US1984176A - Double end automatic lathe - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 11, 1934. F. CONE DLDUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1951 16 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 11, 1934.

F. L. CONE DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1951 16 Sheets-Sheet 2 F. L. CONE DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Dec. 11, 1934. 7

1e Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 9, 1931 Dec. 11, 1934. F. CONE DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1951 1e Sheets-Sheet 4 S u mzjj Jiw 41 WWW Dec. 11, 1934. F. L. CONE DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1931 16 Sheets-Sheet 6 V Dec. 11, 1934. F. 1.. CONE 1,984,176

DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1951 16 Sheets-Sheet 'T N o N Q i N Q s N 3 $5 iymfji JZW 9 WW WMYWB Dec. 11, 1934. F 1.. CONE Dec. 1 1, 1934. F. 1.. CONE 1,984,176

DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1931 16 Sheets-Sheet 9 Jaw/i37 fl/mZJ 42/26 Dec. 11, 1934.

F L CONE ,DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9 1951 16 Sheets-Sheet 1O Dec. 11, 1934. F. L. CONE 1,984,176

DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1951 16 Sheets-Sheet 12 Dec. 11, 1934. F. L CONE DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1951 16 Sheets-Sheet l3 WW i9 W Dec. 11, 1934. F. CONE DOUBLE END AUTOMATIC LATHE Filed Dec. 9, 1931 16 Sheets-Sheet 14 JIZwIZZW 1 mail, Mzd

Patented Dec, 11, 1934.

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE 1'7 Claims.

This invention relates to machine tools of the automatic lathe type wherein various operations are performed simultaneously or in sequence, or both, automatically, in'the machine cycle, and has for an object to produce such a machine where various operations may be performed on both end portions of the work during this cycle. To this end means are provided for grasping the work between its ends and for presenting it automatically and successively in operative relation to the various tools at both ends, there being one station at which the finished work is removed and the lanks to be operated upon are inserted.

For a more complete understanding of this invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings showing a machine embodying this invention tooled up for one particular set of operations, although it should be evident it is not limited to any particular set of operations.

In these drawings,

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine as arranged for the tool set up shown diagrammatically in Figures 22 to 25 inclusive.

Figure 2 is a top plan of the same, parts being removed or broken away.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary tailstock end elevation.

Figures 4 to 12 are sections on the correspondingly numbered section lines of Figure 1, but to a larger scale.

Figure 13 is a fragmentary side elevation'of parts shown in Figure 12.

Figures 14 and 15 are sections on lines 14-1i and 15-15, respectively, of Figure 1.

Figure 16 is a section on line 1616 of Figure 17, certain parts being omitted.

Figure 17 is a detail side elevation to a larger scale of parts shown to the left of section line 6-6 of Figure 1.

Figure 18 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of a safety device for the camdrum shaft.

Figure 19 shows a modified safety drive mechanism.

Figure 20 is a headstock machine. v

Figure 21 is a section to a larger scale on line 21-21 of Figure 6. 7

Figures 22 to 25 are diagrammatic elevations showing a tool set up.

Referring to Figure 1, it will be seen that the machine comprises a bed 1 supported on a suitable base 2, the bed supporting by suitably spaced vertical standards 3, 4, and 5, an upper frame member 16 arranged in parallel spaced relation end elevation of the.

holder and a blank to be operated upon inserted,

to the bed 1. Supported between the bed 1 and the upper frame 10 are the various work holding mechanisms and the operating tools of the machine. Carried by the frame 10 is mechanism for controlling the movements of both the work holders and the tools as will later more fully appear, this general arrangements being similar to that shown in my Patent No. 1,271,540 for Automatic screw machine, granted July 9, 1918.

Turret mechanism Between the bed land the upper frame 10 is positioned a turret shown best in Figures 6, "I and 16. This turret is mounted to rotate on a central horizontal axis. A portion of this axis is formed by a shaft 16 which extends from an end plate 17 of the turret to a disk member 19 journaled in the end standard 3 as shown best" in Figure 3. This shaft 16 is of sufficient length to permit various tool holders, which will be later more fully described, to be placed between the disk 19 and the turret so as to operate on work extending through the turret and. projecting therefrom at the end facing the disk 19.

