US1975791A

US1975791A - Typewriter actuator

Info

Publication number: US1975791A
Application number: US260341A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hopkins Edwin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1928-03-09
Filing date: 1928-03-09
Publication date: 1934-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 1951-10-09

Description

ct- 9 1934- E. HOPKINS TYPEWRITER ACTUATOR Filed March 9, 1928 Oct. 9, 1934. E. HOPKINS 'TYPEWRTER ACTUATOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 9, 1928 m S E E...

.i Y INVENTOR @et 9, w34. E. HOPKINS TYPEWRITER ACTUATR Filed March 9, v1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 fis Patented Oct. 9, 1934 UNITED STA-'rss PATE-Nr OFFICE s mEwnrrl-:n Ac'rUA'ron" Edwin Hopkins;

Application March 9,

18 Claims.

My invention chiefly relates to ah actuator or mechanism designed to operate a typewriter automatically in repeating the same typewritten matter a number of times. I

I provide means connected with the typewriter for making, automatically, as the typewriter is A operated manually, a strip record in the form of a six unit perforated code strip of the typewritten matter as itis ilrst written, and means forcausing the typewriter, later, to be actuated through the instrumentality ofv the six' unit code strip, in reproducing, key by key, its original action and thus a duplicateof the original .typewrltten matter.

Means are also provided, which is an advantage of my invention, for effecting the duplication of the six unit code strip itself, automatically, during the automatic operation oi the typewriter by the original six unit code strip.

Customarily in theluse of my actuators letters will be addressed on the typewriter manually and the actuator then will be turned on to cause the typewriter to write the body of the letter. My apparatus enables a code strip to be made of the 'successive addresses separately from the body of the letter. written there will be a code strip suitable for addressing the 'envelopes automatically.

Further features oi'my invention will be set .forth hereinafter.

, In carrying out niyinvention I iind it desirable to employthe herein described apparatus, ma-

chines and manufactures, but it is to be understood that in carrying out the objects c f my invention, less than all of the diierent means, mechanisms and manufactures herein described may be employed for some uses, orparts only may b'e employed for some uses, or parts only may be employed, or other mechanisms and manufacjtures similar may be substituted, and while the preferred forms embodying my invention are Y shown, it is to be understood that many structural details may be varied and many changes in details and steps resorted to, without departing -from the scope and spirit of' my invention, nor do I limit myself toi the speciiic devices, ma-

chines and manufactures shown, although'I- bei lieve` them especially suited .to the ends to be attained by my invention. The'accompanying drawings-are largely 'diagrammatical and are nottobe considered as working drawings, but merely as illustrations of the principles oi'the invention. Many Darts are omitted from particular iigures, and in particular Thus after a number of letters are A New York, Y.

1928, LSel'll Ni). 260,341 (ci. 19tzei lineslinFig's.4,6and12.

Fig. 2 is a plan of a portion of the mechanism for starting and stopping the apparatus, andthe carriage return of the typewriter.

' Fig. 3 is a 'sectional end elevation of another portion oi.' the same, taken online 3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a transverse section of a portion' of the electrical mechanism for making the code strip,

takenonline4oiFig.5.-

Fig. 5 is a* side elevation of the same. Fig. 6 is a longitudinalvertical section of the actuator taken on lines 6 of Figs. 1 and 12.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail of a portion oi 'the actuator shown in Fig. 6; i l

Fig. 8 is -a front elevation of a portion of the actuator showing method ofattachment to type- 'writer and connection withty'pe'writer carriage. Fig. 9 is a sectional plan of 'a typical portion oi' the actuator.

Fig. 10 is a diagram of 'c am` successions and phases.

. the same, taken on line 15 of Fig. 14.

corresponding Fig. 1 is a sectional plan inplanesindicated v elevation ofh'the same i Fig. 11 is a portion of the six unit code strip.:

The mechanism functions by means of the six 'i unit code strip being advan ed step by step vfrom tures to the next.. 'At each step a bank\'.oi' se-` that location. so accepted determine themovem'ent ofv an' equal number of corresponding differentially slotted permutation bars. When-thereby aligned the permutation bass permit the passage oi a single onef. abank o! interposercross" ,barsj having differentially placed projections functionally re'-- lated tothe slots of the permutation'bars. The

end ot the activatedinterposer cross bari-conicaq r into the pathof .a universal camawhich v'presses it against onefoi abankr of U-,crank le'verswhich writer key corresponding to the U-crank. Mean-y the :IunctionsV of the mechanism.

A typewriter of any usual make is indicated fin plan at 16 attached 'tomyfinvention by any,

communicatesthe motion ofthe cam to-th'e type,-

while, the code strip is being advanced tor a new 21.5 selection of peckers, there bein'gan overlap in vze In Fig. 8 a front elevation of a typewriter carriage is shown, with carriage 19 and post 20 to which portions of my apparatus are attached.

Referring to Fig. 1, universal driving cam 21 vertically placed is driven by any convenient source of power applied to shaft 23. Such source of power may be an electric motor not shown placed on ledge 22, shown 'broken off, and in communication .with shaft 23 through a belt or otherwise. Shaft 23 is connected through bevel gears 24-25 to shaft 26 carrying cam 21. Shaft 26 is journaled in lug 27 extending from the rear side 28 of the frame-cover and in bottom plate 29 of such frame-cover. Through bevel gears 30-31 it drives horizontally placed shaft 32, journalled in lugs 33-34.

Shaft 32 through bevel gears 35--36 drives vertical shaft 37, journalled in lugs 38-39, which in turn, through bevel gears 40-41 drives horizontally placed shaft 42, journalled in lug 43 and upright 44, and also horizontally placed shaft 45 through bevel gears 46-47, shaft 45 being journalled in lugr 48 and upright 44.

Shaft 32 through bevel gears 49-50 drives horizontally placed shaft 51, journalled in lugs 52-53. Shaft 51 through bevel gears 54-55 'drives vertically placed shaft 56, journalled in bottom plate 29 and lug 57.

