US1970775A - Fluid operated tool - Google Patents

Description

Aug.. ZB, 1934n A. G. SLATCHER FLUID OPERATED TOOL Filed Deol 5, 1951 2 SheetS-.Shee l ATTORNEY Arm@ 2H, 1934., A. G. SLATCHER 131,9?3375 FLUID OPERATED TOOL ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 2.1, 1934 FLUID orteil-renacer.

Alfred G;l Slatcher2 ClevelandQOhio, 'assignor'to The Cleveland Rock Drill Company, Cleveland,

Ohio, a corporation of Ohio ApplicationDecember 5, 1931, Serial No. 579,216

i s claims, (ci. 4iai- 11) This invention relates broadly to iiuid operated tools of` the percussive type and more specically to improvement therein which embody mecha-v nism for eliecting the rotation of the cutting One object of this invention is to provide mechanism within a iiuid actuated tool which Will .facilitate the positive rotative drive'of the cutting tool'or the frictional engagement thereof.`

19 Another object of this invention is to provide adiuidoperatedtool4 with africtional driving mechanism which can be readily manipulated by thel operatorV when the rotative movement Vof theVr cutting tool becomes restrained Whileldrill-fr gllspeotive of the ratchet ring, y Fig. 3 is a transversal sectional view vtakerr upona plan indicated by line 3- -3 in Fig. 1 illustrating the locking member in engaged relation With the ratchet mechanism.

,so Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 illustrating "the locking member in disengaged relation with the ratchet mechanism.

i Fig. 5 isan enlarged Vdetail illustration'in perspective of the locking member. Theiluid'actuated tool herein chosen for the Vpurpose .of illustrating the invention embodies a stope drill of the hammer type which comprises a cylinder 1.0 Within Which is reciprocably mounted a piston 11 having an extended stem portion 49' is formed to' accommodate lthe. support of a handle 13 which is mounted thereon with a tapered socket .lrbeing heldin place bye Screw 4g threaded nut ,15. Adjacent ofthe handle 13 there "is a vertically disposed Casing 16 in which is mounteda cam l? having a rotatable control knob or' grip lig; rEhe cam 17 is machined Vin such a manner as to provide `a straight portion or stop -1-' l, the purpose of which will be explained later. ltfiimin[the cylinder 10 there is a valve 19 whichl is organized to effect the distribution of the compressed fluid. The valve is mounted for reciprocative movement within a valve block `20V 55 the atterrare iied snugly Within the Cylinder 12, operatively associated with a drill steel or cut,.- ""ting tool in the usual manner.Y The cylinder body- 10. The movement Yof the valve 19 and the cone sequential reoiprocative movement of the piston 11 are effected `ina manner common to tools of this type and ksince the operation of this portion of the meohanismfforms per se no part of the present inventionfno further description of these elements need be given here further than to direct attentionvfto'an orifice or exhaust port 21 in the cylinder l.Which .is arranged in relation to the mean and extreme position of the piston strokes toaflord communication between the cyl. inder and atmosphere during theoperation of the piston.

l:Adjacent thevalve block 20 and' interposed be-` tween bearing plate' 22 and the head block 23 there is a ratchet mechanism 24 comprising a toothedring. 25 provided with a plurality of ex.- ternalrecesses` 26, and a pluralityk of pawls 2,7. The pawlsare adaptedA to engage the teethof the i. ratchet andtheiring isrestrained'from rotation by a hand operated locking mechanism compris.- inga pawl 28,forme'd with two-,trunnions 29 andA rotatably supported with the cylinder body 10 and provided with a Wing 31 capable of engagement with the recesses 2.6` and operable by a sec. ond .wing orblade 32 extending-Within the handle 13; .The handle 13 is'provided with a bore 3 3 within which vthere is located a plunger 34 subjected tor-the eiort voi" a compression spring 35 for constant. engagement with the blade 32 tending to move .thepawl28 in aclockwise direction and consequently maintaining the Wing 31 in engagement with the recess 26. Slidably mounted Within :ther handle; bore 33 there is a push rod 36 having` its leftward end in constant engagement with the other side ofthe blade 32 and its rightward endengageable with the @am 17 rotatably disposed within the end of the handle 13- A riiied stem 3-7 is coordinated with the ratchet ring 25 and is n iaintained Within the head of the pis.- ton 11j in a boreofcomplemental conguration. The ratchet and its appurtenances effectuate the rotative movement of the piston and in` turn the cutting tool or drill during the reciprocation znovement of the piston.

