US1988653A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 22, 1935. R. E. GOULD Y 1,988, 53

CARBURETOR Fild April 8, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inventor Attorney Jan. 22, 1935. R. E. GOULD 1,983,653

CARBURETOR I Filed April 8, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I m'enlor Attorney Patented Jan. 22, 1935' v.

UNITED stares" were I 1,988,658. GARBURETOR Ralph E. Gould; Los Angeles' Califa Application April. 8, 1932, Serial No. 604,020

11 Claims.

This invention relates .to, and has for an object the provision of an improved-type of. carburetor: forum in connection with internal combustionr motors, andlcontemplates the provision of. a. simg ple economical, effective and automatic mechanism whereby the fuel requirements of a motor under. various operating conditions. maybe met, a

more perfect vaporizationof thefuel effected in.

the. passage ofthe fuel to the intake manifoldof themotor, and accordingly a'more perfect. combustion of thefueleffected in the moton.

Another object is: to. provide a" carburetor. so arranged "thatit maybeconnected with; the fuel supply. means substantially at the normal levelof."

15. the fuel in the tank, thereby eliminating theuse of vacuum feed systems, pumps, etc. forelevating the. fuel from the fuel supply means to the carburetor. j

Afnrther: object isto provide a is capable of being used in either an upright 01' inverted position on motor with. equal effect or operated at any angle fromthe perpendicular.

Another object is to provide automatic means-. for, regulating the supply. of .fuelto thecarburetor 25 inaccordance. withthe requirements of the motor.

thruouta range of operation from an idling speed.

to aimaximum speed.

Another object is to provide means fon manually increasing thevolumeof fuel fed tothe carburetor 30. as'when starting a cold'motor or to compensate for; climatic .-'changes..

A: further. object is to provide. in the mixing. chamber in .additionto the usualbutterfly throttle;

valvefor regulating, the air supply tothe motor,

tially open.

Other and. more detailed objects of. invention will .apepanas thegdescription .progresses;.

I. have shown. a: preferred embodiment of my.

carburetor in the accompanyingdrawings, in

which.

.Fig..l.is aside elevation.

moved.

Eigzfitis'asectional elevation on line 3; aor

Eig. .41 isan; enlarged top plan view. of; a spiral;

valve actuating device for automatically regulate Fig. 2.;is afront elevation;withetheucover rea ing thesupply of fuel to the carburetor in accord,- ance with; the requirements-of themotor. I f Fig. 5 is a]sectionakelevationaon line 5.5of Fig; 2. i

Fig. 6- is aisectionalielevationof the; 531111850111; 5

line'6-'6 of Eig;.2.' Fig; 7. is a'sectional plan of: the: carburetor oni linelh of Fig-5; Fig; 8 is a sectional: elevation of. an auxiliary tube in communication:with thermixing chamber 10 and a needle valve housedwithin thetube. for regulating the supply of .fuel, as seen: onrline8z-e8 ofFig. 5.

In its preferred form mycarburetor comprises an integral cast metalbody. withraitubulan member tube Lhaving arflange- 2 at; anendthereofifon attachment tdtheintake manifold ofthe motor;

. and a-housingfi arranged at one side of the'meme carbureton which her 1; for enclosing, certain imechanismsrequisite for the operation of theicarburetor; and-:pu'ov-i.d.edz, with a detachablecover 4; g

Means is alsoprovided on a side of the memben: 1' opposite the .housing% inthe formsof upper and lower lugs 5.- and f 6 for. operatively' supporting an:-

auxiliary. tube-'7.- pThe member 1 is provided with; 25,

the usual vertical mixingchamber 8 :which-isopen: atopposite ends, and-.a.disk,throttle: valve 9 .of." usual form isrnount'ed in. and? serves :to: regulate the opening and closing'ofgthe upper; portionnofi the chamber 8. V f

The-valve 9 is mountedion a shaft 1.0. which is journaledat oppositesides 1 of. member 1 inbearings 11 and'12'andthe-shaft isiextended outwardly" at both of .itsen'ds from said bearings respectively 1 so that avalveoperating lever 13.:may be adjusta'e-jz 3.53

bly and'detachably securedto either end of: the: shaft-byameans of;.a screw 14ior otherwise.