Power shaft 23 carries a slidably mounted clutch 58 adapted to mesh with clutch portion 59 of bevel gear 24, which bevel gear rotates loosely on shaft 23. Clutch 58 is rotated with shaft 23 by slidable spline connection with channel 66 of shaft 23.

Clutch 58 is operated by bell crank lever 61 having arms 62-63 which' engage annular projection 64 of clutch 58. When clutch 58 is in the neutral position as seen in Fig. 2 and out of connection with 24-59 the whole mechanism comes to rest. This may be effected manually by handle 65 operating T-crank lever 66, which has an upwardly extending projection 67 which carries lever 61 along with it.

Levers

61 and 66 are piv- ALever 66 is stopped by stop 71. These levers arealso operated automatically as will be hereinafter described.

Clutch member 72 is rotatably mounted on shaft 23, and through bevel gear portion 73 and gear 74A drives shaft 75 journalled in lug 76 and frame 77. When clutch 58 vpasses the-neutral point as seen in Fig. 2 it engages clutch member 72. and drivessliaft 75. This shaft functions to return the typewriter carriage to th'e beginning.= of-the-line position, while the rest of the actuator is idle.

As illustrated in Fig. 12, shaft 42 'carries universal camv 78 rotating vcounter-clockwise and shaft 45 carries individual cam 79 and universal cam 80l rotating counterclockvn'se. Cam 80 operates the selector peckers 81, 82, 83, 84, and 86 mounted on shaft 87 and drawn towards the code strip feed roller bysprings 88, one for each pecker, from lugs 89 when permitted to do so by the universal cam in contact with the lower end of the pecker levers.v

convenient means, as screws 17 through side bar 18'of the typewriter as seen in Fig. 1.

Six unit code strip 90 has six rows of holes in six files, 91 to 96, the holes in the ranks abreast being differentially placed, varying in combinations from one vto six, and in addition a middle row of feed holes 97. Code strip 90 is carried on feed roller 98, mounted to rotate on shaft 99. It has peripheral projections as 100 to engage the center file of holes 97 of code strip 90. Six peripheral channels 101 in feed roller 98 enable the peckers to pass through the holes in the code strip when they nd them.

Code feed roller 98 has ratchet teeth 102. Cam follower 103, controlled by individual cam 79 is hinged at lug 104 and carries driving pawl 105, which is drawn upwardly by spring 106. When permitted by cam 79 spring 106 drives pawl 105 which rotates feed roller 98 one ratchet tooth step. After the spring does this work the pawl is retracted by cam 79. Feed roller 98 carries brake ratchet 107, into which'holder brake wheel 10,8 fits. Wheel 108 is journalled on the end of leaf spring 109, which is attached to Wall 110 and adjusted bythumb screws 111-112 and hold er 113. In the attitude shown in Fig. 12 the roller 98 is approaching the midway point of a4 feed stroke. On going a little further the wheel 108 will descend into`a notch in 107 and hold roller 98 in a braked attitude while 105 begins to retract. Code strip 90 runs upward in channel 114 between wall 110 and wall 115 and over the roller 98 and down on the outside. In operation code strip 904 is usually arranged as an endless belt so that the same subject matter may be repeatedl over and over again every time the belt returns.

To put the code strip belt in` position door 116 is opened. It swings on spindle 117 in lugs of frame 118 and at 119 serves as an additional support for shaft 99. Y

'Immediately upon roller 98 coming to a stop, cam 80 permits peckers 81 to 86 inclusive to be drawn against the code strip by springs 88. Some of the peckers will find lioles and enter `while others will 11nd no holes and be unable to enter. The other ends of peckers 81-86 are tted with ratchets 119, which lift upwards upon the risingv of points 120 of permutation bars 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126 which work up and down in

guides

127 and 128, guides 127 having stops 127'. Ratchets 119 support the permutation bars-and prevent them from being drawn down in the cases-of such peckers as do not find holes in the code strip. When the peckers move against the code strip all those that find holes are drawn by springs 88 far enough to the right to escape points 120 of the permutation bars when the latter descend.

Permutation bars 121 to 126 inclusive each carry a cam follower as 129, resting on universal cam 78. Springs 130, one to each' permutation bar, tend to draw the permutation bars down at allftimes. 'I'hepermutation bars that camot escape the lends of pecker ratchets 119 remain resting against these ratchets drawn by springs 130. The others. descend'the proper distance meeting a stop at 127. 1

, The permutation bars have slots differentially placed, as 131. The lowering of one or more permutation bars serves to align certain slots functionally with the interposed cross bars and their barbs, so that a single interposed cross bar is allowed to function, the others beingretained in their original positions. Inthe drawings the second permutation bar, 122, is' indicated as the only one down, while the peckers have retracted and one interposer cross bar is in working position. The peckers are idle and the' permutation bars are idle while the roller 98 is moving the' code strip to the ensuing position o r stage.

Ratchet 132 of pecker 82 is indicated as having been forced upwardsince-on its retraction it does not strike under point 120 of its permutation bar. When the permutation bar retracts upwards the ratchet 119 will-be still further forced upward until the point 120 passes it and the ratchet snaps back into 'normal position. lThese pecker ratchets enable a considerable overlap in functions to take place between the roller 98 action and the striking of the typewriter key. A portion of bar 122 is omitted at the upper end in the drawing for the sake of clearness.

Functioning in relation tothe permutation bars is a bank of interposer cross bars, one for each individual guides may be inserted between them like 'the teeth of a comb. y

InV Fig. 1 typical interposers are seen in plan,

y137 and 138. interposer 137 indicates the idle position corresponding to bars 121 to 126 not including 122 while interposer 138 indicates the working position to correspond to bar 122.

The interposer cross bars carry barbs or prongs f as 139, differentially selected in such vrelation to the permutation bar slots that any particular alignment of the permutation bars will allow only one interposer to function. However, when there are six holes abreast on the code strip no interposer can pass. This is to provide for corrections on the code strip, as if a wrong combination of holes is punched, others may be added to make up six and the actuator will then idle as the six signal passes the peckers. Suche. rank is indicated at 140 Fig. 11.