The disk 19, as best shown in Figure 3, is provided with spaced bars which form guideways to receive a roller 21 journaled on the end of an indexing crank arm 22. This crank arm is journaled on a stud shaft 23 and carries a gear 24: meshing with a gear 25 carried by a stub shaft 26,'this gear being driven from a gear 27 carried by a cam shaft 28 journaled inthe frame member 10 in parallel relation to the shaft 16. At each rotation of the indexing crank arm 22 it passes between a pair of bars 20 and in its continued rotation imparts a quarter turn to the disk 19 which serves to index the turret the same amount. As inthe particular machine illustrated there are four work holders, this indexing motion serves to bring each of the work holders in succession to a predetermined angular position and in three of these angular positions there may be tools for performing certain operations on the work. At the fourth position the finished work may be removed from the work as will later more fully appear. As shown in Figure 21, the turret, besides having the end plate 1'7, has an oppositely disposed end plate 30 spaced therefrom and these end plates may be connected by spaced parallel bars 32 as shown best in Figures '7 and 16.

From Figure 21 it will be noted that. the shaft 16 terminates at the end plate 17, but in axial alinement with the shaft 16 is a rotary shaft 35 which extends through the plate 30 and has coupled thereto in driving relationship therewith a shaft 36 which extends through the end plate 5 and is suitably journaled therein as shown in Figure 4. The shaft is provided with a roller bearing 38 at its inner end adjacent to the plate or wall member 17 and roller bearing 39 in the wall member 30. A gear 40 having a hub portion 41 is keyed to the shaft 35 and is secured in position against the inner raceway member 42 of the bearing 39 as by means of a nut 43 engaging the threaded portion 44 on the shaft 35. The bearing 38 has its outer raceway member 45 seated in a plug 46 which in turn engages in a socket 47 in the end of the shaft 16 which is keyed in position as by the key 48 in its opening in the wall member 17.

Each of the work holders comprises a central tube 50, one end of which is enlarged as at 51 and has secured thereto, as by a threaded connection, the inner end of a spring collet 52. The other end of the tube is threaded for attachment of a mated threaded end of a spring collet 53. Slidable on the tube 50 is a sleeve 55 having one end formed to engage about the collet 52 and having an outer end formed beveled as at 56 to form a hood portion cooperating with a mating bevel face on the spring fingers 57 of the collet 52 so as to close the collet onto the work when the sleeve 55 is moved axially away from the turret wall 17. It will be understood, of course, that the work extends through the tube 50 and is gripped at spaced points by the collets 52 and 53. The sleeve 55 extends through and has secured thereto a sleeve 60 which is provided with an integral gear portion 61 which meshes with the gear 40 carried by the shaft 35. It also is provided with a peripheral groove 62 adjacent to the gear 61 within which may rest a shoe 63 on a slide 64, which, as shown best in Figure 7, is supported for slidable motion from the turret frame bars 32 by means of track plates 65 secured to the bars 32 and engaging in guide grooves 66 in opposite side edges of the block 64. The sleeve 60 is also provided with a tapering cam face 70 at its end remote from the gear 61 with which cooperate rollers 72 on the ends of bell crank levers 73. These bell crank levers are journaled in slots 74 of a sleeve 75 which is slidably keyed to the sleeve 55 as by the key 76. The outer end of the sleeve 75 is formed as a collet hood 77 having a tapered inner face engaging the tapered outer face of the fingers 78 of the spring collet 53, so that as the collet hood 77 is moved outwardly toward the end of the collet fingers this collet is closed upon the work. The other arms of the bell crank lever 73, preferably three of these levers being employed spaced equally about the axis of the tube 50, engage a hardened wear ring 80 seated in a reduced diameter portion 81 of the sleeve 55, so that as the levers 73 are swung upwardly by the passage of the tapering end of the sleeve 60 therebetween the sleeves 55 and 75 will move away from each other so as to close both collets 52 and 53 simultaneously on the work, this connection being in the nature of a floating connection so as to equalize the pressure on the work. When the sleeve 60 is moved to the right, as seen in Figure 21, bringing the tapering end 70 of the sleeve 60 out from between the rollers 72, a series of coil springs 85 act to pull the sleeves 55 and 75 together, thus drawing the collet hoods inwardly and releasing the spring fingers so as to release the work. These springs 85 surround screws 86 bearing between the heads 87 of these screws and posts 88 having their inner ends suitably secured, as by threading, into the sleeve 55. The inner ends of the screws 86 are threaded into suitable sockets 89 in the sleeve 75 and are secured in position therein as by the lock nuts 90. The sleeve 55 is journaled in a suitable taper bearing opening in the turret wall member 30 and the sleeve 75 is similarly journaled in the wall member 17. All the work holders comprising the tubes 50 with their collet mechanisms are rotated through their engagement through a geared connection with the gear 40 by rotation of the shaft 36, which is driven by mechanism which will later be described. Figure 7 shows the connections between the gear 40 and the several gears 61 of the four work holders. From an inspection of this figure also it will be noted that in each indexed position, one of the sliding blocks 64 is positioned so that a finger 96 carried by an actuating bar 97 is moved when each of the work holding mechanisms reaches this particular indexed position as by cams on a cam drum 98 (Figure 1) actuating a follower on a lever 99 connected to the bar 97 through the link 990 and the lever 991, to release the work when the cycle of operations has been completed thereon so that it may be removed and a blank inserted, whereupon the rod 97 is moved in the reverse direction to clamp the new work in position. The turret 15 may be locked in each indexed position as by a spring pressed locking pin 320 (Figures 16 and 17) engaging in sockets 321 in the bars 32 and retracted when the turret is to be indexed by a cam 322 on the cam shaft 28 acting through a lever 323 one end of which engages in a socket 324 in the pin 320.

