US1987626A

US1987626A - Process of and apparatus for filling cracks and crevices

Info

Publication number: US1987626A
Application number: US593257A
Authority: US
Inventors: Klie Wilhelm
Original assignee: Deutsche Werke Kiel A G
Current assignee: Deutsche Werke Kiel A G
Priority date: 1930-01-21
Filing date: 1932-02-16
Publication date: 1935-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 1952-01-15

Description

J an. 15,1935. E' 1,987,626

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR FILLING CRACKS AND CREVICES Filed Feb. is, 1932 m/ VENITO/P ML #54 A7 K1. /L-:

, idly/A AT'To A/Ey Patented Jan. 15, 1935 PROCESS Wilhelm Klie, Kiel,

OF AND APPARATUS FOR FILLING CRACKS AND CREVICES Germany, assignor to Deutsche Werke Kiel Aktiengesellschaft, Kiel, Germany, a. corporation of Germany Application February 16, 1932. Serial No. 593,257

Germany January 21, 1930 2 Claims.

This invention relates to" a. method and means for inserting a filling material or a plugging material into cracks and cavities formed in concrete, rocks and the like.

Experience has shown that structures made of concrete often crack after a certain time, so that cavities are formed in the concrete. The concrete -may even become completely disintegrated and form loosely interconnected layers. It was found that usually the upper portions of concrete have more cracks than its lower portions.

In some cases in which a layer of masonry has been placed on top of a concrete structure, the concrete underneath the masonry may become soft and rotten while the masonry is preserved in a good condition. Y

In mines and similar underground concrete structures, liquids flowing under pressure, such .as-sea water; may come in contact with the concrete and cause'the formation of cracks and cavities.

During the construction of mines, tunnels and the like, it is often difiicult to complete the work because water is found in the rock, or coal and ore strata.

In all the above-mentioned cases it is necessary to insert under pressure a so-called filling or plugging material such as cement, chemicals and the like, into cracks or cavities to prevent a disaster which might occur if the process ofdisintegration is allowed to develop any further. The same procedure is used to prevent water from flooding a mine.

In prior art, it is customary 'to drive an iron pipe or an iron tube through a conical wood stopper and then to drive this pipe together with the stopper into a bore hole which was drilled as far as the cavities or cracks in the concrete or rock, the stopper acting as a sealing member at the outer end of the bore hole. Then cement or another similar material was inserted under pressure into the pipe. Due to the fact that the pipe does not fit the bore hole tightly, the filling material often penetrates into the space between the bore hole and the pipe and raises the upper layers of the concrete structure before the-cavities or cracks of the lower layers of the structure are filled.

In some instances weights have been placed around the bore hole to prevent the upper layers from being raised and damaged. This is ineffective in most cases and it is always inconvenient and very expensive.

when chemical fillers are used for the cracks and cavities of a structure, a very high pressure has to be employed, and the effect of this pressure cannot be offset by placing weights around the bore hole. Y

An object of the present invention is the provision of an inexpensive and effective method of inserting a filling material into the cavities and cracks of a structure or rock.

The above and other objects of the present invention may be realized through the use of a pair of concentric pipes one of which is sealed with respect to the walls of the borehole. The second pipe which is movable with respect to the sealed pipe may be moved more deeply into the bore hole and used for transmitting the filling material into the cracks and cavities of a structure or rock.

The outer pipe carries a member used as a support for the sealing material which is inserted into the space between the walls of the bore hole and this pipe. The inner pipe is provided with another member usedas a support for a sealing material which may be introduced into the space between the walls of the two pipes.

The invention will appear more clearly from the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing showing in section a preferred embodiment of the inventive idea.

As shown in the drawing, a pressure pipe a is surrounded by and situated at a certain distance from an outer concentric pipe b. A cap 0 is screwed on top of the pipe I). The cap 0 carries a set pin or screw (1 which may come in contact" with the walls of the pressure pipe a. The elbow piece or a branch pipe e forms a part of the' cap 0. The outer end of the branch pipe e may be inclined at any-suitable angle depending upon the angle of inclination of the bore hole. I

The pressure pipe a connected at its upper end with a member f which may be attached to a tube or pipe h used for transmitting under pressure a filling material or a plugging material to the pipe a. The member f carries a valve 9.