The interposers work in' guides 141 and 142,

common to all,at their rear ends and at 143 near their work ends. -Each interposer has a prong as 143 or 144, the prongs being placed on alternate interposers in the two positions',` to allow room for two banks of springs, 145 and 146 attached to

posts

147 and 148. The springs are arranged in the two banks to afford greater clearance. Springs 145, 146 always tend'to draw their interposers into the working position. When idle this is prevented by barrier or-retractor armv 149, which is hinged at 150-151 in lugs 152,l53 and 154-155. Universal retractor arm 149 is normally drawnto the right by two strong springs 156, `which are strong'enough to overcome all the springs in banks 145 and 146. Retractor arm 149 is shown in Fig. 1 in working position bearing against prong 157 of interposer 138. The other interposers are kept from advancing. to the working position bytheir prongs 139 resting against one Aor more of the permutation bars 121-126 on shoulders between slots. l

Cams

158 and 159 of similar contour are fixed to shaft 56 Fig. 12 journalledin lugs 57 and base 29. Retractor arm 149 and retractor arm160 are connected by universal cross bar161, all acting as a unit.v Cross bar 16l1bears against all prongs 157r whenv in the ide position and holds `them allidle. .When cams 158 and 159r`otate they movearms 149 and 160by projections 162 `in opposition to springs 156. Were the interposers not restrained by the permutation bars all would then move into the working position, but as only one interposer can get through at a time, its spring 145 or 146 will draw it Iinto working position on the relief of the cross bar 161 by cams 158- 159 and arms 149-160. After the `work is performed y cams 158-159 rotate further,

arms

149 and 160 are drawn to the right by springs 156 and cross bar 161 draws the interposer back fromlits workingposition, which enables the permutation bars to have a clear retraction pathway.

, Interposers have common slots 163 in their rear ends through which upright stop rod 164, universal to all, extends, preventing them from moving too farin either direction. On the retract stroke bevel ends 165 of interposers strike bevel 166 of guide 142, thus being guided into the idle position between guides 141 and 142. Universal` When this' has occurred, cam 78 lifts thepermutation bars into then idle position, which could not be done.

before a their alignment had to be preserved to enable the interposer to retract. i

Main working stroke cam 21 has a valley of almost 180 degrees. Before the work peak is passed the roller 98 has begun to feed. After the work peak is passed the interposer is retracted, the j permutation bars then retract, the feed pawl for 98 stops, the peckers make a fresh selection,

the permutation bars fall 'and a new interposer advances. 7 Each typewriter key and other typewriter function is represented by a U-shaped crank lever Fig. 1. These levers are arranged in two banks or stacks. One being 'further away is made larger to provide equal amplitudeof movement with the other. The smaller cranks 171 are pivoted nearer the cam 21 and the larger cranks 172 are pivoted further away, but their. power receiving ends interlard alternately in the same. vertical line. at 173 Fig. 6 at the top for'certain functions requiring greater power than the key strokes. rIfhe normal cranks are indicated-at 174 at the topand 175 at the bottom, being broken away in the drawing to enable the illustra/tion of cam 21 at 176. For the sakel of clearness only representative members .are indicated in this portionof th drawings. i

In Fig. 9 the idle position of the U-crank levers is shown. In Fig. 1 both the smaller and larger U-cranks are shown in/ the work position for purposes of comparative illustration. In operation only one at a time would be lin the operative position.

'Ihe -Ucranks aremounted in lug 177, the

larger cranks being pivoted on rod 173. Lug 177 has arm 179 and the smaller U-cranks are carried by it'pivoted on rod 180? The free ends 181 Somewhat heavier U-cranks are indicated `and 281 of the cranks are V thinner than the main y body of the cranks and sandwich between each other so that there is 'alternately a free end of the larger crank and a free. end of the smaller i crank, all aligned in a-bankfl As indicatedin Fig.

the'other portions ofthe cranks to be double the y thickness of the free ends.

When an interposer comesinto working position as 137, it moves on a dotted line 182,'in which IAL? -the U-cranks,

Rods 192 and 193 are of the common type 184.4

position it remains until the cam 21 presses it into the position shown by 138 in Fig. 1. As this takes place its pressure on the corresponding U-crank drives the U-erank back. U-crank arm 183 isbifurcated to receive type bar rods 184, held in place by curved-outline'knobs 185 on ends of rods 184. Rods 184 being drawn to the right, pull arms 186 affixed to spindles as 187, thus rotating the Aspindle through a portion of a revolution. The

connection of 184 with arms 186 is such that spindles 187 may partly rotate when the typewriter isv manually operated without forcing rods 184 to the right.

The peak of cam 21 passes slightly before the typewriter key hits the paper as it acquires a certain momentum and does not need' to be driven all the way to the end by the cam. The spindles are arranged in five vertical rows, 187, 188, 189, 190 and 191, one above the other to the number of typewriter keys in the corresponding rank. The ranks of spindles are of different lengths, rank lfor rank, the ones nearest the U-cranks being the shortest to enable rods 184 to pass to all spindle 'arms without interference. Thus rods 184 have inclinations in and out and up and down as the case may be. They are slightly bent where they pass to the U-cranks in order to be in line with 192 operates the top spindle in row 191 which causes the space bar 195 of the typewriter to function. Arms 194 are attached to the spindles at suitable points under the respective keys to which vthey are connected by links 196, holes being bored in the lower parts of the key levers to enable this to be done. The links are of varying lengths corresponding to the distances betweenl the key levers and the corresponding spindles. 'The connection of link to key bar is indicated at 199 Fig. 1. All links 196 and arms 194 are positively connected so that the manual operation of the typewriter causes spindles 187 to 191 to be partly rotated. One side of the link may be a leaf spring to enable detachment and attachment to be readily'made.

