US197321A - Improvement in cooking, heating, and drying apparatus - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

D. K. BOSWELL. Cooking, Heating and Drying Apparatus.

No. 197,321. Patented Nov. 20, I877.

Fig. 1.

HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH C- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. D. K. BOSWELL. Cooking, Heating and Drying Apparatus.

No. 197,321. Patented Nov. 20,1877.

F ML MHHI IIIIIIHL IHU sifllllllwllll lullllllllllllllflmg DANIEL K. BOSWELL-,OF innmnaroms, DTDIANAJ".

ILMPROVELMEYNTJN cooKlNe,"|-|EA1' |1 |G, AND DRYING A PARATUS- -specification forming partof Letters Patent No. 197,321,dated November 20, 1877; application iiled October 20, 1877.

* Marion and State of Indiana, have invented a newand useful Gooking, Heating, and Drying Apparatus; and I do herebydeclare' the following to be a full,'clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accomv panying drawings, making part of this speciiication. i .Mydevice consists, exteriorly, of a case,

i which maybe of wood, having doors with glazed windows or panels, and inclosingthe various membersof my"cooking,drying, and warming apparatus. These include a furnace or stove proper, communicatingwith' a'fiue or smoke-box, and with said smoke-box com- ,pletely incased: by a shell that forms around saidbox and furnace an annularspace or jacket, whose horizontal top may have the customary circularor oblong openings for the reception of pots, pans,'boilers, or other cooking-vessels; r 3

Between thesidesof the-box and furnace and those of the shell I interpose vertical plates, which, with said shell sides, constitute heating-chambers for air admittedthrough suitable-registers. These plates serve, moreover, the purpose of shields,.to' prevent the entering air from becoming overheated or burned. The external apertures that admit the cold air are located in the front of the outside case, at a suiiicient height above thefloor to. avoid drawing up-dust therefrom.

Theheating-chambers communicate, by suitable orifices, with a hot-air duct, whose upper end communicates with a horizontal chamber, a the top of which "is perforated, and becomes the 11001? of an oven. This perforated floor is. provided with registers, which may coact' with dampers at the exit, to control the heat in the whole oven, or in any compartment of it.

, The interior of the flue-box is partitioned oil into passages, by which, in conjunction with a suitable dampenthe smoke may be'either compelled to circulate toand fro through said box, so as to utilize the heat, or be permitted to escape into the smoke-exit pipefdirect' These return-fines are formed with concave end s, was to avoid eddies.

I ,My device is so arranged that neither smoke,

nor'soot, nor other deleterious products of combustion can reach any vessel or the food to be cooked, and hence all'of the vessels are, at all times, clean and convenient to handle.

; Moreover, as no flame or fire has direct access to any vessel or viand being cooked, the heat becomes so tempered as to-avoid-scorching I the contents, which are cooked with their juices and natural flavors intact. At the same time, the entire cooking apparatus proper, be- ;ing enveloped in a close case, which can be shut tight at any time, and whose walls are, to a large extent, non-conductors of heat, the cafloric liberated in the furnaceand flues is almostwholly retained and utilized, instead of being wasted into and overheating the room. 1: Moreover, the heated air, after doing duty be- ;low', is still further utilized and; made available for heating the elevated ovens, which, being subjected to a high, butatthe same time equable and diffusive heat, whose escape is prevented by the exterior case,becomes very effectual for expeditious baking of bread or other viands, without scorching the same.

My apparatus is, further so arranged that, when not required for cooking p urposes, the

entire space above. the stove proper may be utilized for drying of fruit, of clothes, or other articles, or for simple heating purposes.