= O nd o s aft 10 is p ovidedwith st m member 15 which has two right angularly extendt 'lfi a &7 a for limiti g: the-movement'of shaft. 10 and valve'9inttwot directionsq Arm l6=v engages-awe; 18. formed on gfia-nge 2:for limiting the movement of shaft 10 in a. clockwise-direction; as seen-tin Fig; 1, which limits the movement of: valve 9--to' complete open position.

Arm- 17 -is provided with. an adjusting-screw 19* the inner end of .which is adapted to en agemerear wall 2020f housing-3 for limiting :the: moves" mentof the; shaft 10 iniopposit,eposition;andffori limiting theyclosingof. valve'ta'to axdesiredrextentti In the lower portion-of: the mixing chamber." 8;: i I provide; an 'auxiliaryidisk valve' 2l.';on Ia) shaft: 22 which .is-preferably disposediatz-righttanglestmshaft 10, andisjburnaledinioearingsfiIand 2.4: w

Shaftf2ziextendsrsubstantially outwardly-creme bearing 24, as shown in Fig. 5, for the purpose of operatively supporting a cam 25 of the character shown in Fig. 4, said cam being located within the housing 3. The lug 6 is bifurcated so that the auxiliary tube 7 may be clamped between the furcations thereof by means of a screw 26. Lug 5 has a recess 27 therein which is'countersunk at 28 to receive the upper end of tube 7, and a primary mixture port 29 is provided in the wall of the member I for affording communication between the chamber 27-and chamber 8-.' The length of tube 7 depends upon the position of the carburetor with respect to the motor and the normal level of the fuel supply. Said tube should, however, be extended downwardly below lug 6 tea point where the lower end thereof may be connected as shown in Fig. 5 with the fuel supply means. To this end the lower end of tube 7 has a collar 30 threaded thereon to which a coupling 31 is attached, and said coupling is in turn connected with a nipple 32 adapted to be secured to the fuel supply pipe leading from the tank.

The coupling 31' may have an elbow 33 forming a fuel inlet and extending upwardly into the tube 7 therefrom and provided with a funnelshaped upper portion 34 forming a seat for a fuel inlet valve 35' and additionally providing means whereby fuel ejected from the fuel inlet into'tube 7 will be deflected from and around the valve and thence upwardly thru tube 7 and the needle'valve 35 into open position.

Spring 41 is operatively secured in position by means of the screw 42. Another arm 43 on said bell crank engages the end" of a transverse rod 44 which isslidably mounted in'the opposite sides of member 1 and isextended at its outer end into a compartment 45 of housing 3 and is provided in said compartment with a clevis 46. Aspring 47 is secured at 48 to the bottom of compartment 45 and bears against clevis 46 for urging shaft 44 into engagement with arm 43 of bell crank 38.

" It may be noted at this point that spring 47 is of substantially greater tension than spring 41.

Thus, as the shaft 44 is moved to the left, as seen in Fig.5, the needle valve 35'will be depressed and correspondingly closed at its seat 34, and as the suction in tube 7 increases the tension of spring 47 is overcome and bell crank 38 is oscil lated so as to move rod 44 to the right, as seen in Fig. 5. I

A vacuum cylinder 49 is detachably secured in the top of housing 3 and is closed at its upper end by means of a plug 50 and at its lower end bymeansof a piston 51. When said cylinder is positioned in the housing the upper portion 52 of the cylinder is in constant'communication with the mixing chamber 8 at a point between valves 9 and 21 by means of a transverse bore 53 in the top of thehousing 3 and a corresponding bore 54 in the plug 50 which registers with the bore 53 and communicates with a port 55 in plug 50. l

Plug 50 and cylinder 49 carry an adjusting screw 56 which is threaded into the bore 54 of plug 50 andthe inner end' of said screwis beveled and serves to regulate'the opening andcl'osing of port 55 toap'oint of maximum efficiency. 'flThe piston 51 has a stem 57 which is in the form of a rack with gear teeth thereon adapted to constantly engage a sector 58 formed on orv attached to the cam 25. Stem 57 is guided in its movement and. is held in engagement with sector 58 by means of aroller 59 carried on the end 60 of a bracket 61 adjustably mounted in the rear wall of housing 3 by means of a screw 62 or otherwise.