Rod 193 i`s shown in operative position causing functioning of arm 186, spindle as 188, arm 194,

. link 196 and typewriter key 197.

Springs at 198 act in opposition to the pull of the U-cranks and restore rods 184 to normal after the work stroke.

The lower eight spindles of row 191 are each operated by a special manual key, three, 200, 201

represented onthe typewriter key board, and

" are for the purpose of making the code `strip, as

hereinafter described.

These special keys are mounted on rods as 208.A

which connect positively with arms as 209 and are retracted as by springs 210,' rods 208 being so'bent as to clear each other.

actuator, for automatic carriage return and for capitalization and decapitalization is indicated. y

in Figs. 1,2, 3, 6, 8 and 9.

in thercode'strip. Stopping is effected by such a code signal eventuating in the operation of U- crank 173 having a special rod, 220,'connecting with lever-221 pivoted in lug 222 of the front plate and operating to push end 223 of T-crank lever 66, previously described. This throws over lever 61 and clutch 64-58 out of engagement with 59.v Just as the clutches are about to be disengaged spring 69 is` carried across the critical line and then carries lever 66 further until it meets stop 71. .This critical spring action frees the clutches which would otherwise fall in and out of engagement and chatter.

Critical spring 68 of lever.61, however, has not been carried across lthe critical line and tends to oppose spring 69 but is overbalancxed by 69. 'I'he actuator'may also be stopped manually by lever 65, or vby cutting oif the power driving master shaft 23, either before or after the function of 66.

Carriage return is effected by a code signal which eventuates in the action of U-crank connecting rod 224 which pulls lever 225 journalled in frame 222. 'I'his throws over arm 226 of lever 61 to the left as seen in 1 far enoughY to cause critical spring 68 to pass its critical line and disengage clutches 58-59 and throw into engagement clutches 58 and 72, which starts the rotation of shaft and allows the .rest of the mechanism to stop, leaving lever 66 unaffected.

Shaft 75 Fig. 3 carries drum 227 with side plates 228-229 and` tape or ribbon 230. Normally, drum 227 turns loosely andi tape 230, which is attached to the carriage line spacing and carriage return lever at 231 Fig. 8 `is unwound as the line is typed. When shaft 75 is rotated to return the carriage it effectsI a line spacing and the carriage return through ordinary typewriter lever 232 customarily provided for that double purpose.

Tape 230 passes through an aperture 233 in top of frame plate 234, and through a slot 235 in bell crank lever 236 pivoted to lugs 237, its lower arm 238 bearing against arm 226 of lever 61. Tape 230 carries a stop, 239, so placed that when the typewriter carriage has been fullyreturned stop 239 strikes bell crank lever 236 which in turn throws lever 61 tothe right as seen in Fig. 1, until the critical point of spring 68 is reached,` clutch 72-58 disengaged and clutch members 58--59 re-engaged, which completes the carriage return function and restarts the .re-

mainder of the apparatus.

Angle arm 240 vFig'. 8 attached to th typewriter at 20 journals roller 241 which carries tape 230. Roller 241 is placed at such a distance from the typewriter that there is room enough to allow lio the typewriter carriage to be retracted toits initial position.

Capitalization and decapitalizationfare effected in `a special manner, las illustrated in Fig. 9. A

` customary code signal is used for capitalization which eventuates in the. action of a special U- crank as 242, which carries ratchet pawl 243, and a customary rod 184. Upon the capitalization function of shifting the typewriter carriage from lower case to upper case lettersocjcurring, pawl 243 engages ratchet 244 pivoted in lugs 245 held normally against stop 246 by spring 247. The The apparatus for automatically stopping the *f electrical contacts shown are not involved in this function but are for another purpose hereinafter described.

When U-crank 243 is thus held by ratchet 244 the typewriter carriage is held in the upper case or capitalizing position indefinitely for one or more capitals. When decapitalization is desired a new code signal to that eiect eventuates in the functioning of special U-crank 248, which does not connect with the typewriter, but has a rod 249 with spring 250 holding 248 normally at rest.

When 248 functions it drives ratchet 244 back and releases U-crank 243, allowing the typewriter of the three heavy cranks at 173. However, U-

crank 248. may be placed wherever convenient, being reachable by s uitable bends in rod 249.

To effect line spacing it is first necessary to block the carriage, wherever it may be, and then set the carriage return mechanism into action. The carriage block prevents any return of the carriagey forcing the action to effect the spacing, after which the carriage block may be released.

A set of two U-cranks and ratchets similar to 242-244-248 are'used but without any rods as 184 leading to the typewriter. Spring leaf electrical contact 251 is added. A code vsignal causes U-crank 242 to function. It is locked up by ratchet 244, which at the same time makes and holds electrical contact 251. Current from any suitable source is thus supplied to magnet 252, of Fig. 6. Magnet 252 has armature 253 attached to lever 254 pivoted in swinging holder 255, lifted away from magnet 252 by spring 256. Lever 254 has short arm 257 which stops against a stop consisting of standard 258 with which arm 257 does not contact, but which carries platform 259 with which 257 contacts and along which it may slide. Swinging holder 255 is pivoted to lugs 260 and carries lever 261. Spring 262 tends to draw swing-1 ing holder 255 and levers 254 and 261 to the lei't as seen in Fig. 6.

Lever 254 carries at its left hand end worm follower projection 263, which is adapted to mesh with worm 264 in shaft 75. Lever 261 has on its left end a slot 265 which engages with a pin 266 in a projection 267 of bell crank 236. When it is desired to stop or block the typewriter carriage suitable code signal effects an electrical contact 1 at 251. Magnet 252 is thus energized and pulls lever 254 down, whereupon worm follower 263 enters worm 264 in shaft which is at this moment idle. Simultaneously electrical, contact 251 effects through parallel connection the locking of the typewriter carriage. It energizes magnet 268 Fig. 8 on lug 274, having armature 269 afxed to bell crank lever 270. The pull of the magnet is opposed by spring 271. Attached to the carriage of the typewriter also, is a new member, of my invention, ratchet rack 272, with a tooth for each letter space. When magnet 268 is energized tooth 273 of bell crank lever 270 enters a tooth of ratchet rack 272 and locks the carriage in whatever position it may then be in.