Cam shaft driving mechanism As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 20, the machine may be driven by a motor 100 having a drive pulley 101 connected by a suitable belt to a pulley 102 on a jack shaft 103. This jack shaft carries a gear 104 inwardly of the pulley 102 which meshes with a gear 105 on the outer end of the shaft 36 by the rotation of which the work holders are rotated (see Figures 15 and 20) The jack shaft also carries a bevel gear 106 which meshes with a similar gear 107 (see Figures 4 and 15) on a transverse shaft 108. Within the casing 109 this shaft 108 carries a gear 110 meshing with the gear 111 forming part of a clutch mechanism 112 through which the gear 111 may drive the transverse shaft 113 when the clutch 112 is closed, at a relatively high speed. The clutch is actuated by clutch fingers 114 between which may be thrust a slidable cam collar 115 by the actuation of an arm 116 carried by a rock shaft 117. This rock shaft 117 extends outwardly of the casing 109 and carries an actuating lever 118 as shown in Figure 20. This may be actuated by hand, the lower end of the lever 118 being formed with a handle 119, and it may also be actuated automatically as through the link connection 120 with a lever 121 having a cam follower 122 at one end actuated by suitable cams 123 and 124 on a cam drum 125 carried by the camshaft 28. The lower end of the lever 121 is likewise provided with a handle for manual actuation so that the throwing of the shaft 113 into high or low speed may be actuated by hand from either side of the machine.

The low speed drive for the shaft 113 is derived from the central shaft 36. As shown in Figure 15 this shaft 36 is provided with a sprocket wheel from which a chain 136 (Figures 15 and 20) may be passed about a sprocket wheel on a shaft 137. As shown in Figure 14 this shaft 137 extends at one end into a gear casing 138 normally. closed by a cover 139 and within this casing it carries one of a pair of change'gears 140 and 141, the gear 141 being carried by a shaft 142 above and parallel to the shaft 137. By changing the relative sizes of these gears 140 and 141 the rate of low speed may be adjusted as desired. On the shaft 142 is a worm 143 which meshes with a worm wheel 144 connected through a slip joint at 145 and through an overrunning roller clutch 146 with one element 147 of a friction clutch. This clutch as shown is of the multiple disk type and has one element 148 keyed to the shaft 113. When the clutch 112 is in clutching relation the shaft 113 is driven at the high rate of speed, this shaft overrunning the relatively lower speed at which the outer member of the overrunning clutch is being driven through the rotation of the worm wheel 144, but as soon as the clutch 112 is opened the rotation of the shaft 113 is immediately slowed down as by means of a hand brake 150 which engages the clutch element 148, tothe speed of rotation of the worm gear 144 which thereupon takes up the drive through the friction clutch. This friction clutch may be moved'to clutching or unclutching condition by axial movement of a cam sleeve 151 keyed to the shaft 113 and adapted to pass between clutch actuating levers 152 to apply the clutch and to be retracted therefrom to release the clutch. By releasing both clutches 12 and 147 at opposite ends of the shaft 113 its rotation may be stopped even though the rotation of the shaft 36 be continued. The slow speed clutch may be controlled by the handle 155 (see Figure 2) or automatically from a suitable cam drum 156 on the cam shaft 28. This cam shaft 28 is driven by the shaft 113 through a worm 160 meshing with a worm wheel 161 on the cam shaft 28. I

The particular form of safety slip connection between the worm gear 144 and its clutch, as shown in Figure 4, includes mating conical faces on the worm gear and an overrunning clutch member as at 165, these being held in close engagement by springs such as 166 pressing a plate 167 against one face of the worm gear 144 in a direction to bring the faces at into close engagement. In Figure 4 a worm wheel161 is shown as secured directly to the shaft 28 but it may if desired be provided with a safety slip connection, one form of such connection being shown in Figure 19 in which inclined mating faces are formed at 170 between the worm gear 161 and a ring 171 which is axially slidable on a hub 172 and is urged into frictional engagement with the worm gear 161 by springs 173 in sockets 174 of the member 171 and engaging between this member 171 and heads on bolts 175 secured to a flange 176 on the member 172.