' ,In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus embodying my improvements, one of the outside doors being open. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section at the linew w. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are vertical sections in the lines 410 a, y y, andz 2:, respectively,

of Fig. 2. r A is a closet-like case, preferably of wood or other non-conducting material, and of oblong form. B B" represent the metallic floor and lining to the same. 0 O are folding doors, which, being opened, afford access to the stove or oven, or, being closed, preserve the heat therein. These doors and the ends of the case may have glazed panels or'windows, D. A portion of the case-floor B becomes, in my arrangement, the ash-pit floor orhearth of a grated furnace or fire-box, E, towhich doors F F in the side of the case afl'ord the proper access. A neck, 0, conductsthe products of combustion into a flue-box Gr, whose exit-pipe g conducts into any suitable stack or'chimney..

my stove proper. The stove-top J has the cus- I tomary series of circular and oblong openings j for cooking-vessels.

My flue-box is capable of discharging directly into the exit-pipe 9 through hole g, or, said hole being closed by damper K, by means of handle .k, the product of combustlon or heatmay be compelled to circulate through the passages g", whence it finds vent, at g' g", into the same exit-pipe g. An acclined central flue-strip, 9", serves to separate the smoke into two equal streams, and breaks up any eddies, and curved walls 9", at the turnings of the flue-passages, are also efl'ectual in prevent ing eddies and consequent lodgment of soot.

The perforated plate J, which is above the fire and flue boxes, forms, with the top of the fire-box E and fluebox G, an air-heatin g chamber,fL, which communicates at its front part, by means of a duct, H formed by the plates H and I, with the atmosphere, through registered inlets M in the front of the case A, a sufficient height above the floor to avoid the suction of dust. N represents the register-plate which controls the inlets M, and is operated by handle n.

The hot-air chamber L discharges at its upper rearportion, through orifices 0, into a hotair chamber, P, whose front wall 12, curving in theform of a half-arch, and being faced with tinor other good reflector, constitutes a hood or canopy to the boiling-space, which expedites the cooking, orwhich, when the doors 0 O are thrown open, operates to projectheat downward and forward, so as to heat the lower part of the room or apartment in which the apparatusis situated. This form of the chamber P is further usefnlin causing its upper part to extend nearly the entire breadth, as well as length, of the case, where it is surmounted by a registered plate, Q, under which slide two correspondingly-perforated damper-plates, R R, controlled by handles r 2*, whereby hot air from said chamber P may be admitted into either or both of two elevated ovens, S S, which occupy the upper part of the case.

The double oven S S simply rests upon the hot-air and reflecting chamber P, and the latter upon the stove and upon curved flanges T on the interior wall of the case. Each oven has at top a ventage, U, closable by a damper, V. Each oven has a glazed fiont door, W W. An orifice, X, in the top of the case, in front of the elevated ovens, ma5 be furnished with a tube or pipe, communicating with the chimney Or with the ash-pit, so as to conduct off all cooking efliuvia when desired.

When the apparatus is to be used for drying clothes, fi uits, or other analogous purposes, the oven and hot-air flue P are removed, and the apparatus appears asshown in Fig. 4, and the space above the fire and flue boxes is formed with portable clothes-bars or drying-cases and held in position in anylsuitable or wellknown manner.

g It will be observed that the; heated air is not only used to heat the culinarylvessels from below, but also to heat the curved deflector p, which sheds, in tu'rn, a gentle heat downward onto the top of said vessels, and thus, by applying a uniform heat on all; sides of the vessels, no violent ebullition can occur, and the articles in said vessels will be speedily and uniformly cooked. After'performing these services the air, having retained most of its caloric, is made to pass into the elevated ovens, where it comes in contact with the articles to be baked, and, by reason of this intimate contact, the heat will be gently but speedily absorbed by the viands; and, further, the heat being absorbed by conduction, it follows that the food will not be scorched, as in the common cooking-stove, where the heat-is radiated from the sides of the oven.

Passing out of the ovens, through openings U, the hot air may still be utilized for warm ing the room, or it may be conducted by pipes to other apartments, or to a drying-chamber, or chambers for drying either fruit or clothes or lumber, if desired.

In warm weather it maybe conducted directly into the smoke-flue by means of a suit able pipe leading from Uto smoke-pipe g,

thus doing away with the warm atmosphere in the kitchen. This process offu'sing the same air throughout, and inclosin'g it in a tight closet, is a means of economizing fuel to an extent which, to my knowledge, has never before been accomplished lIIIBJf COOkiHg-StOVG; and, by the construction of the apparatus, the

. heat is so deflected and redetlected that it loses most of its ray power, and becomes equally diffused throughout the apparatus.