The next code signal is one which will cause the -regular carriage return to function through tape 230. But as'the carriage is now locked only the line spacing function willl occur. Mean- 'while shaft 75 is turning and driving leverv254 to the right. 'I'his causes lever 261 to move to 'the right following swinging holder 255. This presently pulls bell crank lever 236 to the right, effecting the function usually perfumed by stop 239 of tape 230. vThis disengages shaft 75 which comes to rest while the remainder of the actuator begins ,to operate again, the carriage, however, still being locked by magnet 268.- The next code signal `operates U-crank 248 which unlocks ratchet 244 and breaks electrical contacts at 251. This simultaneously releases magnet 268 and leaves the carriage free to move and releases magnet 252 which permits worm follower 263 to be lifted out of worm 264 and permits spring 262 to draw swinging arm holder 255 to the left, positioning levers 254 and 261 for a new operation. Spring 275 in tap 230 and an excess of worm track in shaft 75 with suitable play in slot 265 of lever 261 provide clearance for these various functions.

Electrical leaf springs-contact 276 is mounted ori standard 278. Electrical contact is made when prong 277 of U-crank 248 strikes Ait upon operation of the U-crank. Similarly electric contact 279 is made when U-crank 242 functions through ratchet contacter 280. The end 281 of U-crank 248 is in the same position .as 242 butv just below it. The purpose of electricalcontacts 276 and 279 is to make code signals in the duplicate code strip automatically during automatic operation of the actuator as described later.

Fig. 7 shows the construction of the U-cranks and their assembly as seen at 174 in Fig. 6.

Figs. l, 4, 5, 6 and 8 and Fig. 12 show portions of an ordinary typewriter to which my invention is attached.-

Keys 282, key levers 283, key board frame side bars 284 and 285, front bar 286,

uprights

287, 288 and 289, side bar 18, cross barll, screws 17, and

feet

290, 291 and 292 are indicated. My invention supplies lugs 293- upon which the typewriter feet rest and to which they are affixed by screws 294 whereupon the lugs may function as feet for the whole apparatus.

Fig. 10 isa diagram of cam phases, sequences and attitudes. The heavy lines indicate movements of cam followers and the thin lines idle phases. A heavy line on the outside of the thin line position indicates a work stroke and a heavy line inside the thin line position is the retract stroke.

The diagram represents the code strip feed by inner circle 295. The next circle 296 represents the peckers, the middle circle 297 the permutation bars, the next 298 the interposers and the outer circle 299 the universal work stroke cam 21. Considering the start to be on the horizontal line 300 at the right side and proceeding counterclockwise, the functions are as follows: The code strip feed 295 begins about the middle of the work stroke of 299 of cam 21. The interposer 298, retract begins about 90 degrees later at the end of the work stroke or peak of 299. At the end of the interposer retract the permutation bar 297 retract begins. It ends coincidentally with the end of the code strip feed work stroke. Then theA pecker 296 work stroke begins simultaneously with the beginning of the code feed strip retract. At the conclusion of the pecker work stroke the permutation bar 297 work stroke begins. This is succeeded by interposer 298 work stroke. At its conclusion comes the pecker retract and the beginning of the main work stroke of cam 21 shortly after followed by the idle portion of the codefeed, while the pecker retract continues for about 90 degrees. It is obvious that there is considerable overlap. During the stroke of the typewriter keys most of the pecker retract and code strip feed take place.

If desired the code strip may bemechanically code strip between the regular feedY and the intermittent feed of roller 98.

In Fig. 1 lugs 322 and 323 serve as holders for Y' or other matter to be interpolated between porl tions of the matter'of the main code strip. At theconclusion of or during the operation of the main code strip a code signal on it would stop it and cause the functioning of apparatus to` push the new code strip and roller into the position in front of the peckers. The machine would then write the address or interpolated matter and supply a code signal to throw it out of operation and into its initial position, returning the main code strip. roller and stripv to the working position automatically, the whole of both hanging code strips thus being moved back and forth. This would require additional U-'cranks for two new shifting functions with switching apparatus similar to that :shown for line spacing 252-266 of Fig. 6, or this shifting could be done manually.

Or a new set of peckers could be supplied to be presented to the supplementary code strip from time to time for supplementary matter, automatically being switched in and out.

Cam 21 could be arranged to work like cam 158 and levers 14S-160, operating on the U-cranks as 149 does on 156, if desired,.to avoid friction on pointslat ends of 138 and 170 of interposers Where they rub against the main cam 21.

The mechanism for making the original and duplicate code strips is indicated in the main in Figs. 13, 14 and 15 while portions are shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5. i

The upper part of Fig. 1 is a sectional plan on line 1 of Fig. 4. the portion of the apparatus for effecting electrical contacts for the punching ofthe code strip by the punching apparatus shown in Figs. 13, 14 and 15, while special keys 200', 201, 202,203, 204, 205,

.. 206 and 207 effect the electrical contacts for the arms 209 inthe several instances.

typewriter and other operative functions of the puncher not represented by typewriter keys.

Spindles 187 to 191 inclusive, Figs. 5 and 6, 51 in number, are partly rotated by the typewriter and special keys when operated manually. 'Ihis occurs through links 196, arms 194, rods 208 and As seen in Fig. 5 this partial rotation of the spindles is cloekwise. The spindles are ttedwith contact blocks as 301. Contact switch

arms

302 and 303 provide electrical contacts upon the partial rotation of the spindles and blocks 301. Plate 304 afllxed to side 285 of typewriter frame by bolts 305 has apertures to journal the spindles. Insulation plate 306 is afxed to 304 and carries the banks of contact switch arms 302, of which only representative examples are illustrated.

