US198340A - Improvement in apparatus for generating illuminating-gas - Google Patents
Improvement in apparatus for generating illuminating-gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US198340A US198340A US198340DA US198340A US 198340 A US198340 A US 198340A US 198340D A US198340D A US 198340DA US 198340 A US198340 A US 198340A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- retort
- gas
- oil
- retorts
- coal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 18
- 206010022000 Influenza Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 240000001178 Ficus deltoidea Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J12/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- B01J12/007—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor in the presence of catalytically active bodies, e.g. porous plates
Definitions
- Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a horizontal sectional view of the apparatus, taken through line a; m.
- Fig. 2 is a similar section taken through line 2 2.
- Fig. 3 is a front view; Fig. 4, a rear, view; and
- Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section thereof, showing the protecting-ledge.
- This invention has relation to improvements in apparatus for generating illuminating-gas from wood or coal, and for forming a chemically-fixed gas in the union therewith of the vapors of hydrocarbon oils; and the nature of my invention consists in the combination, with a coal or wood retort and a fixing-retort, of a series of connected primary retorts, through which the oil will pass on its way to the main fixing-retort for the oil, and in which it will be subjected to the action of heat, increasing progressively from the oil-induct to its educt into the fixing-retort, whereby the oil will be gradually volatilized, and, on reaching the fixing-retort, will be in proper condition for mixing with the gas generated from the coal-retort, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.
- the letters A A designate, respectively, the oil and the coal retorts, which are arranged in a bench, and separated from each other by an open-work wall, (1. 7
- These retorts will-be made of the usual materials, and will be protected from the direct action of heat by means of a horizontal wall, D, extending entirely across the furnace, and dividing it into two parts.
- E E represent lateral flues arranged at each side of the fire-chamber, on the same or nearly the same level as the grate-bars, and extendin g through the end walls of the furnace. They are closed at their front ends by means of valves or doors 6, and in rear by means of dampers f, which are adjustable, and communicate with the upper or bench chamber by means of vertical flues E formed in the furmace-walls, and extending through Wall D.
- F represents a partition in the upper chamber, made in open or mesh-like form, and supporting the primary oil-retorts t i t and the fixing-retorts j j j, the former being above the fixing-retort A and the latter above the coal or wood retort A.
- the oil is passed into the first primary retort, t, by a feed-pipe, g. It is then carried through a coupling-j oint into the second, i, thence through a coupling into the third retort, 5 passing through which, it is discharged into the oil-retort A at its front end.
- the couplings are alternately at one end of the primary retorts and at the other, after the manner of a steam-coil.
- Retort i will be arranged directly over a ledge or shelf, M, and will be shielded from the direct action of heat thereby.
- Be 1 tort i will be partly-to the extent of one-half, or thereabout-protected therefrom, and re- 't )rt i, being outside of the shelf, will be shielded not at all.
- the oil in passing through retort i will be vaporized only, in passing through retort still further advanced toward conversion into the bicarburet of hydrogen, and in retort i will reach this stage. Passing thence into retort A, it will be fixed.
- the. carburet of hydrogen will have been formed in the coal or wood retort A and fixed in the retorts j j j, and will form a chemically-fixed gas when united at the respective eduets of the oil and coal or wood retorts, before passing into the hydraulic main, where the most of the tar and ammonia are condensed.
- The. condenser and dry-lime purifiers will then relieve the enriched gas of sulphur and the remaining ammoniacal gas, as well as of the pyroligneous acid.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
3 Sheets-Sheet 1.
(J. G. BREWER. Apparatus for Generating Illuminating-Gas. N q. 198,340. Patented Dec. 18, 1877.
WITNESSES INVENTOR ATTORNEY 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 G. G. BREWER. Apparatus .for Generating Illuminating-Gas. No. 198,340. Patented Dec. 18, 1877.
l I l nun I6 WITNESSES INVENTOR ma Lr m/ ATTORNEY.
N.PETERS. PHOTGLITHOGRAPNER. WASHINGTON. D C
3 Sheets-Sheet 3.
. 0. G. BREWER. Apparatus for Generating Illuminating-Gas. No. 198,340. Patented Dec. 18,1877.
F4 4. *k w 0/ a/ a a E m m x WITNESSES {Z1 %JKWW ATTORN EY UNITED PATENT OFFICE.
' 'c AnLEs el- Bnn'wnmofirnuu YAN, New YORK.
J I'IMPRQYEMENT' lN-APPARATUS FOR GENERATlNG lLLUMlNATlNG-GAS.
, Specification forming part of Letters Patent No 198,340, dated December 18,1877; application filed 1 v October To an whom it may concern,
Be it known that I, CHARLES G. BREWER, of Penn Yan, in the county of Yatesand State of New York, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Apparatus for Generating Illuminating-Gas; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the 'constructionand operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part. of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.
Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a horizontal sectional view of the apparatus, taken through line a; m. Fig. 2 is a similar section taken through line 2 2. Fig. 3 is a front view; Fig. 4, a rear, view; and Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section thereof, showing the protecting-ledge.