Cam 25 has a fixed segment 63 detachably secured thereto by means of screws 64 and 65 and a spiralcam segment 66 detachably secured at one end by means of screws 64 to the sector 58. The spiral member 66 is adjustably secured at a plurality of points to the member 63 by means of screws 67, 67 etc. provided with countersunk heads on the outer side of member 66 and lock nuts 68 on the inner side of said member for adjustably supporting the member 66 at a desired angle. The spiral cam 66 is directly engaged on its side by a roller 69 rotatably held on the lower end of a follower arm 70 which is pivoted at 71 to a bell crank 72 within the housing 3, as shown in Fig. 3. Said bell crank has an upwardly extended arm 73 which supports the pin 71-on which arm 70 is carried, and a substantially right angularly disposed arm 74 extended inwardly from an axial hinge pin 75which is secured to the adjacent side wall of housing 3.

An adjusting cam 76 is fixed to a horizontal shaft 77 which is journaled in the opposite side walls of housing 3 and projects substantially from each of said walls so that an operating lever 78 may be attached to either end of said shaft. Cam 76 is a three-step cam and is provided with a depression 77, a slightly inclined segment 78 and a hump 79 in. order from right to left, as seen in Fig. 3. Arm 74 of bell crank 72 is bent downwardly, at its free end 80 so that said free end will selectively engage the peripheral portions of said cam just described.

For the purpose of varying the mixture of fuel and air for different operating conditions, I provide an adjusting screw 81 with a knob 82 on the lower end, and said screw is extensible thru the bottom 83 of housing 3 and also thru a lug 84 within said housing, and the upper end of said screw is threaded thru a nut 85 positioned adjacent said lug. (See Fig. 3.)

The upper end of screw 81 engages a portion 86 of said cam for normally limiting the movement of the cam in a clockwise direction, as seen in Fig. 3. The screw 81, however, is provided with a compression spring 87 between nut 85 and bottom 83 of the housing so that cam 76 may be moved in a clockwise direction beyond its normal position and spring 87 will be compressed and screw 81 depressed by such over movement of cam 76. This over movement of cam 76 is for the purpose of obtaining a richer mixture of fuel for starting a cold motor, and is accomplished by moving the lever 78 attached to an end of shaft 22 externally of housing 3 thru the medium of a pull wire such as is employed for the usual choke rod in a automobile. In such event, over movement of cam 76 will engage the'portion 80 of arm 74 with the hump 79 of cam 76 thereby moving arm 73 with its pin 71 forwardly in the housing 3 to a maximum extent and correspondingly moving shaft 44 to the right, as'seen'in Fig. 5, so as to permit a suflicient opening of fuel inlet valve 35.

' It'will be observed by reference to Figs. 2 and 5 that the follower arm 70 extends thru the opening of clevis 46 and-is adjustably connected with the clevis by meansof a screw 46 which engages arm 70. Thus, as arm 70 is moved forwardly it will effect a corresponding movement of shaft 44.