Wires 307 lead away from all these switch arms. At spindle 308 block 309 is shown in contact with switch arm 310. These are specially illustrated- Figs. 4 and 5 are otherviews of,Y

fed at a regular rate of speed, allowing a loop of When this door, 320, composedY of 316, l317, 318 and hinged at 313 is closed as in the illustration in Figs. 1 and 4, blocks 301 makes contacts between 302 and 303 upon operation of the type-- writer and special keys. When the door is opened, however, along line 321, no electrical contacts will be made. This is desirable to avoid unnecessary wear on the contact blocks and switch during automatic operation.

This contacting apparatus 'supplies an electrical contact for each typewriter key and special key for other'functions and completes circuits for vthe controlY of the punching apparatus for punching the code strip.

Figs. 13, 14 and 15 illustrate a form of the code stripV puncher. In general a blank code strip is advanced step by step. There are six magnets energized either singly or inrpermutative combinations by current from the key contacts. A key contact as 301, 302, 303 may be wired to any one, two, three, four, ve cr six of the magnets in parallel. Sixty-two combinations are possible, although only fifty-one are neded in my apparatus as illustrated. Additional ones may be used when the typewriter has tabulation keys.

When the magnets are energized they set interposingnbars, which, when the punching hammer functions cause corresponding punches to operate, omitting those for which no interposers are set.

Permutation magnets

401, 402, 403, 404, 405 and 406 are placed in two rows, having armatures 407 to 412 inclusive, attached to .interposer levers 413 to 418 inclusive, which' are hinged on spindles 419 and 420 held in lugs 421 to 426 inclusive.VY An additional spacing magnet 427 has armature 428 attached to lever 429, carried on spindle 430 in lugs 423-424. The levers 413, 415

and 417 are on a higher level than 414, 416, 418

'and 429, in order to make the apparatus more levers, 442, the middle one, carries punch 451 for the feed holes in the middle row of the code strip, and the other levers carry punches as 452, six in number, one vfor each of the files of code strip holes. 'Ihese levers are retracted by springs 453 attached to universal bar 454 and stopped by universal stop bar 455.

Magnet windings 456 have for cores Aa permanent magnet 457, with armature 458 attached to universal bell crank lever hammer 459 hinged to spindle 460 in lugs 461-462 and having bell crank arm 463 drawn up by spring 464, which is astrong spring. Y Current in win'dings456 normally flows continuously in such a direction as to oppose partly or almost overbalance the pull ofthe permanent magnet 457. The balancing circuit passes througli'contact 465. Spring 4'64 does the work of punching. The attraction of the permanent Ymagnet'minus the opposition of the balancing current in windings 456 is only a trie more than the tension of spring 464. A very slight additional critical work circuit current in the windings 456 will reduce the pull of magnet 457 and allow the spring to do the work of punching.`

Then all the currentin the windings turned. off which enablesthe permanent magnet to re-'- tract thehammer.' This provides a quick, strong action.

Interposer pendants 466 hangen the yends'of levers 413 to 418V inclusive. On the action of the permutation magnets one or morei are lowered between the upper part `of the hammer 459 `and the corresponding punch levers 439, 440,

441 and 443, 444, 445. Hammer 459 driven by spring 464,' when released, causes' them to punch,`

v the code strip. lTheends of the punches may be slightly staggered where they enter the paper to obviate the necessity of forcing all the punches through simultaneously. 1

Feed hole punch leverv 442does not peratebyan interpdser being interposed but hasfprojection 467 which is struck by the' hammer on -every stroke .even though no other punch' lever iunctions. VThis insures an uninterrupted series of feed holes; The feed holes are midway between the ranks ofthe .signal holes to utilize'the strength of the paper to better'V advantage.

When one or more of the .permutation magnets are 'energized corresponding interposer pendants are lowered and universal contact ba'r '432 is driven down and causes 'spring .leaf electrical/contact 468 mounted on standard469 to make acontact.

This occurs also when the spacer vmagnet'427 energized. This contact supplies to'windings 456" the additionalv critical work circuit current necessary tocause thefunctioningof the hammer, en` abljng spring 464 to do the work of punching.

vStandard 470'rising 'from' plate 450 vcarriestrip' pawl 471' retracted by spring 472. HammerA 459 carrieshook 473, which, uponthe completion of. the' punching stroke strikes thelower end .of trip' pawl 4:71. The upper end' of the trip pawl sup-- ports contact lever arm 474, retractedfby springJ 475,y carrying 'one'.spring of a leaf yspring contact take-place. Code strip 491 passes from channel .492 to channel493`whe1eit passes between guide and punch.. lblocks496-497 meeting vthe feed. l.. punch 451.-. Ar fewxpreliminary punch holes rmade g manually in the initial end of .the strip will facili- ,I

tate this. -It then passes betweenfeed roller 481v and idle'pressure roller 488 which holds it .in l contact with .feed rol1er.w"I'he,code strip next passes between guide and punch blocks498-499 meeting punches 452 and passing lout at 500in view of theoperator just after the punching is accomplished. This .enables` mistakes to bede- 'Pawl lever 505 has a table '507. o n its rear arm n.

.and pawl lever 478 has a table 508 on,its..rear

arm. Stopv 509, manually operated, functions when lever 510, pivoted in bearing 511 and .carp

`rying rod 512 is lifted. Rod 512 has loose sleeve 465 normally closed yand carrying thebalancing' current for windingsv 456'." Contact 465.al`soaf'- supplied'by the contact468. .'When pawl471 is tripped contact lever 474is drawn down' by spring 475l and breaks contact 465. This reducesA to'nil all current in awindings' 456-.andallows the full force of'thepermanentmagnet to retract the' hammer. l

l -When contacty lever 474 is draizvndown itwst'rikes stop 476 onguniversal bar"432where it is tempor` .,fords a'path'for' the additional critical current..

