US1968158A - Process for the production of ammonium nitrate base explosive charges capable of being poured or cast - Google Patents

Process for the production of ammonium nitrate base explosive charges capable of being poured or cast Download PDF

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Publication number
US1968158A
US1968158A US633920A US63392032A US1968158A US 1968158 A US1968158 A US 1968158A US 633920 A US633920 A US 633920A US 63392032 A US63392032 A US 63392032A US 1968158 A US1968158 A US 1968158A
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Prior art keywords
ammonium nitrate
production
poured
cast
explosive charges
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Expired - Lifetime
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US633920A
Inventor
Naoum Phokion
Falkenhayn Robert V Sommer Und
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
    • C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of an ammoniumnitrate base explosive charge which is capable of being poured or cast.
  • Explosive charges adapted to be poured (cast aor molded) and having an ammonium nitrate base were widely used during the World War, whereby the'exceedingly high melting point of the ammonium nitrate (167 C.) was lowered by the addition of related nitrates, for example, so- 10 dium nitrate and organic salts or substances such as sodium acetate, dicyandiamid and urea, until at about 105 C. a viscous mass was obtained which permitted sufilcient homogenization with the aromatic substances, for example, trinitrotoluol added to increase the explosive force.
  • related nitrates for example, so- 10 dium nitrate and organic salts or substances such as sodium acetate, dicyandiamid and urea
  • ammonium nitrate base explosive charges of more complete homogeneity and still greateriexplosive force with equal safety in the gun barrel and on shooting at this explosive if the ammonium nitrate is melted together with the nitrates of simple or multiple amines of the aliphatic series.
  • Example I Ammonium nitrate (melting point 16'7" C.) 55% Ethylenediaminedinitra m e 1 ti n g point 188C.) 45% Casting temperature 103C; Lead bloc expansionm 390 ccm.
  • Example II Ammonium nitrate (melting points 167 c.). --r Methylamine nitrate (melting point 4 Casting temperature"; 58 C. 55 Lead bloc expansion 375 ccm.
  • Example III Ammonium nitrate 55% Ethylenediaminedinitrate 40% Methylamine nitrate 5% 69 Casting temperature 93 C. Leadbloc expansion 385 ccm.
  • Example IV Ammonium nitrate 5 Diethylenetriaminetrinitrate (melting point 151.”) ..r. 35% Casting temperature 116 C. Lead bloc expansion" 390 ccm.
  • a process for the production of explosive mixtures -f extremely great homogeneity, particularly for the production of poured explosive charges comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and nitrates of the amines of the aliphatic series.
  • a process for the production of explosive mixtures of extremely great homogeneity, particularly for the production of poured explosive charges comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and ethylenediaminedinitrate.
  • a process for the production of explosive mixtures of extremely great homogeneity, particularly for the production of poured explosive charges comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and methylamine nitrate.
  • a new composition comprising the combination of ammonium nitrate and a nitrate of the amines of the aliphatic series.
  • a new composition comprising ammonium nitrate combined with ethyleneciiamine dinitrate.
  • a new composition comprising ammonium nitrate combined with methylamine nitrate.
  • a process for the 'producton of explosive mixtures of extremely great homogeneity comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and diethylenetriaminetrinitrate.
  • a process for the production of explosive mixtures of extremely great homogeneity, particularly for the production of poured explosive charges comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and a nitrate of the amines of the aliphatic series.
  • a new composition comprising the combination of ammonium nitrate and nitrates of the amines of the ali hatic series.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

