US1983650A - Adhesive - Google Patents
Adhesive Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1983650A US1983650A US624649A US62464932A US1983650A US 1983650 A US1983650 A US 1983650A US 624649 A US624649 A US 624649A US 62464932 A US62464932 A US 62464932A US 1983650 A US1983650 A US 1983650A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gum
- adhesive
- caustic
- parts
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J193/00—Adhesives based on natural resins; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/54—Inorganic substances
Definitions
- My invention relates to adhesives and particularly to a composition of this character which is suitable for securing or gluing together portions of cartons or the like, the surfaces of which are more or less covered with printing ink, paraffine or other like greasy or waxy substances which prevent the employment of ordinary glues.
- the waterproofing composition or the printing ink contains such materials as linseed oil, lithographic varnish, tung oil, perilla oil, hemp oil, synthetic and natural gums and resins, saponifiable waxes, pigments either mineral, organic or manufactured, cobalt, lead or manganese driers, lanolin, wool grease, petrolatum, parafiine Wax, and the like, ordinary glues are useless in securing such printed or Waterproofed surfaces together. For this reason, it has been practically impossible to manufacture glued waterproof cartons of boxboard or paper, employing any of the above materials as a coating for this purpose.
- a very effective glue for this purpose can be made by combining a saponifying alkali with an adhesive substance which is not substantially saponified when so combined.
- the alkali penetrates and saponifies the ink or waterproofing and this permits the adhesive to grip the material of the carton.
- the alkali which I prefer to use is caustic potassium because it gives the best results, but it is to be understood that any other saponifying alkali, such for example as caustic sodium, caustic barium, caustic lithium, caustic caesium orcaustic rubidium will function in like manner, and for this purpose are substantially equivalents of caustic potassium. Because of the cost of caesium, rubidium and lithium, and because of the fact that caustic barium is not as soluble in water as caustic soda or caustic potash, it seems probable that commercial applications of my glue will employ either one or both of these last mentioned alkalies.
- the adhesive substance employed with the alkali be one that is not destroyed thereby.
- Animal glues, I find, are immediately saponified and rendered useless as adhesives.
- the vegetable gums such as gum-arabic, gum-senegal, gum-tragacanth and gum-lac (shellac) are either not saponified to any degree or, if saponified, nevertheless produce a very sticky glue.
- dextrinized starch may be successfully used although the glue is very dark in color and its adhesiveness is appreciably less than the gums mentioned.
- an adhesive comprising about Parts by weight Water '75 Potash 34 Powdered gum arabic 40 will be very satisfactory, but it is to be understood that the proportions of the caustic and the gum may be considerably varied without any very material disadvantage. That is to say, the caustic may vary from about 14 parts to about 45 parts by weight while the gum may vary from about 15 parts to about 60 parts by weight of the composition. This represents about the maximum, permissible range of variation. Where the proportion of gum or its equivalent is less than the minimum stated above the adhesiveness of the glue is seriously impaired, and when the proportion of alkali is less than the minimum stated above, the adhesive will not saponify a film of dried ink.
- the caustic potash and the gum-arabic or any of the equivalents above mentioned of these substances may be mixed in the desired proportions in the dry form and dissolved in Water before use to produce an adhesive of the desired consistency.
- the glue may be made by first dissolving the caustic in water and then slowly adding the gum or starch and stirring until it is dissolved.
- the quantity of water employed is, of course, substantially immaterial, and merely affects the viscosity of the adhesive.
- An adhesive containing from about 14 to about 45 parts by weight of caustic potash, as a saponifier, and from about 15 to about 60 parts by weight of gum-arabic.
- An adhesive containing from about 14 to about 45 parts by weight of caustic potash, as a saponifier, and from about 15 to about 60 parts by weight of a substance selected from the group, dextrinized starch, gum-arabic, gum-Senegal, gum-tragacanth and shellac,
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Description
Patented Dec. 11, 1934 UNITED s'rarss 1,983,650 ADHESIVE Herbert J. Wolfe, Castleton on: Hudson, N. Y., assignor to Fort Orange Paper Company, Castleton on Hudson, N. Y., acorporation of New York No Drawing. Application July 25, 1932, Serial No. 624,649
3 Claims.
My invention relates to adhesives and particularly to a composition of this character which is suitable for securing or gluing together portions of cartons or the like, the surfaces of which are more or less covered with printing ink, paraffine or other like greasy or waxy substances which prevent the employment of ordinary glues.
In the manufacture of boxboard or paper cartons, it is frequently desirable that printing ink for decorative or utilitarian purposes be employed upon the surfaces thereof, or that the material itself be coated or impregnated with some Waterproofing substance. Where the waterproofing composition or the printing ink contains such materials as linseed oil, lithographic varnish, tung oil, perilla oil, hemp oil, synthetic and natural gums and resins, saponifiable waxes, pigments either mineral, organic or manufactured, cobalt, lead or manganese driers, lanolin, wool grease, petrolatum, parafiine Wax, and the like, ordinary glues are useless in securing such printed or Waterproofed surfaces together. For this reason, it has been practically impossible to manufacture glued waterproof cartons of boxboard or paper, employing any of the above materials as a coating for this purpose.
