US1975A - Manner of constructing corn-shellers - Google Patents

Description

STA

A YICHOLAS GOLDSBOROUGH, OF EASTON, MARYLAD.Y

MANNER OF CONSTRUCTING CORN-SHELLERS;

Specification of Letters Patent No. 1,975, dated February 12, 1841.-

To all w/wmt may concern:

Be it known that I, NicHoLAs GOLDS- BoRoUGH, of Easton, count-y of Talbot, and State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Husking and Shelling Corn at One Operation, and that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the said machine as invented and improved by me, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification.

Figure 1-perspective view. section.

The machine consists of a frame A; cylinder or beater B; concave and feeding apron or hopper D.

First, the frame is constructed of substantial timbers, sulilciently large to receive the other machinery hereinafter described; it is composed of four upright posts; to wit two front and two back posts, joined together by side rails and cross ties, the upper rails being tenoned into the posts near their upper ends and forming the bearings of the cylinder shaft; the front posts are made somewhat larger than the back posts; and at the distance of fourteen inches from their feet are united by a cross girth, which by means of a small block or bolster E let into the middle of the upper side, forms the bearing of a horizontal spring F, as also by a cap piece or tenons at the upper ends of the posts. The back posts are united at their upper ends by a cap piece as before described, and are confined near their lower ends by a strong cross tie A2 tenoned into the lower side rails near their junction with the back posts. The cross tie aforesaid also affords tli-e support oi' bearing of two vertical springs G Gr, which, together with the horizontal spring, hereinbefore named, sustain and suspend the concave H. The springs are made of yellow pine or white ash. Those marked G are mortised and tenoned into the cross tie A2 at their lower ends, their upper ends being let loosely into notches in the back part of the ends of the concave, which arrangement of springs allows the rollers J to recede from the cylinder by the admission of large ears, hard substances, or from some other cause, the elasticity of the pieces of wood forming the springs G extending from their upper or loose ends down to their other ends which are fixed into the cross tie as before described, tlie yielding being in a horizontal direction as indicated by the arrow.

Second. The cylinder B is made of solid wood, banded at the ends having iron or steel gudgeons, which run in suitable boxes secured on the top of the upper side rails; the teeth are made of bar or rod iron inch square cut into lengths of two' and a yhalf inches, two inches of which are driven perpendicularly into the cylinder, after being bored for that purpose, so as to stand in parallel rows lengthwise the cylinder, the teeth of each row standing opposite to the spaces in the adjoining rows. There are nineteen rows of teeth equidistant. The dimensions of the cylinder may be varied, but those which I find to answer well are, fourteen inches diameter by twenty two inches long, and driven with a velocity making 450 to 500 revolutions in a minute.

Third. The concave which occupies about one third of the circumference of the cylinder, and immediately under it, is formed of two jambs or side pieces H parallel to each other, their upper edges cut into inverted arches, having their centers in the axis of the cylinder, and are held together by two cross ties dovetailed into their lower edges, into these jambs, holes are bored, and fifteen twisted bars I of iron inserted, ten of which are arranged in a circle concentric with the cylinder and one inch distant from the points of the teeth, and the remaining tive J in a tangent to that circle. All the bars ai'e placed parallel and apart an inch and a half from center to center. They are made of bars heated and twisted spirally having their ends turned in a lathe for about of an inch so as to form a small shoulder, and when inserted as before named each bar revolves freely. Y

Fourth. The cap or hood K K is formed of two light side plank placed vertically n upon and lengthwise the upper side rails on their upper edges, and next the cap piece of the forward posts is nailed a board covering the cylinder, ,said board being flush with said cap piece, between the aforesaid side planks are placed two boards at an angle so as to form a hopper D, the ends of the. boards are in rabbets, and the plane of the hinder board is in continuation of the plane of the rlargest bars aforenamed. I have omitted yto mention the bonnet which may be suspended to the front post-s of the frame, and the use of which is to prevent ioo the grain being thrown to a distance, when discharged from the machine as its construction and use are so well known. The machine thus arranged, is a corn machine, either, for shelling` what has been previously husked, or husking and shelling at one operation. But it may be employed for threshing wheat, and when wanted for that operation, the cylinder should be made with the` teeth an inch out, and the concave set up to one fourth of aninch of thepoints of the teeth, having an eXtra pair of jambs for that purpose and a wheel of six inches diameter, to give the usual velocity of wheat machines.

Operation: The machine being set in revolution byhorse or other power applied to the band pulley, the ears of corn are thrown into the hopper and are immediately acted upon by the joint operation of the teeth of the cylinder and twisted bars of the concave, these latter by revolving, greatly facilitate the passage of the corn through the machine, and act so thoroughly on every part of the ear, as to remove all the grains from the small ends of the cobs. The machine performs all its operations with great rapidity, it will require at least two active men to throw in the corn, or corn that has been hushed, may be poured in with a .f

WM. B. SMYTH, THOMAS CowARD.

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