US1983017A - Blast-furnace stove - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 4, 1934. A; BOWLAND BLAST FURNACE STOVE Filed Oct. 9, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 x x/xx/z// z//xz/z `17 5097110 ND/?EW Bo WLAND,

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patente&

Dec. 4 1934 7 i 'sT-rUn ACE S'TOVE AndrewBowland, Mount Lebanon, Ba. ApplicationOctober 9, 1933, Serial No. 692567 "11 Clairns; (c. zaa-19) This invention is an improved internalbottom construction "for supporting the checkerwork in a blast-furnace stove. It is intendedsto elirriinate` many :of the troubles usually connected with the costly andcumbersome brick, cast-iron orstee1 constructions ordinarily used for this purpose. i

Broadly` speaking, this improvedconstruction includes a supporting structure. and a plurality of units supported by this structurein a horizontal plane and which themselves support the checkerwork` so as to leave the latter's flues unobstructed. These units are each capable of i movementrin any horizontal. direction without afiecting the others or the supporting structure and collectively form a platform on which the checkerwork is .built. `Each unit is small in area as compared to that of. the checkerwork's bottom.

One advantage of the above is that theunits may be individually shifted to fit a checkerwork whose pattern or flue. spacing deviates `fromthat expected,` because of brick inaccuracies. Another` isthat bothlocalized and distributed` expansion and `contracticr' ofthe checkerwork is accommodated by the supporting units which may shift individually or `as a group' to maintain proper registration therewith. As the `units are relatively small as Compared to the checkerwork, this shifting is confined to that part of the latter which is actually expanding or contracting` without being transnitted to thelparts not moving. Further,` stresses cannot be transmitted from the checkerworkto the'structure supporting the units.

The supporting structurementioned may include vertical columns which rise from the floor "i of the stove and are provided withlsaddle members* at theirtops. Relatively short metal bars may rest in these members in end-to-end andlaterally spaced relationship with their respective cends separated sufficiently to permit individual longitudin al expansion and contraction. such movement of these metal bars is slight because of their shortness andthe fact that individual movement is not transmitted fromcne to another, due to their respectively separated positions.

Each of the unts mentioned may be a grid constructed from a few relatively short metal bars interfastened in spaced parallel relationship. The' spacing of these bars` is such that the rows of "Checker bricks may be registered 'with them `:when the checkerwork is being built, the bars being suflicientlynarrow to permit some lateral shifting of the checkerwork 'without blocking its flues'. i Longitudinal `shifting cannot, of course, cause trouble of this character. At the same time, the bars should be sufficiently wide to provide a firm central support for the rows of bricks form ing the checkerwork."

Since it` is generally desirable to produce a checkerwork having its layers laterally interlockedby arranging the bricks so they extend from one layer `to another, the bars forming the grids may be made alternately high and low. Then the registering bricks in the bottom layer of the checkerwork will be supported in a similar relationshipwhereby the desired interlocking results throughout the whole.

A specific example and modifications of the new` bottom construction are illustrated by the accompanying drawings, the various figures being as follows: i i

' Figure 1, a vertical cross-section of a side-combustion two-pass blast-furnace stove;

Figure 2, a horizontal` cross-section of this O J i Figure `3, a cross-section from the line III-III of Figure 2;

Figure 4, a cross-section showing the side of the construction shown by Figure 3; i

Figure 5, an enlarged portion taken from Figure2; i v

Figure 6, an enlarged portion of the new bottom construction as applied to a center-combustion, two-passstove, the entire structure of the stove not being shown because it isnot needed to disclose the invention; 85

Figures 7 and 8, cross-sections taken fromthe lines VII- VII and VIII--VIII in Figure 6;` Figures 9 and 10,` top and side views of a modification' of the invention as applied to a center-` pass, side-combustion stove;` and i Figures 11 and 12, top and side views of a simi-` lar modification as applied to a two-pass, centercombustion stove. i u

Referring more particularly to these drawings,

the sid'e combustion, two-pass stove illustratedby 95 Figures [through 5 includes the usual shell 1, combustion chamber 2, dome 3 and checkerwork 4.' Chimnyand burner openings 5 .and 6 are provided in the conventional manner.

The function of such a stove is sowell known as to need little discussion. Briefly a burner is fixed to the opening 6 and heats the checkerwork` 4 by way ot the chamber 2 and dome 3, the combustion products passing through the opening 5 to a chimney. When the checkerwork 4 is sufllciently heated the gas is shut ofi and the cold air to be heated is forced ,through the cold blast valve in through the bottom of the checker chamber and up through the checkerwork, by ,which the air is heated, and then passes through the dome 3 and chamber 2 to the hot blast mains.