Attempts have been made to solve the problem by incorporating in the adhesive such materials as acetic acid, acetone, alcohol, furfural, carbon tetrachloride, etc. all of which were designed to penetrate the ink film and permit the adhesive to adhere to the underlying board or paper. None of these materials produces a composition which can be successfully used because of the fact that the adhesive penetrates into the absorptive back of the board almost as soon as it is applied, leaving none to attack and grip the coating.
I have discovered that a very effective glue for this purpose can be made by combining a saponifying alkali with an adhesive substance which is not substantially saponified when so combined. The alkali penetrates and saponifies the ink or waterproofing and this permits the adhesive to grip the material of the carton.
The alkali which I prefer to use is caustic potassium because it gives the best results, but it is to be understood that any other saponifying alkali, such for example as caustic sodium, caustic barium, caustic lithium, caustic caesium orcaustic rubidium will function in like manner, and for this purpose are substantially equivalents of caustic potassium. Because of the cost of caesium, rubidium and lithium, and because of the fact that caustic barium is not as soluble in water as caustic soda or caustic potash, it seems probable that commercial applications of my glue will employ either one or both of these last mentioned alkalies.
As pointed out above, it is essential that the adhesive substance employed with the alkali be one that is not destroyed thereby. Animal glues, I find, are immediately saponified and rendered useless as adhesives. On the other hand, the vegetable gums, such as gum-arabic, gum-senegal, gum-tragacanth and gum-lac (shellac) are either not saponified to any degree or, if saponified, nevertheless produce a very sticky glue. Likewise dextrinized starch may be successfully used although the glue is very dark in color and its adhesiveness is appreciably less than the gums mentioned.
The very best results are obtained by using caustic potash.
For the ordinary requirements of the box making industry, an adhesive comprising about Parts by weight Water '75 Potash 34 Powdered gum arabic 40 will be very satisfactory, but it is to be understood that the proportions of the caustic and the gum may be considerably varied without any very material disadvantage. That is to say, the caustic may vary from about 14 parts to about 45 parts by weight while the gum may vary from about 15 parts to about 60 parts by weight of the composition. This represents about the maximum, permissible range of variation. Where the proportion of gum or its equivalent is less than the minimum stated above the adhesiveness of the glue is seriously impaired, and when the proportion of alkali is less than the minimum stated above, the adhesive will not saponify a film of dried ink.
The caustic potash and the gum-arabic or any of the equivalents above mentioned of these substances, may be mixed in the desired proportions in the dry form and dissolved in Water before use to produce an adhesive of the desired consistency. When desired, the glue may be made by first dissolving the caustic in water and then slowly adding the gum or starch and stirring until it is dissolved. The quantity of water employed is, of course, substantially immaterial, and merely affects the viscosity of the adhesive.
While my invention has been developed in and is particularly useful in the art of making paper or boxboard cartons, it is to be understood that it will be found useful wherever it is desired to glue together two surfaces either one or both of which is'covered or partially covered with printers ink or, where the material to be glued has been coated or treated with a greasy or waxy substance which prevents ordinary glues from ad hering.
WhatI claim is: n
1. An adhesive containing, as a saponifying agent, from about 14 to about 45 parts by weight of caustic alkali selected from the group: sodium, potassium, barium, lithium,
' caesium and rubidium, and, as an adhesive agent,
from about 15 to about 60 parts by weight of a substance selected from the group: dextrinized starch, gum-arabic, gum-senegal, gum tragacanth and shellac.
2. An adhesive containing from about 14 to about 45 parts by weight of caustic potash, as a saponifier, and from about 15 to about 60 parts by weight of gum-arabic.
3. An adhesive containing from about 14 to about 45 parts by weight of caustic potash, as a saponifier, and from about 15 to about 60 parts by weight of a substance selected from the group, dextrinized starch, gum-arabic, gum-Senegal, gum-tragacanth and shellac,
HERBERT J. WOLFE.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US624649A US1983650A (en) | 1932-07-25 | 1932-07-25 | Adhesive |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US624649A US1983650A (en) | 1932-07-25 | 1932-07-25 | Adhesive |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1983650A true US1983650A (en) | 1934-12-11 |
Family
ID=24502789
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US624649A Expired - Lifetime US1983650A (en) | 1932-07-25 | 1932-07-25 | Adhesive |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1983650A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2620279A (en) * | 1949-11-12 | 1952-12-02 | United States Gypsum Co | Set stabilized low consistency calcined gypsum product |
US2935956A (en) * | 1954-09-22 | 1960-05-10 | Jack F Govan | Slag control |
DE976148C (en) * | 1955-05-06 | 1963-03-28 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Adhesive synthetic resin covers on glassine and parchment papers |
US3547695A (en) * | 1968-12-19 | 1970-12-15 | Levon B Agazarian | Process for treating gum arabic |
-
1932
- 1932-07-25 US US624649A patent/US1983650A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2620279A (en) * | 1949-11-12 | 1952-12-02 | United States Gypsum Co | Set stabilized low consistency calcined gypsum product |
US2935956A (en) * | 1954-09-22 | 1960-05-10 | Jack F Govan | Slag control |
DE976148C (en) * | 1955-05-06 | 1963-03-28 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Adhesive synthetic resin covers on glassine and parchment papers |
US3547695A (en) * | 1968-12-19 | 1970-12-15 | Levon B Agazarian | Process for treating gum arabic |
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