US1967001A

US1967001A - Compressor

Info

Publication number: US1967001A
Application number: US562303A
Authority: US
Inventors: Vorech Stephen; Jr Stephen Johnson
Original assignee: Bendix Westinghouse Automotive Air Brake Co
Current assignee: Bendix Westinghouse Automotive Air Brake Co
Priority date: 1931-09-11
Filing date: 1931-09-11
Publication date: 1934-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 1951-07-17

Description

July 17, 1934. s. VORECH El AL 1 1,967,001

COMPRESSOR Filed Sept. 11. 1931 4 Sheets-Shet 1 mmvrozz. 5TEPHE/V Vans-cw By jTEPHE/V JO/i/VJOMJI:

Fla. 2

A TTORNE Y.

July 17, 1934. a V RECH AL I 1,967,001

COMPRESSOR Filed Sept. 11, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 57PHW Wise/i BY firm/1'5 Jam/so,

FIG. 3

A TTORNE Y.

July 17, 1934.. s. VORECH EIAL COMPRESSOR Filed Sept. 11, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 5 YEP/11w Jab/V5344 MZAZZOIQNE Y.

- l luu @atentecl July 1?, i9

earner (DQDMPEESSQE Stephen Vorech and Stephen Johnson, lira, lPittsburgh, iia assignom to Bendix-Westinghouse Automotive Air Brake Company, fittsburgh, Pa, a corporation-oi liiieiaware Application September ill, 1193i, Serial No. StZJitlt 19 (Claims.

This invention relates to compressors, and more particularly to compressors employed as part of the air brake and air starter equipment of automotive vehicles.

u lthas been proposed to mount the compressor at the side of the engine of the vehicle, andiurther to lubricate the moving parts thereof from the force teed lubrication system or the engine. it is the principal object or the invention to im- 1 prove such structural features, and to this end there is suggested a very rigid mounting for the compressor, the compressor crank case and engine crank case being so constructed and arranged as to efiectively cooperate in providing the desired mounting as'weli as providing a means for conducting the oil from the engine to the compressor.

In the arrangements disclosed, the oil, after lubricating the compressor parts, is permitted to 28 drain back to the engine case by gravity through relatively large intercommunicating openings in the respective cases.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for sealing the oil from the end bearings of the compressor, particularly of the ball type, in a structure for lubricating the connecting rod bearings and wherein the oil is transmitted through ducts in the crank shaft.

Other objects of the invention and desirable details of construction will become apparent from a reading of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view, taken on line 1--1 of Figure 2, through an automotive air compressor embodying certain features of our invention;

Figure 2 is an end view of the compressor of Figure 1, the mounting being shown in section;

Figure 3 discloses in detail the oil seal construction for the compressor of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a View similar to Figure 1 showing a difierent type of mounting construction, the

section being taken on line 44 of Figure 5;

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 2 disclosing the mounting of Figure 4 in greater detail;

Figure 6 discloses a further modification oi compressor mounting;

Figure '7 discloses in combination with conventional compressor structure one form of end bearing oil seal construction.

Figure 7A discloses a modified form of drive for the compressor disclosed in Figure '7;

Figure 8 discloses in detail a further modified form of mounting structure; and

9 discloses another modification of oil seal for the end bearing,

In that embodiment at our invention disclosed in Figures 1 and 2 there is shown a compressor structure of generally conventional type compris- @0

ing cylinders

10 and 12 housing reciprocable pistons 14 connected by the'usual connecting rods 16 to a compressor crank shaft 18 by the usual bearings 20.

The invention is particularly concerned with to the means for lubricating the aforementioned connecting rod bearings, and to this end the force feed lubricatingsystem of the engine may be employed to useful advantage, all in combination with a very rigid mounting for the com- 7o pressor, the letter also being a feature of our invention. As disclosed in detail in Figures 1 and 2, interconnecting ducts 22, 24:, 2d and 28 in the engine case so and lower half 32 of the compressor case provide a conduit for the oil, under a con stant head or pressure from the engine lubricating system, and which oil is communicated by duct :i'direct to a chamber 36 adjoining an end bearing of the compressor crank shaft. Ducts 38, i0 and 4.2 are provided, in the compressor case, to permit the compressor to be reversed on its mounting and maintain the aforementioned oiling system. A duct 44 is also provided as a drain and is normally closed by plug 46. An axially directed opening at of comparatively small bore serves to transmit the oil from chamber 36 to the interconnecting

ducts

50, 52 and 5t in the crank shaft 18, which ducts extend to the connecting rod bearings 20 to lubricate the same.

Referring now to the mounting of the comto pressor aforementioned, the lower half 32 or the compressor crank case is iormed as a boss cast with the engine case 30 and projects laterallythereirom as clearly disclosed in Figure 2. The upper half of the compressor case is bolted or otherwise securely fixed to the lower half by fastenings 56. The compressor is thus rigidly mounted in position. It will furthermore be noted that the hollow interior of the lower half of the compressor case provides a relatively large grav- 10:, ity return to the engine case for the oil thrown from the connecting rod bearings.