Cam 25 is held in its normally retracted position by means of a spring 88 secured at its upper end to screw 65 on said cam and at its lower end to the pin 89 held in the lug 90 on the bottom of housing 3, as seen in Fig. 2. Thus the rotation of cam 25 and sector 58 in a counter-clockwise'direction, as seen in Fig. 2, is accomplished against the tension of spring 88 and the tension of said spring constantly tends torestore cam 25, sector 58 and piston 51 to their normal posi-,

tions. r 1

In operation, the throttle valve is set so as to provide a slight opening suflicient in area to permit the idling of the motor, and'the automatic 1 air valve 21 in the lower portion of the mixing chamber 8 is set so as tocompletely close said chamber against the entrance of air thru the bottomof the chamber while the motor isinoperativel .When the motor is started a partial vacuum is created in the chamber 8 between valves 9 and 21 and a mixture of air and fuel suflicient to operate the motor at idling speed is drawn thru auxiliary tube 7 and port 29 into chamber 8. If the volume of air thus admitted tothe chamber 8 is insufficient the suction in cylinder 52 slightly elevates piston 51 and causes a corresponding opening of valve 21, thereby increasing the volume of air to meet operating requirements.

As in other types of carburetor, the volume of air admitted thru the bottom of chamber 8 increases as the throttle valve 9 is opened and the resultant increased suction in cylinder 52 correspondingly further elevates piston 51 and valve 21 thru the instrumentality of the cam unit 25 connected with said piston and said valve. As the suction in cylinder 52 increases and cam unit 25 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction, as seen in Fig. 2, the follower roller 69 traverses the spiral cam 66, thereby correspondingly moving rod 44 to the right, as seen in Fig. 5, and permitting a corresponding upward movement of needle valve 35 so as to increase the volume'of fuel sprayed'into the tube 7.

Thus the reciprocation of piston 51 at all times corresponds to the reciprocation of rod 44 and fuel inlet valve 35' and also to the oscillation of air valve 21. Due to this fact the requisite volume of fuel andair is distributed to the motor for varying operating conditions. As the motor is decelerated the piston 51 is lowered in its cylinder 52 and cam unit 25 and valve 21 are retracted by the tension of spring 88, and fuel inlet valve is correspondingly operated for closing the orifice in the fuel inlet nozzle 34 proportionately.

By reference to Fig; 3, it will be observed that I have provided means for varying the relative proportions of fuel and air delivered to the motor thru my carburetor and including two separate adjustments; one for the purpose of adjusting the mixture for,- normal operating conditions, and another adjustment adapted to be made by the operator of the vehicle or motor during the operation of the motor fordifferent purposes. Said means may include a cam 76 which is primarily adjusted by means of screw 81 for providing a set adjustment for normal conditions, as hereinbefore described, or other suitable devices.

To facilitate the starting of the motor when cold, cam 76 is rotated in a clockwise direction, as seen in Fig. 3, by a suitable operating member connected with lever 78 so as to move the hump 79 on saidcam into engagement with and to lift arm 74, thereby moving the follower arm 70 to the right, as seen in Figs. 8 and 5, for the purpose of correspondingly moving rod 44 and needle valve 35 so as to open the fuel inlet valve to admit an excess volume of fuel into the mixing chamber 8.

. Su'ch movement of cam 76 and-of follower arm 70 is independent of cam unit 25 and piston 51, and when the motor becomes warm and is capable of operating on the normal mixture at idling speed cam 76 may be retracted so that hump 79 will disengage arm 74. i

At any time the cam 76 may be adjusted by the operator in either direction, as seen in Fig. 3,'for the purpose .of thinning or richening the mixture.

As hereinbefore'stated, the peripheral portion 78 of cam 76 is slightly inclined from the right to the left. Therefore the movement of the cam in a counterclockwise direction will effect'a corresponding retraction of follower arm 70 from engagement with screw 46, thereby permitting a corresponding closing of needle valve 35 and a thinning of the fuel content of the mixture.

of compression, as when descending inclines} it is desirable to substantially reduce, if not toquite completely shut off, the supply of fuel to the carburetor in order to economize on' fuel. To this end the cam 76 is provided with a recess 77 which, when the cam is rotated in a counterclockwisedirection as seen in Fig. 3 toits extreme of movement, will be engaged by arm 74, thereby causing a substantial retraction of follower arm 70 from engagement'with screw 46 so that the operation of cam unit 25 and piston 51;

cannot under any conditions operate the follower arm 70 and needle valve 35.