In Figure 18 anothertype of safety slip connection has been shown. The worm gear com prises a worm ring 180 provided in one face with a V-shaped groove 181 within which may be engaged a mating pointed edge on a ring 182. This ring 182 is keyed to a hub 183 suitably secured either directly, or through an overrun ning clutch if this is to be applied to the shaft 113, to the drive shaft, the ring 182 being pressed against the worm ring '180 which is held by a flange 184 on the sleeve 183 by an adjusting work which projects through the turret. 'ous tools which may be located in this position collar 185 having threadedengagement with a portion of the hub 183. v

The/shaft 108 hereinbefore mentioned may extend outwardly of the casing 109 and may havefixedthereon a sprocket wheel to receive the chain for driving accessories tothe operation of the machine such as lubricating or coolant pumps-as shown. I

, Tool mechanisms 4 On the bed of the machine between the frame members 4 and 5 are longitudinal slideways 200 for the reception of a tool slide 201. This tool slide 201 may carry suitable tools such as 203 and'204 as shown in Figures 10 and 11 and the longitudinal position of this slide may be controlled from suitable cams on a cam drum 205 on the cam shaft 28 through the rocking of a U- shaped actuating arm 207 (see Figure 5) vertically pivoted at 208, the lower portion of the arm having a post 209 to receive a link connection 210 (see Figure 1) to the tool slide, and the upper arm 211 of this member 207 having a cam fol lower 212 for actuation by cams on the drum 205.

There may also be tool carrier slides such as 215 and 310 slidable horizontally and laterally toward and from the work, as shown in Figure 5. The carrier-215 is actuated through link connections 217 and 2l8from a: vertically pivoted rock arm 220 carried adjacent to the upright frame member 4. This is controlled by suitable cams on a drum 216 on the cam shaft 28 through a follower 226 on a slide 227 connected to the am 220 through a link 228. This may be of the general construction illustrated in my patent hereinbefore mentioned and the inward limits of movement may be controlled for the several.

work holders independently as through the individual stops 225 on the cam drum shown in Figure 7 with its cooperating mechanism as shown in my Patent No. 1,716,503 granted June 4, 1929 for Tool stop for automatic screw machines.

. In addition to these tool mechanisms and their actuators on the right hand end of the turret, as shown in my former patents, other tool mechanism may also'be employed, such, for example, as the drill shown at 230 in Figure l rotated by a shaft 231 with which it is slidably connected, this shaft 231 being driven by a geared connection with the drive shaft .103 through the gear 232 on the shaft '103"(see' Figures 4 and l5) and the gear 234 on the shaft 231. The axial position of the drill may be controlled by suitable cams on the cam drum 235 also carried by the cam shaft 28, which acts through a lever 236 and link connection 237 through a slide 238 movable along the shaft 231.

At the first station there may be provided a work stop as is shown at 240 in Figure 5, this having a roller 241 at its outer end in position to receive a face of the work, as, for example, the gear head 250 of an automobile rear axle as shown in Figure 22. This stop 240 is positioned at the loading and unloading station so that when the finished work is positioned therein it may be removed and a new piece inserted with the back of its head 250 engaging the roller 241.

The rear face of the turret is spaced sufficient- 1y far from the standard 3 to permit the positioning of tools to work on the rear end of the Variare shown in Figures'l and'S and 9 and indicated diagrammatically in Figures 23 to 25, and tools which are 'journaled to operate at the right hand end of the turret are shown on Figures 1 and 10 to 13 inclusive.

For example, in the first station immediately under that in which the finished work is removed and the blank to be operated upon inserted at the left hand end of the turret, a pair of tools 256 and 257 are shown carried by a carrier 258 fixed to a slide 259 movable longitudinally of the axis of the turret, these tools 256 and 257 facing off the small end of the axle blank and turning a reduced extremity thereon. The slide 259 is actuated by a link 265 having pivotal connection to a U-shaped rock arm 266 having vertical pivots 267 and 268, as shown in Figure 8. The upper extension 269 of this arm 266 carries a cam follower cooperating with cams on a drum 270 carried by the cam shaft 28. A tool 260 carried by a transverse slide 261 performs the side turning operation shown in Figure 23. The slide 261 is connected to a lower rock arm 275 fixed to a vertical shaft 276, the upper end of which has an arm 277 connected through a link 278 (see Figure 2) with a slide 279 which carries a cam follower 280 cooperating with cams on a drum 281 also carried by the cam shaft 28. At this same station the opposite end portion of the Work is being operated on by the tools 285 and 286 carried by a holder 287 fixed to the longitudinal slide 201. The tool 2160 moved in from the front of the machine also is in operation at this station as is shown in Figure 23.

