US1991631A

US1991631A - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: US1991631A
Application number: US652309A
Authority: US
Inventors: Sangster William
Original assignee: De Laval Separator Co
Current assignee: De Laval Separator Co
Priority date: 1933-01-18
Filing date: 1933-01-18
Publication date: 1935-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 1952-02-19

Description

Feb. 19, 1935. w. SANGSTER 1 7 HEAT EXCHANGER Filed Jan. 18, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet l M W/IWESS. v (far; far WM Z BY r /777' fP/VE'YJ;

Feb. 19, 1935. w. SANGSTER 1,991,631

EAT EXCHANGER v Fiie i Jan. 18, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 19, 1935 i HEAT EXCHANGER a William Sangster, Peterborough, Ontario, Can-1" ada', assignor to The D pany. New York,- N. Jersey Application January e Laval Separator Com- 1., a corporation of N 1933, Serial No. 652,309

4 Claims. (01. 257 483) This invention relates to, a heat exchanger and has particular reference toa cooler or heater through which flow of a liquid is to take place through a series of tubes located adjacent each other and preferably parallel to each other. The present-invention has for, its object the provision of a heatexchanger involving a plu-. rality or" headers and tubes extending between such headers. Heretofore such heat exchangers generally consisted of headers in the form of castings provided .with cored passages and open ings into which tubes were fitted. This construction has disadvantages for several reasons among which may be mentioned the fact that considerable accuracy of tube length was required and the operations of'securely "fastening the tubes in the headers were carried out at relativelyhigh. temperatures and extended over long periods of time so-that warping of the brass or copper tub-- ing might result. Furthermore, the headers were quite heavy with the result that a heat exchanger having substantial heat exchange area had an inconvenient weight. y

As contrasted with such arrangements the present invention has as its object the provision of a heat exchanger of such construction that it may be easily assembled out of standard parts, primarily consisting of tubing. Asa result, it is quite cheap because of the useof tubing for the headers of light weight. Furthermore, assembly can be made at lower temperatures and in shorter times so that thereis less tendency for warping of the tubes which are. desirably thin in order that heat exchange may take place most readily.

In heat exchangers .of the old type referred to above provision had to be made for cleaning in order to avoid the accumulation of sediment in the headers. For this purpose clean-out plugs were necessary. It is a secondary object of the present invention to provide a construction in which the deposition of sediment is prevented and also complete draining may take place with the avoidance of possibility of freezing in cold weather when, for example, the heat exchanger takes the form of a cooler for milk.

Other detailed objects of the invention will become apparent from the following description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation partly in section of an embodiment of theinvention consisting specifically of a cooler for milk or the like provided of modificawith lateral openings for the reception of tubes 6. These tubes 6] project intothe headers through the openings and are se-' cured therein, for example, by brazing, the 15 joints-being preferably flooded with solder to in-" sure tightness. As illustrated specifically'in' the modification shown, each of the tubes 6 has-one end cut off atright angles to its axis as indicated at a and itsoth'er end beveledas indicated at 10,

the beveled end being truncated as indicated at 12.; By choosing the'tubing so that the headers have a slightly greater inside diameter than the external diameter of tubes '6, it will be obvious that the beveling at 10 will cause the beveled ends of'ithe tubes to lie in-close proximity to the inner walls of the headers. Briefly; the arrangement is suchi that a tight fitis avoided although it-will be clear that with suitable beveling a substantially tight fit may be produced. The trun cation at 12, in fact, is to prevent a tight fit and permit slight leakage past the beveled ends for the purpose of draining the portions of headers thereabove, such asat 14, above the end of one tube and belowthe end of a higher tube. The tubes are preferably of the cross-section illustrated in Fig. 2, having grooves 7 provided. at their lower sides.

Instead of the arrangement which is illustrated in Fig. 1, it will be obvious that the beveling may take place in other fashions. For example, each tube may be beveled at both ends or alternatively every other tube may not bebeveled while the intermediate tubes may be beveled at both ends. By either of such arrangements it will be obvious that communication in a, header between pairs of tubes may be prevented, while free communication is provided between the tubes of any of the pairs.