The pipe a carries at or near its opposite lower end an end plate i which has approximately the same diameter as the bore hole. A packing ring which is made of leather, felt or the like and which is slightly bent along its periphery is mounted on top of the plate Another end plate m is carried by the lower end of the outer pipe I). v:

In operation, the end plate 12 with thewpacking ring k is pressed tightly against the plate m. The pipe 4 is pressed tightly against the cap 0 by the screw d so that the pipes a and b are firmly connected with each other. Then the two pipes a and b are introduced together into the bore hole until they practically reach to the level of the cavities and cracks which are to be filled.

Should water be present in the bore hole, this water will fiow out of the upper end of the pipe a.

After the pipes a and b have been placed in their proper positions, a quickly setting substance which is indicated by the letters SZ in the drawing, is inserted into the space between the outer pipe I) and the walls of the bore hole, the plate m acting as a support for said substance. This quickly setting substance may consist of cement mixed with a setting accelerator or cement fondu, or the like.

When the substance-SZ has become solid, it seals the outer pipe b with respect to the walls of the bore hole.

Then the tube h is connected with the pressure pipe a and the filling or plugging material is forced into the bore hole through pipes h and a.

This material passes through the entire pipe a and reaches the cracks or cavities which are to be filled-in. Due to the pressure exerted upon the filling material through the pipe (1 this material is pressed into the cracks and crevices and first fills the larger cracks and then the smaller ones. Due to the provision of the substance SZ which seals the outer pipe, the pressure exerted upon the filling material cannot be transmitted to the outer layers of the structure so that these layers cannot be raised or otherwise injured.

In some cases it must be necessary or desirable to insert the filling material twice into the bore hole and to use it a second time-for filling cracks formed in lower layers of the structure or rock. It should be noted that the device disclosed in the present application permits the use of a higher pressure for filling the lower layers, since these lower layers are located at a greater distance from the upper surface of the structure or rock.

After the cracks formed in the upper layers have been filled, the pipe a is disconnected. from the cap 0, and the pipes h and a are disconnected, to enable the filling material which may still remain in the bore hole to pass through the pipe a while this pipe is being inserted more deeply into the bore hole; a funnel n is attached to the upper end of the branch pipe e and the sealing substance 82 is introduced through the funnel n and the branch pipe e into the space between the walls of the pipe a and the pipe b. The pressure pipe a is moved more deeply into the bore hole while the sealing substance SZ is still liquid. The sealing substance 52 follows the pressure pipe a due to its own weight and also due to suction taking place between the. plates 2' and m so that the filling material which has been inserted into the upper cracks during the first filling is not permitted to flow back into the bore hole.

The position of the pressure tube a after it has been inserted more deeply into the bore hole is illustrated by broken lines in the drawing. In this position, the pipe a is again pressed against the cap 0 by' the screw (1. After the sealing substance situated between the walls of the pipe 11 and the pipe b, has become solid, the tube It is again connected with the pressure pipe a and a second charge of the filling material or plugging material is forced into the bore hole through the pipes h and a.

Prior to this insertion of the second charge of the filling material the cap 0 together with the funnel n are taken off and cleaned before the sealing material becomes solid.

Finally the pressure tube h is removed and the ends of the two pipes a and b projecting above the upper surface of the concrete are cut off.

A further advantage of this process is that the two pipes a and b which remain in the concrete form excellent anchoring means for the concrete layers. Such anchoring means are particularly necessary for the upper layers of the concrete and the two pipes a and b will have their greatest effect upon these upper layers. The entire bore hole may be subjected to this effect by arranging the end plate i in such a way that the pipe 1) reaches nearly to the bottom of the bore hole at the insertion of the second charge of the filling material.

I claim:

1. In a process of pressing filling or plugging material into concrete, rock or the like by means of a pressure pipe inserted into a bore hole; inserting a second pipe into said bore hole which second pipe surrounds with space said pressure pipe, closing ofi said second pipe against said pressure pipe at its inner end, sealing ofi said second pipe against the wall of the bore hole before the layer to be filled or plugged, pressing filling or plugging material through said pressure the space between the two pipes, and pressing.

again filling or plugging material through said pressure pipe.

2. An apparatus for pressing filling or plugging material into concrete, rock or the like, comprising a pressure pipe to be inserted into a bore hole, a second pipe adapted, when inserted into the bore hole to surround said pressure pipe with space,a member on said second pipe adapted to serve as a support for sealing material to be introduced through the space between said second pipe and the bore hole wall, and a member on said pressure pipe adapted to serve as a support for sealing material to be introduced through the space between the two pipes.

' WILHELM KLIE.