I spring 506. "I'hisforces, pawl lever 505 into 513, having arm 5.14 which bears,V only. when drawn up, on theunderside of table 507. A spring 515 supports this loose sleeve normally. .Thebottom of therrod 512 is journalled in lug 51V6-an'd carries arm 5,17wliich bears on the underside lof table 508 when drawn up... When rod '512-is drawn up, pawl 478 is thrown out of engagement with the ratchet wheel 485. As it 'moves back and forthftable 508 iis supported by arm 517.7

V,Table 507 at the'same time .is lifted up by arml 514,I spring 515 being Vstrong enough to overcome contact with ratchet wheel 486 and arm 514 on .sleeve 5 13 holds pawl 505`ln properv workingy infosition, spring 515 permitting the pawl leverv to.

retract properly over. the f ratchet wheel 486.l as arm 477 carries it back and forth.

K y n causes the code -stripto run backwards as long as stop 509 stands Vin the vertical position.. When lowered;

-arily held. -.When the' permutation magnets are de-energized by the "completion `of the jmanually' operated keystroke of the typewriter, universali' bar .432 'is "permitted'ftor rise. This'wbreaks jccn-v tact 468 and restores" contact 465, allowing pawl 471 to be retracted-toits normal position'.` restores the strong balancing 4current to thewindings 456 ready for vanother cycle of operations.

. Feed hole punchinglever'442 has arm477 whichl carries pawl lever 478, pivoted'in 'f ork1479 of arm 477 and retracted by.SD1'D`180, 'Feed roller .481

on shaft 482 journalledat 483-?484 in frame sides'. 434, 435..'carrie's two, ratchet vvvheels,` 48,5 and486 j .andabrake racheter. g i y rotation O' feed-roller.

Clockwise 'o r vadvancnfg without, punching.` except,Y feed. holes.'

outer ratchet 485,`the feedroller beingv held Ista-'-v tionary between strokes'bybrake roller489gjour-g f nalled on end of 490,'meshinglwith.

` brekeratehetss'z.)

Code strip 491 .'s-

stroke.

arm 514 and arm 517escape-the-tables and there f y Vis no wear from friction. as pawl lever 478- adv vances the roller .481r regularly. Key'518, jonr- 125 nalled in top50'2 .and lug5'19` 15 and heldQ up by spring 520, is adapted to close electrical conjtactzat 521' when pressed. down and to hold con-- tact whenhelddo'wn, contact' supplies current to spacingamagnet 427,

`punch Alever-442 is caused to function'o'nce every` y timethe spacing key is struck. Thus the code strip may` be stepped back` and forth as. desiredy ing and vthe retracting ofthe hammerready for' ifi a new stroke'without it. .being necessary to ldef1 energize the .permutation .or punching l."

Once the permutation or spacing magnetsv are en-y ergized the punching. takes place, then thel feed- They may be held energized indefinitely. ",Qnee 140 y'deenergized bythe completion of the.

operated key lstroke Vthen levers retract in *posi-z tion for funtienieg .fe than@ .ker 1 ing .the automatic `operatlonhoifr an one,v

door azoigis mstleioseaenajeleetrie .'pIedtov the punching: apparatusinfthe einem: .j

arymannerfor manual operation. 1 elec-` an sa e5 the special function keys 200, 207, although these may also be operated by U-cranks and rods as 184 after the manner of the operation of the. other spindles. The electrical contacts, however, enable the whole mechanism to be kept more compact.

' correction of errors and does not callfor autoy strip.

matic operation.

Key 201 is one of the three necessary for line spacing. It makes the code signal that operates' the small U-'cra'nk as 242, which is locked up by the ratchet as 244, which completes electrical contact 251, energizing in parallel magnets 252v for the Worm carriage 'return releaser system 252-267 and magnet 268,for the carriage lock. The electrical contact for-making the new code strip is .as 279. 27e- 28o is any ratchet form of electricaLcontact that does notl stay locked up and does not contact on its retract which follows immediately after the contact.

Key 202 is for carriage return, whether used in the line spacing system or alone for regular carriage return. Contact for the new code is effected bylarge U-crank as 248 which pulls lever 225 and has prong 277. Large U-crank as 172 Fig. l which pulls a typical rod 184 may also 'be fitted in this way with prong 277. Prong 277 makescontact 276 for punching the new code Key 204 is not used but is held in reserve, as for-optional uses as with'system 324-.-327 in clusive.

Key 205 is for making the code signal to unlock the line spacing system after the carriage release has functioned. It operates a large U-crank as 248 with ratchet release as 249 wi h rlieves contact as 251 and deenergizes mag-n s 252`and- 268. Electrical Contact is made as at 276 for the new code. ,The line spacing thus requires three code signals; locking as key 201, carriage return as key 202 and unlocking as key 205.

Key 206 is for the full stop of apparatus, effected The electrical contact 'for the new code is made as at 279.

Key 207 is for decapitauzing. capitalizing having been effected through a small U-crank as l242, without electrical contact as 279, and the typewriter carriage being lockedy in the upper case shift position through ratchet 244 holding 242, the decapitalizing is effected by a large U-crank as 248 with rod 249 unlocking ratchet 244. The

. the original code strip. The new code strip,

however, can be made to contain this new matter. The automatic operation is then resumed and the new code-strip finished in that way. It will then contain all the matter on the original code strip with the newly interpolated matter.

By using a cable with multiple conductors the punching apparatus may be placed at a distance from the typewriter being automatically operated.

One punching apparatus may thus serve several actuator-typewriter units.

What I claim is:

1. A mechanism of the class described, comprising a key-controlled machine to be operated, a' permutative-combination 'signal code in the form ofv a strip, a source of power, translating means driven by the Vsource of power and controlled by the code strip adapted to cause the keycontrolled machine to be operated automatically; and means for automatically duplicating the code strip during automatic operation.

2. The means for automatically duplicating the code strip during automatic operation set forth in claim 1, when comprising a set of electrical circuits with contacts adapted to -be closed by the operation of the key-controlled machine, and automatic electrically functioning means adapted to be caused to functionby such circuits, whereby to make such duplicate of such signal code strip during automatic operation.