Thus, in Fig. 4, each tube 60 is bevelled atboth 7 ends, so as to allow, or compel, as in the arrange- 'ment of Fig. 1, a freepassage through all the tubes in series; while in Fig. 5 alternate tubes 61 68.

" will be none collecting in any pockets which might are bevelled at both ends, while the intermediate tubes 62 are not bevelled at either end.

An inlet 16 is provided at the bottom of one of the headers, the .lower end of which is closed by means of a washer 18 and a plug 20 of solder or the like. The washer is preferably provided to prevent the formation of a pocket below the entrance of the lowermost tube 6. An outlet 22 is provided at the top of one of the headers.

At the top of the cooler is arranged'a feed trough 24 adapted to receive milk from a tank which it is discharged through an outlet 39. The receiving trough 28 is preferably carried by means of hooks attached thereto and engaging the inlet 16 and a projection 32 secured to the opposite header. The device may be supported by a bracket engaging beneath the outlet 22 and a stud or-the like such. 'asindicated at 34. a

By reason of the'fact that the beveled or mitered ends of ,the tubes donot completely. closeoif the headers by reason of both clearance and, the definite, passages provided by the truncations at 12, it will be seen that there is no chance for the collection of sediment withinthe headers and, furthermore, complete drainage will result when the liquid is, drawn from the cooler so that there freeze in coldweather and damage or block the cooler. I r

' The, simplicity. of the construction results in cheapnes's, the attachment of the tubes 6 to the headers byv brazing and/or soldering maybe carried out readily and without danger of warping of the tubes so that both the cooling tubes 6 and the headers maybe produced of thin walled tubing. As a result, lightness and eficient heat exchange are provided. While the specific. em-

bodlment disclosed, is a cooler it will be obvious that the construction is equally applicable to the formationof a heater in which case the fluid would be heated and pass through the series of tubes while heating fluid Wouldbe guided about suchtubes or the tubes exposed directlyto a flame.

It will be obvious that various changes may. be.

made. in the invention without departing from the spiritithereof as, defined in the following claims.

What I claim and desire to protect-by Lette Patent is:

1. A heat exchanger including tubular header having lateral openings therein, and tubes joining the headers and communicating through said 5 openings with said headers, at least some of said tubes having bevelled ends extending into the headers closely adjacent theirinside walls so as to provide a free passage through, all thetubes in series, but spaced therefrom to provide for are- 10. 1 stricted flow through'the length of the header for illustrated at '26 provided with an outlet valve'2'7 which milk will flowdownwardly over the Ttube's, being cooled by the contents thereof and will eventually drip into the receiving trough 28 from the removal of sediment.

- 2.=A-heat exchanger including tubular headers havinglateral openings therein, tubes joining the headers and extending through said openings into' 15 the headers, and means for restricting communication within theheaders between pairs of tubes while providin freev communication between 'members of each pair, said means including bevelled endsof certain tubes within the headers 20 lying closely adjacent the inside walls of the headers, .said bevelled ends being spaced from the inside walls ofthe headers to provide for a. restricted flow through the length of each header for the removal of sediment; 25

3. Aheat exchanger including tubular headers having lateral openings therein, tubes joining the headers and extending through said openings, and

means for. restrictingcommunication within the headers between pairs of tubes while providing 9 free communication between members of each pair, said means including-bevelled.'ends of certain tubes within the headers lying closely adjacent theinside walls of the headers, said -bev-. elled ends being spaced-from the inside walls'of the headers to 'providefor a restricted flow throughthe, length of each header, the'spacing being provided by the truncation of the bevelledends of the-tubes. a

4. A heat exchanger including having lateral openings therein, and tubes "of slightly less inside diameter than the headers communicating through said openings with said headers, at least some of thetubeends extending into the heads andbeing bevelled so that the bevelled ends lie close proximity to the inner walls ofthe heads and so as to provide a free 1 passage. through. all the tubes'in series, the'bevelledends being truncatedsoas to providefor'arestricted flow through the length of theheader-J WILLIAM SANGSTER, 1

tubular headers