' The head block 23 .is ,formedto support a water tube 38 and .a packing gland 39 whichA is provided to convey water lor, air tothe cutting'tool in accordanc'e with thepractice common in a mechaofvthis'type. A throttle valve 40 is providedto control the supply' of compressed iiuid admitted to the machine.

In the practice of this invention, compressed lluidisadmitted through the port41 Where it flows thrughttheratchet nriechanisml 24 to the valve 19 by way of ports 42. The reciprocative movement of the piston 11 is eiected by the intermittent flow of fluid into the cylinder 10, as controlled by the valve 19 by way of recess 43 and ports 44. By maintaining the cam-17 in the position illustrated in Fig. 4 the rod 36 bears against the blade 32 and acts againstthe tension of the compression spring 35 to maintain thewing 31 out of engagement with the recess 26 thus permitting the ring 25 to rotate relative to its casing." Since the ring 25 is fitted snugly Within its seat it g may remain in a stationary position" until nthelf tool engages a material which will offer sufcient resistance to overcome the frictional engagement;

of the ratchet ring within itsbearing seat.

The wing 31 may be moved into engagement with the ratchet ring or the recess 26 by turning member through said passage for actuating said member.

e 2. A stop drill comprising a casing adapted to receive a tool, a rotation mechanism within said casing for producing a relative rotation between said casing and said tool, a handle adapted to be manually held for restraining said casing against rotation, means within said casingand handle form rendering said rotation mechanism inoperative, a grip rotatably mounted on said handle, arcam associated with said grip and said means for actuating the latter when said handle revolves about theaxis of the drill and said grip is held against rotation about its own axis, and further means for returning said first mentioned means in its former position.

3. A rock drill comprising a casing adapted to the cam 17 or its integral'knob 185 in a'counterreceive a tool, a cylinder having a piston reciproclockwise direction, thus allowing the rod 36 to*vv be moved toward'the right by the effort of the compressed spring plungerv 34 .acting upon the I blade 32 causing a consequential rotationof the. pawl V28 in a clockwise directiony andv permitting the Wingv 31 to drop into one of. the recessesv 26 thus securing the ring to its casing andaiecting thek ratchet function (seeV Fig-. 3);' The vrotation of the cam in the counterclockwise-directionis limited by the engagementof the. straight -portion or stop 17' Vwith the side-ofv the push rod 36, preventing thereby the cam to .be rotated pastthe normal position with respect to the rod 36;-

l The paWl 28 is positioned in respectto the ratchet ring 25 in such a manner as to transform the torque applied to 'the 'ratchet ring intoaa radial force applied uponrthevtrunnions k29-andV 30 thus overcoming a possible disengagement of the wing 31y with the ratchet ring and precludingl any stress to be applied upon. the spring.` 35 during the engagement of the winglwithinfthe recess 26. The cam 17 Vis preferably arranged in respect to the direction of 'theirotation `of the tool in the-manner shown in'thedr'awings: so that: the'knob 18 may be turnedin-1the direction-ofi the rotationof the tool tov` establish the leftward movement of' the rod36' againstthe spring '35 anddisengage the wing-.31 .from the ratchet ring.- In this manner, the Aoperator may hold. the-knob 1-8stationary and when thehandle 13- tends. to move vaway from the operator due to a seizurelof the tool in the hole being drilled, the knob 18.- Will be automatically turned to thepositi'on shown in Fig.'4 to release the rotation mechanism. :11; Although the foregoing description isf neces--v sarily of a detailed character, ini order to com-l pletely'set forth the invention, it visto befunder-` stood that the Yspeciiicterminology is not intended to be restrictive or conflningand'it isrto be further understood that various rearrangements of parts and modification of-structuraldetail may be resorted Yto Without depaiti'ngffromV the scope or `spirit *ofv theinventiona's herein claimed. Y l "l i" I claim: l v, Y n