3. The matter of claim 1 when the key-controlled machine to be actuated is a typewriter.

4. A mechanism of the class described, comprising a typewriter to be operated, a permutativecombination signal code in the form of a strip, a source of power, translating means driven by the source of power and controlled -by the code strip, adapted to cause the typewriter to be operated automatically in consonance with the signals of the code strip, and means for 'automati-J cally duplicating the code strip during automatic operation, comprising a set of electrical circuits, with contacts adapted to be closed by the operation of the typewriter, and automatically electrically functioning means adapted to be caused to function by such circuits, whereby to make such duplicate of such signal code strip during automatic operation. I

5. In a mechanism of the class described for automatically operating a key-controlled machine by. means of a permutative-combination signal code strip, means for making a duplicate of such code stripduring automatic operation of the keycontrolled machine, comprising a set of electric circuits, means connected with the keys of the key-controlled machine for closing such circuits, and means for making such duplicate code strip, adapted to be caused to function by the operation of such circuits; l v

6. The matter of claim 5 when thev key-controlled machine is a typewriter.

7. An apparatus of the class described,V comprisinga typewriter to be operated automatically, a permutative-combination signal code strip having signals in the form of apertures; and lautomatic translating means adapted tofbe controlled by said code strip, and adapted to operate said typewriter, wherebysaid typewriter may be operated in consonance with the permutative-combination signal holes of the code strip, and means for making by manual operation of the typewriter said code strip, comprising a set of electrical circuits for the keys of the typewriter and non-key functions of the typewriter, with means adapted to close said circuits in selected order upon manual operation of said typewriter, and means controlled by said circuits, functioning in the succession desired and as determined by the manual operation, adapted to punch the signal holes of said code strip.

8. The matter of claim '7, and means for automatically making by automatic operation of the typewriter by such code strip, a duplicate of such code strip.

9. The matter of claim 7, and means for automatically making by automatic operation of the typewriter by such code strip, a duplicate of such code strip, comprising a set of electrical circuits for the keys of the typewriter and non-key functions of the typewriter, with means for closing such circuits automatically in consonance with the signals of the code strip, and means controlled by such circuits, electrically functioning, for punching the signal holes of such duplicated code strip.

10. An apparatus of the class described, comprising a typewriter to be operated automatically, a permutative-combination signal code strip, automatic translating means adapted to be controlled'by said code strip and adapted to effect the operation of the typewriter in consonance with the signals of said code strip, and means for making, automatically a duplicate of said code.

strip during automatic operation of said typewriter, said code strips to be of an interchangeable character.

1l. The matter of claim l0 when the means for making automatically said code strip comprises a set of electrical circuits with contacts adapted to be closed by the automatic operation of the typewriter keys, and supplementary electrical circuits corresponding to the non-key functions of the typewriter, adapted to be closed by the automatic action of supplementary electrical contacts, a set of supplementary electrical contacts corresponding to the non-key functions of the typewriter and adapted to be caused to function in consonance with signal holes-of the code strip lsupplied for said purpose; said closing of said principal and supplementary electric circuits adapted to control means of making said duplicate code strip, and means adapted to be controlled by said circuits for making said duplicate signal code strip automatically during automatic operation of a 'prior made code strip.

12. A typewriter actuator of the class described comprising a typewriter to be automatically operated; a permutative-combination signal code strip of an interchangeable character containing code signals of matter Vto be duplicated, adapted to control mechanical translating means, and mechanical translating means adapted to be controlled by said codefstrip and adapted to eie'ct the automatic operation of the typewriter in consonance with the characteristics of and the order of said code strip signals, in combination with means for automatically duplicating said code strip during automatic '.operatiom and supplementary electrical means for automatic duplication of the signals'fin thercode strip adapted to effect the operation ofjnon-key functions of the typewriter. V

13. A typewriter Aactuator of the class described comprising a typewriteritobe automatically o'peration of the typewriterin consonance with the characteristics of andinthe order o! said'code strip signals, and automatic means for making a vduplicate of said code strip during automaticopelectrical circuits corresponding to the non-key functions of the typewriter; electrical contacts for said circuits adapted to be closed automatically during'automatic operation, and a code strip-making apparatus adaptedJso be controlled by said electrical circuits, whereby to make said duplicate code strip.

15. A typewriter actuator of the class described comprising a permutative-combination signal code strip having permutative-combination signals corresponding to typewritten matter, a typewriter to be operated automatically, means for feeding said strip intermittently; mechanical permutative translating means controlled by said code signals and adapted to determine the functioning of particular interposers corresponding 1 to particular signals of the strip; a set of interposers adapted to be so caused to function;

-a set of transmitter members adapted to effeet the operation of the typewriter keys and supplementary non-key functions of the 1 typewriter; a set of members for the nonkey functions adapted to be so operated; a universal A`driving member; said universal driving member, transmitter members and interposes so arranged as to effect the function- 1 ing of the transmitter members upon the interpositi'on of interposers between them and the universal driving member sequentially, 'whereby to eiect the operation of said typewriter automatically in consonance with the signals of the 1 code strip.

16. A typewriter actuator comprising a typewriter to be actuated automatically, a permutative-combination signal code strip; means for causing said strip to be fed intermittently; a universal driver; a set of .transmitter members adapted to .cause the typewriter keys to function, a supplementary set of transmitter members adapted to effect the non-key functions vof the typewriter; a setV of interposers adapted to be causedto be interposed between said transmitter members and said universal driver, one interposer for each transmitter member, said driver,

-interposers andV transmitters being so arranged that power is transmitted-from the driver'to the 130 nance with the characteristics of certain particular signalscorresponding thereto, whereby to eiect the automatic operation of the typewriter automatically in consonance with the characteristics'of the code stripV signals and in their order.

17. The matter of claim 16 when having in ad- 140y dition means for making .said code -strip'by manual operation. i K

18- Thc,m.tter of claim 16V whenrhaving in addition `means for making a duplicate of said code stripV automatically duringautomatic vol- :trlaition of. the typewriter byV a prior-made code 'i HOPmINSl