In the third station, which is in horizontal alinement with the second station, the lathe center drill 290 forms a bearing opening for a lathe center. This drill is carried by a drill head 291 operated through a sprocket chain connection 292 from a small motor 293, both the drill head and the motor being carried by a support 294 fixed to the slide 259. The support 294 also carries a tool 296 which moves axially with the center drill 290 and turns down a portion of the left hand end of the work further inwardly than the tool 257 operating at the second station. At this third station there is also a side turning tool 300 carried by a tool holder 301 (see Figure 9) carried by a laterally sliding carriage 302 moving in from the back of the machine mounted in ways 303 on the machine bed 1, and controlled by a vertical rock arm 297 from cams on a drum 298 through a slide and link connection similar to the control for the slide 261.

At the same time various operations are being performed on the right hand end of the work, as is illustrated in Figures 6, 10 and 24. Tools 305, 306 and 307 carried by the tool holder 203 and mounted on the longitudinal slide 201 face off the end of the work while at the same time forming tools 308 and 309 on the laterally movable slide 310 come in from the back of the machine and turn the side portions as shown in Figure 24. This slide 310 is moved by the vertical rock arm 315 actuated through a link 316 (see Figure 2) attached to a slide 317 provided with a cam follower 318 controlled by cams on a drum 319 fixed to the cam. shaft 28 in a similar manner to the control for the front slide 215 previously described.

At the fourth station which is immediately above the third station, the forming tool 320 operates on the left hand end of the work shown in Figure 25, this tool being carried by an overhead slide 325 mounted for longitudinal traverse in ways 326 on the under face of the upper frame member 10. This tool 320 may be backed up on the other side of the work by steady rest rolls 328 and 329.

At this same station three other tools are in operation at the right hand end of the work, as shown in Figure 25, a forming tool 330, a lathe center drill 230 and a necking tool 332. The forming tool 330 is carried by the holder 335 secured to the transverse slide 310. The center drill 230 and its mounting has been previously described. The necking tool 332 is shown more particularly in Figures 12 and 13. It is carried on a lever 333 fulcrumed on the pin 334 carried by a bracket 335 fixed to the under face of the frame member 10. The end of the lever 333 remote from the tool 332 is slotted as at 336 and through this slot extends a stud 337 having a nut 338 at its lower end forming a stop to limit the swing of the lever 333 in one direction and a spring 340 surrounding the stud 337 is interposed between the opposite face of the lever 333 and bracket 335, this spring tending to hold the necking tool rocked upwardly into the dotted line position shown in Figure 13. A former cam 341 having a wedge cam face 342 is fixed to the slide 310 and engages a cam follower 345 adjustably threaded into the upper face of the lever 333 so that as the carriage 310 is brought toward the work the necking tool is swung downwardly and into position to perform the necking operation illustrated in Figure 25 on the back face of the head portion 250 of the work.

While tooling for a particular set of operations has been here illustrated, it should be evident to those skilled in the art that a great variety of tool arrangements might be used, those illustrated being merely by way of example and not by way of limitations. It will also be evident that many changes and modifications might be made without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In combination, a turret having means for supporting a plurality of pieces of work extending therebeyond at opposite ends, means for grasping the work adjacent to each end, means for simultaneously opening or closing the workgrasping means, means for indexing said turret, tools for operating on the extended end portions of the work at certain of the indexed stations, and means for causing and controlling the operations of said tools.

2. In combination, a turret having means for supporting a plurality of pieces of work extending therebeyond at opposite ends, means for grasping the work adjacent to said extended ends, means for indexing said turret about its axis, means for actuating said grasping means for each work piece simultaneously, slides at both ends of said turret, certain of said slides being movable axially of said turret and certain of said slides being movable transversely thereof, tools carried by said slides, and means for moving said slides to cause said tools to operate on work when said turret is in an indexed position.

3. In combination, a bed, a frame member spaced above said bed, a turret mounted to turn on an axis substantially parallel to and between said bed and frame member, a plurality of work holders rotatably carried by said turret arranged about said axis and substantially parallel thereto for supporting work, each with its end portions projecting therebeyond, means for rotating said work'holders, means for simultaneously gripping or releasing work at points spaced therealong, tools positioned between said bed and member

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