1. In a rock drill, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, a rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston, said rotation mechanism coinprising a ratchet ringlrotatable within said vcylinder, a rifle stemand pawls operativelyjcon'- necting said ring and stem, a handle supported by said cylinderI and extending'therefrom and', having a passage therein, a mechanically operated locking member .associatedwithsaid ringA and extending Within said passage in said handle and a rotatable cam normal to saidl handle and supported thereby in rigid connection'iwith'said cable therein, a rotation mechanism including a ratchet ring rotatably mounted in said cylinder, a rifled-stem engaged With said piston,A and pawls operatively connecting said ring and .said-stem. for producing a relative rotation between said casing 'and said. tool, `a handle l adapted to be. manually held for restraining said casing against rotation, a locking member mounted in said cylinder and movable into or out ofr engagement with said ratchet ring, a grip rotatably ,mounted `on said handle, means Within the handle and asso,- ciated with said grip and said locking member for actuating'the Alatter out of locking engagement with said ratchet ring when said' handle revolves about the axis of Asaid. drill, and further means forf returning saidmember into locking 'engagement withsaidratchet ring.

- Y- 110 '4i A rock drill comprising a casing adaptedv to receive a tool, a cylinder having a piston recip-v rocable'therein, a rotation mechanism including a ratchet ring rotatably mounted in saidcylnder;

a ried stem engaged with said piston,andipawls 115 operatively-:connecting said ring Vand saidstem for producing a lrelative rotation between said casing and said tool, a handle adapted to-be manually heldffor restraining. said casing against rotation, a locking member mounted in said' cyl- 120 inder and movable into or out of engagement withsaidratchet ring, a grip rotatablymounted on'rsaid handle, means Within the'-`handle :and: associated with said grip and rigidly connected to said'locking'member for Iactuating the latter 125 against rotation, apassage within said handle,4

a locking member associated with said ring and extending within said passage, means within said passage forl constantly urging said lockingmember'into locking engagement with said ring, and a rotatable member constituting a portion of said handle 'in'rigid connection with said locking member through said passage adapted to be grasped bythejoperator for actuating said locking member out of locking engagement with said ring.

6. In a rock drill, acylind-er having a piston reciprocableftherein and capable of rotation, a

rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston,

1,970,776 said rotation mechanism comprising a rotatable cam and thereby urging said locking member out of engagement with said ratchet ring,A and resilient means within said passage for urging said locking member into engagement with saidU ratchet ring and simultaneously returning said rod member toward said cam.

7. In a rock drill, a cylinder having a piston reciprocable therein and capable of rotation, a:

rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston, said rotation mechanism comprising a rotatable ratchet ring, a rifle stem and pawls operatively connecting said ring and stem, a handle supported by said cylinder and extending therefrom, a passage Within said handle, a locking member extending into said passage rotatable into or out of locking engagement with said ratchet ring, a cam connected to said locking member, said cam being rotatable in one direction for rotating said locking member in a direction common to the direction of rotation oi' said ratchet ring, affording thereby the disengagement of said locking member with said ratchet ring, and means for returning said locking member into engagement with said ratchet ring subsequent to the rotation of said cam in its original position.

8. In a rock drill, a cylinder having a piston reciprocable therein and capable of rotation, a rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston,

.Y said rotation mechanism comprising a rotatable ratchet ring, a riile stem and pawls operatively connecting said ring and stem, a handle adapted to be manually held for restraining said drill against rotation, a slidable member within said handle, a' locking member associated with said ring and said slidable member, a spring actuated member associated with said locking member for normally maintaining the latter in locking engagement with said ring, a rotatable member in constant engagement withsaid slidable member capable of rotation in one direction for actuating said locking member out of locking engagement with said ring, and rotatable in the other direction for permitting said locking engagement, and means on said rotatable Vmember engageable with said slidable member for limiting the rotation ofV the former in one direction.

ALFRED G. SLATCHER.

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