Now the stove being described has its Checkerwork supported in the manner already described. That is to say, metal columns 7 rise from the base of the stove and have saddle members 8 at their tops. Relatively short metal bars or girders 9 rest in these members in end-to-end and laterally spaced relationship with their respective ends separated sufiiciently to permit individual expansion and contraction. In other words, the parts described provide fiat surfaces arranged in a horizontal plane, or it may also be said that the bars 9 form a horizontal platform.

It is to be noted that the bars 9 simply rest in the saddle members 8 and are notfixed in position except by the force of gravity. Each of the bars may move individually without afiecting the others, movement therefore being restricted to those bars which may happen to expand or contract due to localized heating effects.

The grids 10 rest directly on the bars 9 and in some instances on projections 1 which extend inwardly from the shell. Steel plates 11 may be placed between these projections and the grids to provide for a proper bearing, it being assumed that these projections will be formed of brick.

Now it is to be particularly noted that the grids 10 are individually small as compared to the checkerwork 4. This means that the grids are used in multiple in all directions to support the checkerwork. Further, these grids are respectively separated sufliciently to permit their individual expansion and contraction so that movement of one will not necessarily aect the others. The grids are each an integral unit and are used in multiple to support the checker so that each grid automatically adjusts itself to changes of temperature. Also, this design having each grid unit consisting usually of three to four bars, permits the latter to be placed directly under the middle of the corresponding three to four rows of checkers. Thus any Variation in the size of the checkers is not increased from grid to grid, but is taken up at each grid instead. These grids may directly support the checkerwork.

As so far described, the bottom construction is such that the load of the checkerwork is carried by the columns 7 through the bars 9 and grids 10, both the latter being capable of individual movement in horizontal directions in each instance and also respecting each other. The structure is not tied together to form an integral unit as was heretofore customary, localized heating effects in the metal bottom and the checkerwork therefore producing localized movement only and not being transmitted and magnified throughout the whole of the metal bottom structure.

It has been previously mentioned that the parts may all be made from standard rolled shapes. The drawings show this to be true, each of the columns consisting of a conventional H-beam 'T having its anges removed at its top so that short lengths of a conventional angle-bar may be welded to its web and fianges to form the saddle. A plate or slab is welded to'the bottom ends of the H-beams 'F to form column bases. The bars 9 are also standard rolled shapes of such a familiar' character as not to need comment.

To protect the columns against erosive action of the cold blast, the H-beams '7 may be each enclosed by a casing 'l consisting of a piece of steel platewrapped therearound with its abutting edges welded or otherwise interfastened. The

bottom of this casing is welded to the column and its top held steady by bars 7 which fit tightly against the column sides but are not fastened to them, which permits of expansion and contraction of the casing independent of the column.

As to the grids 10, they also are formed from standard rolled bars 10 which are parallelly arranged on their edges and interconnected by welded spacers lo In each instance these bars are suiilciently short and are grouped in such manner as to maintain the small relationship of thegrids as compared to the checkerwork. Also, the bars 10 may be alternately high and low or arranged at diifering levels so that the individual bricks & of the checkerwork may be registered therewith to produce the lateral interlooking throughout. This high and low relationship may be obtained by using bars of different widths or depths, the alternate terminology being used depending upon whether the bars are considered as rolled or as in position.

The center-combustion stove illustrated by Figures 6 through 8 has a construction similar to that already described. It is disclosed for the purpose of showing that the grids may be constructed to fit any type of stove and that the general construction as a whole is sufficiently flexible to enable its installation in the various types. Similar numerals are used, because the various parts are the same.

One feature not previously shown is the asbestos strips 10 which are interposed between the bars 10 and the bricks of the checkerwork 4. These provide a cushioning effect and eliminate the undesirable efiects sometimes resulting from rough-bottomed bricks. Any of the constructions disclosed may include such asbestos strips.

Figures 9 and 10 show a modification of the invention as applied to a side-combustion stove. The chief difference between this and the constructions already described is theuse of diagonally arranged bars 12 on which the bricks of the checkerwork are laid. This construction may prove advantageous in that it is possible to thereby vary the character of a checkerwork by laying up its bricks in a different pattern.

A further feature of this modification is the lengths of fiat bar 11 which are interposed between the tops of the bars 9 and the grids. This provides an increased hearing surface and may be desirable in some instances. Also, the angles 8 have somewhat shorter upstanding portions than has been previously shown, the bars 9 being interconnected by spacers 9 to secure a more stable construction. It is obvious that the individualbars forming the grids 10 may be all of equal widths or depths and the diagonal bars 12 provided in alternating widths or depths to secure the interlocked checkerwork usually desired.

The center-combustion stove shown by Figures 11 and 12 is particularly distinguished in that bars 13 are arranged radially on the projections 1 and therefore do not require the columns previously described. These bars may be interfastened by spacers 13. Then bars 14 are arranged over the supporting bars 13, the checkerwork being built directly on the former which may be of difierent sizes to provide the different levels.

It is to be appreciated in all of the various constructions disclosed, that it is necessary to construct the various elements from differently lengthed bars to accommodate the different sec- 150 tions of the stove, it being kept in mind that the different types naturally have different shapes.