This invention has relation to improvements in apparatus for generating illuminating-gas from wood or coal, and for forming a chemically-fixed gas in the union therewith of the vapors of hydrocarbon oils; and the nature of my invention consists in the combination, with a coal or wood retort and a fixing-retort, of a series of connected primary retorts, through which the oil will pass on its way to the main fixing-retort for the oil, and in which it will be subjected to the action of heat, increasing progressively from the oil-induct to its educt into the fixing-retort, whereby the oil will be gradually volatilized, and, on reaching the fixing-retort, will be in proper condition for mixing with the gas generated from the coal-retort, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.
In the annexed drawings, the letters A A designate, respectively, the oil and the coal retorts, which are arranged in a bench, and separated from each other by an open-work wall, (1. 7 These retorts will-be made of the usual materials, and will be protected from the direct action of heat by means of a horizontal wall, D, extending entirely across the furnace, and dividing it into two parts. The products of combustion pass from the furnace into a horizontal flue, a, surrounding the same, through spaced apertures 1) formed in its side walls. They are then directed to the front, and pass into a second horizontal flue, c, sur= the rear, and up a vertical flue or flues, d, into mentioned.
' Access is had to the flues a c, for the pur pose of keeping them clear of dust and cinders, through doors 0 in the front wall of the furnace. E E represent lateral flues arranged at each side of the fire-chamber, on the same or nearly the same level as the grate-bars, and extendin g through the end walls of the furnace. They are closed at their front ends by means of valves or doors 6, and in rear by means of dampers f, which are adjustable, and communicate with the upper or bench chamber by means of vertical flues E formed in the furmace-walls, and extending through Wall D.
By opening one of the dampers, cold air will be admitted into flue E, pass up flue E, and regulate or lower the temperature on one side of the retort-chamber. The effect of this arrangement is that, if the hydrocarbon gases are being generated in excess of the quantity required for sufficiently enriching the coal or wood gas, by closing the damper on the side of the oil-retort and opening the one on the side of coal or wood retort it will relieve the oil-retort, and at the same time bring up the coal or wood retorts to increased action.
F represents a partition in the upper chamber, made in open or mesh-like form, and supporting the primary oil-retorts t i t and the fixing-retorts j j j, the former being above the fixing-retort A and the latter above the coal or wood retort A. The oil is passed into the first primary retort, t, by a feed-pipe, g. It is then carried through a coupling-j oint into the second, i, thence through a coupling into the third retort, 5 passing through which, it is discharged into the oil-retort A at its front end. The couplings are alternately at one end of the primary retorts and at the other, after the manner of a steam-coil.
When the oil in retort A is volatilized and thoroughly fixed, it passes down a pipe, G, on the rear end of the retort, and, through a connection, h, mixes with the carbureted hydrogen generated by retort A and fixed in retorts j j j, thus forming a chemically-fixed gas of high candle-power.
In order to prevent the carbonization, cakrounding and outsidenof the first, thence to ing, or thickening of the oil in the primary rethe chamber containing the retorts A A above torts 6 i '5, whereby a great quantity of the illuminating property of the oil is lost and the said retorts are clogged, I have devised the following: Retort i will be arranged directly over a ledge or shelf, M, and will be shielded from the direct action of heat thereby. Be 1 tort i will be partly-to the extent of one-half, or thereabout-protected therefrom, and re- 't )rt i, being outside of the shelf, will be shielded not at all.
The oil in passing through retort i, will be vaporized only, in passing through retort still further advanced toward conversion into the bicarburet of hydrogen, and in retort i will reach this stage. Passing thence into retort A, it will be fixed. During the formation of the bicarburet of hydrogen in retort A the. carburet of hydrogen will have been formed in the coal or wood retort A and fixed in the retorts j j j, and will form a chemically-fixed gas when united at the respective eduets of the oil and coal or wood retorts, before passing into the hydraulic main, where the most of the tar and ammonia are condensed. The. condenser and dry-lime purifiers will then relieve the enriched gas of sulphur and the remaining ammoniacal gas, as well as of the pyroligneous acid.
Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. The combination of vaporizing oiLretorts i i i, fixing-retort A, connections G h, wood or coal retort A, and the combining and fixingretortsj 7, substantially as specified.
2. In combination with the retorts A A, the furnace having damper-Hues E E, provided with doors 0 e, substantially as specified.
In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two mtnesses.
CHARLES G. BREWER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US198340A true US198340A (en) | 1877-12-18 |
Family
ID=2267747
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US198340D Expired - Lifetime US198340A (en) | Improvement in apparatus for generating illuminating-gas |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US198340A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10208425B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2019-02-19 | Nike, Inc. | Method for dyeing golf balls and dyed golf balls |
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0
- US US198340D patent/US198340A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10208425B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2019-02-19 | Nike, Inc. | Method for dyeing golf balls and dyed golf balls |
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