-supported sho 2 in the bore of said spindle having an eccentric cylindrical head, said compressor comprising cylindrical casing with a continuous dish li re top and a cylindrical impeller movable with said casing and rotatably mounted on said head-said stub spindle having an oil groove in its outer surface communicating with a passage way which opens into the lower portion or said base member, said shenls bearing upwardly against the top of said casing.

5. The combination of an electric motor, whose axis is vertical, a compressor secured to the armature thereof, 'and an air-tight housing therefor comprising a base member and an upper memher, said base member having an annular seat for the fleld parts of the motor and a central hollow boss on which the armature sleeve rests, a vertical hollow stub spindle fixed in the bore of said boss, and a spring-supported shank in the bore of said spindle having an eccentric circular head, said compressor comprising a cylindrical casing with a continuous disk-like top having inlet and outlet ports and a cylindrical impeller in said casing of smaller diameter mounted on said eccentric head and movablewith said casing, said shank bearing upwardly against the top of said casing.

6. The combination of an electric motor with its axis vertical, a compressor secured to the armature thereof, and a housing therefor, said housing comprising a base member and an upper member, said base member having an annular seat for the field parts of the motor and a central hollow boss on which the armature sleeve rests, a

vertical hollow stub spindle fired in the bore of said boss and having its own bore slightly eccentric, a spring-supported shank in the bore of said spindle bearing upwardly against the top of the compresson means whereby said shank may be set and held in diiferent positions of angular adjustment, said shank having an eccentric cylin drical head, said compressor comprising a cylinture thereof, and an air-tight housing therefor comprising a base member and an upper member, said base member having an annular seat for the field parts of the motor and a central hollow boss on which the armature sleeve rests, a vertical hollow stub spindle fixed in the bore of said boss and having its own bore slightly eccentric, a spring-supported shank in the bore of said spindle bearing upwardly against the top of the compressor, means whereby said shank may be set and held in different positions of angular adjustment, said shank having an eccentric circular head, and said compressor comprising a cylindrical casing having inlet-and outlet ports and a cylindrical impeller therein of smaller diameter mounted on said eccentric head and movable with said casing.

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