1,968,158 PATENT OFFICE rnocnss .r'on 'rnE PRODUCTION or m. MONIUM m-rna'ra BASE EXPLOSIVE omens CAPABLE or name roman on CAST Phokion Naoum and Robert 11. Sommerfelduml Falkenhayn, Leverkusen-Schlcbusch, near Cologne,.Germany, assignors to Dynamit-Aetien- Gesellschaft vormals Alfred Nobel & 00., Co-
logne, Germany No Drawing. Application September 19, 1932, Serial No. 633,920. In Germany September 29,
Claims. (CI. 52-21) This invention relates to the production of an ammoniumnitrate base explosive charge which is capable of being poured or cast.
Explosive charges adapted to be poured (cast aor molded) and having an ammonium nitrate base were widely used during the World War, whereby the'exceedingly high melting point of the ammonium nitrate (167 C.) was lowered by the addition of related nitrates, for example, so- 10 dium nitrate and organic salts or substances such as sodium acetate, dicyandiamid and urea, until at about 105 C. a viscous mass was obtained which permitted sufilcient homogenization with the aromatic substances, for example, trinitrotoluol added to increase the explosive force.
For producing this homogeneity it was'necessary to maintain the melt in constant movement during the pouring of the charge. Such charges contained -25% trinitrotoluol.
It has now been found possible to produce ammonium nitrate base explosive charges of more complete homogeneity and still greateriexplosive force with equal safety in the gun barrel and on shooting at this explosive if the ammonium nitrate is melted together with the nitrates of simple or multiple amines of the aliphatic series.
Thus, at temperatures at which there is no question of chemical decomposition, completely homogeneous and clear melts are produced, which cannot disintegrate (decompose or come out of admixture). and require no movement during the pouring. Such charges combine, with extremely great explosive force, which is superior to that of trinitrotoluol and picric acid, and with complete chemical stability a complete safety as well in the gun barrel as on shooting at the charge and they are thus easily the equals of the well known explosive charges of aromatic nitro bodies, for which reasonthey are generally suitable for artillery purposes.
Example I Ammonium nitrate (melting point 16'7" C.) 55% Ethylenediaminedinitra m e 1 ti n g point 188C.) 45% Casting temperature 103C; Lead bloc expansionm 390 ccm. Example II Ammonium nitrate (melting points 167 c.). --r Methylamine nitrate (melting point 4 Casting temperature"; 58 C. 55 Lead bloc expansion 375 ccm.
Example III Ammonium nitrate 55% Ethylenediaminedinitrate 40% Methylamine nitrate 5% 69 Casting temperature 93 C. Leadbloc expansion 385 ccm.
Example IV I Ammonium nitrate 5 Diethylenetriaminetrinitrate (melting point 151.") ..r. 35% Casting temperature 116 C. Lead bloc expansion" 390 ccm.
' r Example v Ammonium nitrate 55% Ethylenediaminedinitrateu 31.5%- Diethylenetriaminetrinitrate- 13.5% Casting temperature 105* C. Lead bloc expansion 385 com.
Example Vi Ammonium nitrate 12% Monoaethanclamine L nitrate (melting point 53) 28% Casting temperature- 100 C. Lead bloc expansion 320 com.
As compared therewith trinitrotoluol bulges out of a lead bloc only 290 ccm. and picric acid 310 ccm.
The formula of methylamine-nitrate is as follows:'
CHaNH2.HNOa
The formula of ethylene-diamine-dinitrate is as follows:
OHaNHz-HNOI HlNHi-HNO' such changes and modifications as may fall within the spirit of the following claims.
We claim:-
,1. A process for the production of explosive mixtures -f extremely great homogeneity, particularly for the production of poured explosive charges comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and nitrates of the amines of the aliphatic series.
2. A process for the production of explosive mixtures of extremely great homogeneity, particularly for the production of poured explosive charges comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and ethylenediaminedinitrate.
. 3. A process for the production of explosive mixtures of extremely great homogeneity, particularly for the production of poured explosive charges comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and methylamine nitrate.
4. A new composition comprising the combination of ammonium nitrate and a nitrate of the amines of the aliphatic series.
5. A new composition comprising ammonium nitrate combined with ethyleneciiamine dinitrate.
6. A new composition comprising ammonium nitrate combined with methylamine nitrate.
7. A process for the 'producton of explosive mixtures of extremely great homogeneity comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and diethylenetriaminetrinitrate.
I 8. A new composition comprising ammonium nitrate combined with diethylenetriaminetrinitrate. 1
9. A process for the production of explosive mixtures of extremely great homogeneity, particularly for the production of poured explosive charges comprising melting together ammonium nitrate and a nitrate of the amines of the aliphatic series.
10. A new composition comprising the combination of ammonium nitrate and nitrates of the amines of the ali hatic series.
PHOKION NAO ROBERT v. SOMMERFEID mm FALKENHAYN.
US633920A 1931-09-29 1932-09-19 Process for the production of ammonium nitrate base explosive charges capable of being poured or cast Expired - Lifetime US1968158A (en)

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DE1968158X 1931-09-29

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FR (1) FR742312A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2434872A (en) * 1942-11-06 1948-01-20 Ici Ltd Manufacture of compact combustible explosive charges
US2455205A (en) * 1945-08-24 1948-11-30 Ici Ltd Compositions suitable for use as gas and power producing liquids
US2460375A (en) * 1941-09-15 1949-02-01 Ici Ltd Granular or powder explosives and their manufacture
US2548693A (en) * 1945-08-24 1951-04-10 Ici Ltd Process of producing explosives containing ammonium nitrate
DE1771480B1 (en) * 1967-06-02 1971-11-11 Du Pont Water-based explosives mixture
US4353758A (en) * 1979-11-29 1982-10-12 Akst Irving B Direct process for explosives
US4481048A (en) * 1982-02-03 1984-11-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Explosive double salts and preparation
US5411615A (en) * 1993-10-04 1995-05-02 Thiokol Corporation Aluminized eutectic bonded insensitive high explosive

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2460375A (en) * 1941-09-15 1949-02-01 Ici Ltd Granular or powder explosives and their manufacture
US2434872A (en) * 1942-11-06 1948-01-20 Ici Ltd Manufacture of compact combustible explosive charges
US2455205A (en) * 1945-08-24 1948-11-30 Ici Ltd Compositions suitable for use as gas and power producing liquids
US2548693A (en) * 1945-08-24 1951-04-10 Ici Ltd Process of producing explosives containing ammonium nitrate
DE1771480B1 (en) * 1967-06-02 1971-11-11 Du Pont Water-based explosives mixture
US4353758A (en) * 1979-11-29 1982-10-12 Akst Irving B Direct process for explosives
US4481048A (en) * 1982-02-03 1984-11-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Explosive double salts and preparation
US5411615A (en) * 1993-10-04 1995-05-02 Thiokol Corporation Aluminized eutectic bonded insensitive high explosive

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR742312A (en) 1933-03-04

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