Moreover, such an adjustment of cam 76 will permit the complete closing of fuel inlet valve 35 so as to completely shut off the fuelsupply until it" is again needed. for the operation of the m0- tor. 'Thus with the fuel supplycompletely shut off the full benefit'of compression in' them'otor is available to the operator of a vehicle with a corresponding economy in the operation of the motor.

A particular feature of my invention is the provision of means forvaporizing the fuel substantially at the normal level of the fuel, thus eliminating-the necessity of accessory vacuum feed mechanisms, pumps, etc. As shownin Fig. 5, the auxiliary tube 7 serves as an initial 'vaporizing chamber wherein the fuel is converted by mixture with air into a mist and from which the mist is induced into the mixing chamber 8.

It will be obvious that the carburetor thus equipped with the tube 7 may be arranged at any inclination or position on or adjacent to the motor without affecting the operation thereof. The mechanism associated with the fuel inlet valve 35 is compactly housed within the portion 3 and enclosed by means of the detachable cover 4, which is heldinposition by means of a nut detachably threaded on the outer end of a stud 91 secured to the bottom of housing 3.

The tension of spring 88, which effects the retraction of cam unit 25, is'adjustable by means of a pin: or screw 89 which may be threaded or loosely held in a boss 92 on the bottom of housing 3,;as shown in Fig, 5, and looked in adjusted position by means of a set screw 93. The lower end of spring '88 is coiled around the head of screw 89 and itsyextremity'is inserted thru an aperture in said screw so that the turning of the screw in one direction will unwind the spring from the screw and thereby decrease the tension of the spring, while the turning of the screw in an op-' posite direction will wind the spring on the sore and increase its tension.

The normal position of spiral cam 66 relative to the follower roller 69 is such that the cam will beslightly rotated by the tensionofspring 88 beyond the position shown in Fig. 2 so that roller 69wi-ll disengage the cam bv reasonof an off set 657 on theperiphery of the cam. Thus, when the motor is at rest the follower arm 70 .will be retracted inwardly from its normal position relative to the cam and completely'out of engagemen withscrewAS on the clevis 46. V

t In such event, the accidental or intentional operation of lever '78 and the resultant movement of cam 'lfi would not be operative for opening fuel inlet valve 35, which, if opened while the motor is at rest, wouldentail a loss of fuel. The initial rotation of cam 66, however, will elevate roller 69 so that said roller will be disposed in operative position on cam 66.

What I claim is: 1, A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber, a throttle valve thereinfor controlling the dischargeof a fuel mixture therefrom, an air valve in said chamber below the throttle valve for regulating the vacuum in the chamber, a valve controlled fuel inlet, an auxiliary chamber lead-- ing from the fuel inlet to and communicating with the mixingchamber at a point intermediate said throttle and air valves, means operatively connected with and for opening andclosing-said air valve to correspond to thesuctionin said mixing ohamben; means for operatively connect-,

ing said air valve with said fuel inlet valve, whereby the volume of fuel *will be increased ,and-de-.

creased to correspond to the opening and closing of the air valve, and manually operable means for adjusting the-connection between said air valve and said fuel inlet valve at will, to permit the richening of the mixture without correspondingly varying the volumeof-air,

2. A carburetor comprisinga mixing chamber, a throttle valve therein for controlling the discharge of a fuel mixture therefrom, an airvalve in said chamber below the throttle valve for regulating the vacuum in thechamber, a valve controlled fuel inlet, an auxiliary chamber leading from the fuel inlet to and communicating with the mixing chamber at a point intermediate said throttle andair valves, means operatively connected with and for opening and closing said air valve to-correspond to the suctionin said mixing chamber, means for operatively connecting said air valve with said .fuel inlet valve, whereby the volume of fuel will be increased and decreased to correspond to the opening and clos-- ing ;of the air valve, and manually operable means for adjusting the connection between said air valve andsaid fuel inlet valve atwill, to permit therichening of the mixture withouteffecting the operation of the air valve.

3. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber,

a throttle valve therein for controlling-the dis;

charge ofia fuel mixture therefrom, an air valve in saidchamber below the throttle valve for regulating the vacuum in the chamber, .a valve controlled fuel inlet, an auxiliary chamber leading fromxthe fuel inlet to and communicating with the mixing chamber at a point intermediate said throttle .a-nd'air valves, means :operatively connected with and for opening and closing said "air valve to correspond to the suction in said mixing chamber, ,means for operatively connecting said air valve with said fuel inlet valve, whereby the volume eoffuel will :be increased and decreased to correspond to the opening and closing of the air va-lve,,and manually operable means for adjusting the connection between said air valve and said fuel inlet valve to permit the opening and closing of the inlet valve for richening or thinningthe mixture without correspondingly opera-ting the air valve.

4. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber having a valve controlled fuel inlet, a manually operable-valve in said chamber on one side of said inlet, an automatically operable valve rotatablezin said chamber on the other side of said inlet, a cam positively connected with said automatic valve, .a cylinder in communication with said chamber, a piston in :said cylinder positively connected with and for operating said cam, and means controlled by said cam for operating said fuel inlet valve to correspond to the operation of said automatic valve.

-5. .A,carburetor as characterized in claim 4, including means manually operable for adjusting the connection between said fuel inlet valve and said automaticva'lve for varying the relative volumes of fuel and air admitted 'to said mixing chamber, respectively.

"6. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber having a fuel inlet, a pair of valves arranged in andnearbpposite extremities of said chamber, means operative by the suction in said chamber for automatically operating one of said valves, an

auxiliary tubexopen to theatmosphere at one end and communicating atits other end with said mixing chamber'at a point intermediate said valves, said inlet-being positioned at the open end of said tube a fuel feed line connected with said fuel inlet, a fuel inlet valve in said auxiliary tube seating in said inlet, and means operative by the suction in said chamber for automatically and correspondingly operating saidfuel inlet valve and-said automatic valve, said means including a cam associated with saidautomatic valve, a cylinder communicating with said mixing chamber at a point below the uppermost of said valves, a piston said cylinder connected with said cam,

and means adjustably connecting said cam andsaid fuel inlet valve.'

7. A carburetor comprising a mixing'chamber having a fuel inlet, a fuel inlet valve controlling the fuel supply at said inlet, means for admitting limited volume of airthru said inlet with the fuel to provide a primary mixture, a throttle controlling the discharge of the mixture from said chamber, an air valve regulating the vacuum in said chamber, and a vacuum controlled mechanism connecting said fuel inlet valve with said air valve for operating said valves to correspond to the volume of air passing thru said chamber, said primary mixture being admitted to and said vacuum controlled mechanism being connected with said chamber at points intermediate said throttle and air valves.

8. A carburetor as characterized in claim '7, including means for varying the adjustment of said vacuum controlled mechanism to permit a richening or thinning of the fuel mixture as required.

9. A carburetor comprising :a mixing chamber having a fuel inlet, a primary mixing passage open to the atmosphere and communicating with said chamber and said inlet, fuel feed means in said passage for delivering a mixture of air and fuel to said chamber, a fuel inlet valve in said passage con rolling the flow of fuel to said chamber, a vacuum cylinder in communication with said chamber, a piston in said cylinder, a throttle valve and an air valve at spaced points in said chamber and arranged on opposite sides of the opening of said passage to said chamber, adjustable means connecting said air valve and said inlet valve for operating said inlet valve and said air valve correspondingly to the extent of the volume of air passing through said chamber and means for manually adjusting said last mentioned means to vary the relative volumes of fuel and. air admitted to said chamber.

nected with and for urging said cam and said valve to normally closed position, a fuel inlet valve for regulating the admission of fuel to said chamber, and means connecting said cam with said inlet valve, for the purpose described.

11. A carburetor as characterized in claim 10, including means for manually adjusting the connection between said air inlet valve and said fuel valve to vary the relative volumes of fuel and air admitted to said chamber.

RALPH E. GOULD.

Images