I claim:

1. A blast-furnace stove having an internal bottom Construction including the combination of a supporting structure, a plurality of horizontal metal bars supported by said structure in spaced parallel relationship, asbestos strips laid on said metal bars and a checkerwork supported by said metal bars and with its individual bricks registering therewith and. resting on said asbestos strips.

2. An internal bottom Construction for a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of laterally spaced bars arranged above the base of such a stove and carrying a plurality of checkerworksupporting bars, the latter being freely positionable on the first named bars so that they can be moved to accommodate the flues oi a checkerwork being built thereon and being in all instances transversely arranged respecting the first named bars.

3. An internal bottom construction ior a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of laterally spaced bars arranged above the base of such a stove and carrying a plurality of checkerworksupporting bars, the latter all being slidably arranged transversely on the first named bars and all being relatively short as compared to the maximum unbroken lateral extent of the checkerwork which they are intended to support.

4. An internal bottom construction for a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of laterally spaced bars arranged above the base of such a stove and transversely carrying a plurality of checkerwork-supporting bars that are laterally slidable thereon, the second named bars being characterized in that alternate ones are of greater Widths than the others and in that they are all arranged on their edges so that alternate rows of the individual bricks of a checlerwork built thereon will be vertically offset from those in other rows.

5. An internal bottom Construction for a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of laterally spaced bars arranged above the base of such a stove and transversely carrying a plurality of checkerwork-supporting bars that are laterally slidable thereon, the second named bars being characterized in that their upper surfaces are suificiently narrow so that when in registration with the individual bricksoi a checkerwork built thereon they will not block any of its fiues should some shiiting of the same occur.

6. An internal bottom construction for a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of laterally spaced bars arranged above the base of such a stove and carrying checkerwork-supportng grids, the latter each consisting of a. plurality of bars parallelly interconnected by spacers that are proportioned to space them so that the individual bricks of the checkerwork to be supported may be registered therewith, said grids being freely positionable on the first named bars so that they may be laterally shiited to accommodate the pattern of said checkerwork and being in all instances transversely arranged respecting the first named bars. l

7. An internal bottom construction for a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of laterally spaced bars arranged above the base of such a stove and carrying checkerwork-supportng grids, the latter each consisting of a few bars that are relatively short as compared to the maximum unbroken lateral extent of the checkerwork to be supported thereby and which are parallelly interconnected by spacers that are proportioned to space them so that the individual bricks of said checkerwork can be registered therewith, said grids being freely positionable on the first named bars whereby they may be individually laterally shifted to accommodate the pattern of said checkerwork and being in all instances transversely arranged on the first named bars.

8. An internal bottom Construction for a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of laterally spaced parallel bars arranged above the base of such a stove and carrying a plurality oi checkerwork-supporting grids, the latter each consisting of a few parallel bars that are relatively short as compared to the maximum unbroken lateral extent of the checkerwork to be supported thereby and of which alternate ones are wider than the others, these bars 'being all arranged on their edges' and interconnected by spacers proportioned to space them so that the individual bricks of said checkerwork may be registered therewith and having upper surfaces that are sufficiently narrow respecting said bricks that slight lateral shifting of said checkers Will not cause its flues to be blocked thereby, said grids being freely positionable on the first named bars whereby they may be individually moved to accommodate the pattern oi said checkerwork and being in all instances arranged on the first named bars so that the said interconnected bars of which they consist are transversely associated therewith.

9. An internal bottom Construction or a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of laterally spaced bars arranged above the base of such a stove and carrying a plurality of checkerwork supporting grids having checkerwork flue openings; said grids being characterized in that they are constructed so that non-registration of said openings with the flues of a checkerwork in one direction is immaterial in that said fiues cannot be thereby blocked and in that they are freely positionable on the first named bars so that they may be moved therealong at right angles to said direction to bring their said openings into position for registration with the fiues of said checkerwork.

10. An internal bottom construction for a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of spaced columns upstanding from the base of such a stove, said columns consisting of H-beams having their fianges removed at their tops and short lengths of angle-bars welded to their webs and the terminating portions of their flanges, and flat bars arranged with their ends between the webs of said H-beams and said lengths of angle-bars welded theretc and with their edges resting on said anglebars.

11. An internal bottom Construction for a blastfurnace stove, including a plurality of spaced columns upstanding from the base of such a stove, said columns consisting of H -beams having their flanges removed at their tops and short lengths of angle-bars welded to their webs and the terminating portions of their flanges, and fiat bars arranged with their ends between the webs of said H-beams and said lengths of angle-bars welded thereto and with their edges resting on said angle-bars, said H-beams being encased in steel plates which are wrapped there-around with their adjacent edges interconnected in each in stance, said plates being capable of individual expansion and contraction respecting said H- beams.

ANDREW BOWLAND.

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