While my apparatus has, by virtue of its upright construction, several times as much ovenroom as an ordinary cooking-stove, yet the heat may be confined to the 'heatgenerating 7 portion of the apparatus or stove'(designated in the drawings by the letter'EQ) or may be regulated to apply to any portion of the apparatus by means of the several dampers.

The cooking-vessels not being immersed in the stove or furnace, it follows that their surfaces, instead of being coated with soot by the smoke or oxidized by the flame, will remain clean and bright, thus being better ableto absorb the heat from the surrounding air. Moreever, it is evident that the air confined between the top of the furnace or fire-box E and the top plate J is not subject to the sudden changes of temperature that the air iuthe fur nace or fire-box E necessarily is.

By drawing the air in near the bottom and allowing it to escape at the extreme top of the case, a complete circulation is created in the room.

The ovens being of sectional construction,- they. may be easily removed, as well as the set forth..,

, manner and for the purposes specified.

. having in the front of the case. 1.. i

. 6. Theshields or -flue-box l?,.which leaves a space, as shown in Fig. 4, forthe introduction of shelves for drying fruit, or of bars for drying clothes.

' If greater capacity be desired, two of my stoves may be combined by removing the rear V boards and putting the apparatus back to back.

The oven is made with'open ends, and these ends are made to abutiagainst the panes of glass set in the ends of the outer case, and

thus the interior of the oven, fromits ends, can be inspected from the outside of thecase,

Y and the expense of having plates or panes of glass at the ends of the oven is avoided.

The stove proper or heat-generating apparatus, E, is constructed separate from the oven. and .flue which connects the oven with thestove, and is arranged in line with apertures formed. inthe ends ofthe outer case,

and thus, when repairs are necessary, or it is theseend openings.

. .Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure byLetters Patent, is-- l. "The combinationfof the stoveE'-,"fli1e P, elevated oven-S, and-case A, substantially, as

'2. The hot-air flue P, inconnection with-the hot-air chamber L below, and perforated bottom Q, of oven S above, and damper O, in

3. The elevated oven S, connected at its bottom with hot-air flue P, and having sliding registers R and V, for regulating the admission and escape of hotand'described.

air, substantially as shown 4. The described furnace or firerbox E and flue-box G, inclosed within ahot-air chamber,

a registered inlet or series of inlets, N,

5. The described series of reverted or rettu'n flues g" g g" g, with inlet 6, damper K,

having rod or handlek, for actuating said damper, central flue-strip g", and exit g, substantially as set forth.-

guard-plates H H, extending above the stove, and interposed between the stove sides and the walls I of the inclo'sing-shell, with which they form chambers, the front one of which communicates exteriorly with the atmosphere, and interiorly with the various cooking-places, in the manner set forth. 7. In combination with the duct H and hotair chamber L of the stove, the passage 1?, oven or baking-space S S, and. registers R R, and dampers V V, substantially as and for the purpose designated.

8. The combination of the vertical duct, formed by deflecting-plate H and inclosingplate I, and the chamber L, between the top of the fire-box E and the plate J, said chamber being formed to contain heated air without communicating directly with the fire or smoke of the stove, but being in. communication with the air of the room, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. v

9. The removable hot-air fiueP and oven S S, applied within the external case A. and in relation to the stove E, whereby the entire space above the boiler-plate is convertible from acooking and baking chamber to'a dryingchamber, substantially as set forth, n

10. A stove constructed with avertical duct, formed by deflecting-plate H and inclosingplate I, said duct being in communication with the atmosphere of the room, and with an air-chamber, L, formed by the top of the firebox E and top plate J, the latter having openings therein for the insertion of sauce-pans and similar utensils, so that the lower parts of such vessels may come in contact with the DANIEL K. BoswELL.

Attest:

GEO. H. KNIGHT, L. H. Bonn.

hot air in chamber L, substantially as set

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