In order to insure an oil-tight joint between the engine and compressor crank case, a recess 11 is formed in the base of the compressor crank case adapted to receive a. suitable gasket 13. The recess 11 is formed interiorly of the peripheral edge of the compressor crank case so that the edges of the gasket are enclosed and metal to metal contact is provided between the engine and compressor crank cases at the periphery of the joint therebetween. The gasket 13 is provided with openings 15 registering with the

oil ducts

28, 42 and 44 to provide an oil-tight passage when the parts are assembled. In mounting the compressor on the engine crank case a gasket 13 of any suitable material, such, for example, as cork, is set in the recess 11 the thickness of the gasket being slightly greater than the depth of the recess. The fastening bolts are then inserted and drawn down tightly compressing the gasket until the metallic rim surrounding the recess is in direct contact with the engine crank case, the gasket then being tightly pressed between the compressor and engine crank cases to form an oil-tight seal both around the oil ducts and between the engine and compressor crank cases. The metal to metal contact between the engine and compressor crank cases protects the gasket, provides a more rigid joint between the compressor and the engine and enables the compressor to be located very accurately, thus insuring proper alignment between the compressor and its drive means.

The end bearings of the crank shaft are preferably of the ball type and with the construction shown, that is with the oil fed direct through the shaft, some means must be provided for sealing oil the chamber 36 from the .end bearing as well as the driven end or stub shaft 58. To this'end a sealing member 60, which may be a washer of leather or equivalent material, is firmly pressed at its outer periphery against the outer face of the ball race 62 by a spring 64.

35.periphery the washer or gasket is urged into contact with the race by the four prongs of a spring washer member 66 securely attached to the inner face of bearing cap 68. A standard form of gland 70 may be provided to obviate the loss of oil outwardly of the shaft. The

springs

64 and 68 also serve to maintain the ball bearing structure firmly in position. A very compact oil seal structure is thus provided permitting a direct communication from the engine lubricating system to a chamber adjacent the end bearing and thence direct to the connecting rod bearings.

A recess '71 similar to recess 11 shown in Fig. 1 is provided in the compressor crank case adapted to receive a gasket 73, the gasket having openings registeringwith the oil ducts. The recess 71 is formed interiorly of the periphery of the compressor crank case so that the outer periphery of the gasket is entirely enclosed and metal to metal contact is provided at the periphery of the joint between the engine and compressor.-

crank cases. 1

As disclosed in Figures 4 and 5, the lower half 72 of the compressor crank case may be constructed to be bolted direct to a boss 74 on the engine case by fastenings 76. In Figure 4 we have also disclosed a slightly different form of oil seal wherein the gasket 78 is secured to the outer ball race by a cap member 80, the cap thus serving,

together with the spring 84, to hold the gasket in position.

In Figure 6 there is disclosed a further modification of compressor mounting wherein an in clined boss 86 on the compressor case complements a similar boss 88 on the engine case, the two being rigidly secured together by bolts or equivalent fastenings so. In both types of mountings disclosed in Figures 5 and 6 the oil thrown from the connecting rod bearings is returned to the engine case and. thence to the engine sump At its inner by means of the intercommunicating openings in the compressor and engine cases.

In Figure 7 there is disclosed another type of oil seal and end bearing structure, juxtaposed and similar ball bearing units 92 being separated by a collar 94 bored at 96 to conduct the lubricating oil from the chamber defined by the units to a groove 98 in a timing gear driven crank shaft 99 and thence via ducts in the shaft to the connecting rod bearings. A light spring 100 serves, in conjunction with caps 102 and the pressure of the oil, to retain the sealing gaskets 104 in position. If desired, a small hole 106 may be provided in the outer gasket 104 to pass lubricant to the outer bearing unit. The inner bearing units in all of the modification disclosed are lubricated by the spray of oil thrown from the connecting rods.

If desired, the crank shaft of Figure 7 may be driven by 'a V-belt pulley 101 keyed to a stub shaft 103 journaled in bearing and connected to the crank shaft at 107, all as disclosed in Figure IA.

In Figure 8 there is disclosed a further modiiied form of sealing and bearing structure wherein the thickness of the bearing cap 108 is such as to completely cover the side face of the bearing unit 110, a small annular pocket 112 in communication with the shaft duct 114 and supply duct 116 serving to provide a reservoir for the oil. A gasket 118 is clamped between the cap and the bearing unit to obviate ingress of oil to the unit, and a gland structure 120 completes the sealing structure.

There is disclosed in Figure 9 a modified form of oil return structure wherein a baiile 122 functions, in conjunction with the oil 124, pocketed in the base of the compressor crank case at 125, to obviate gaseous communication between the engine and compressor cases. The fumes from the engine case are thus prevented from entering the compressor case. An opening 126 in the engine case serves to drain the surplus oil in the compressor case back to'the engine case and thus maintain a constant level of oil in the pocket 125. A breather 127 is provided in the compressor case to compensate for any back pressure which may be developed in the case.

It is not our intention to limit the scope of the invention to the particular structures described and disclosed, nor otherwise than by the terms of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A compressor structure comprising, in combination with a crank case of an internal combustion engine, an integral projection extending outwardly from said case forming the lower half of the crank case of a compressor, said projection being hollow to provide free communication between said engine case and said compressor case, together with an upper compressor crank c'ase member detachably secured to said lower crank case member, said crank case members being provided with a plurality of intercommunicating ducts connected to one end bearing of the compressor at one end of the series of ducts and to the pressure lubricating system of the engine at the other end of said series.

2. In a compressor structure, upper and lower crank case members together constituting a crank case of 2. compressor, said upper member being provided in its side walls with oppositely inclined oil ducts, other ducts extending substantially right angularly of said inclined ducts and a longitudinally extending duct interconnecting d fast mentioned ductsall of saidayiorementioned ducts intercommunicating to. provide a conduit for the transference of a lubricant andfu ither providing a system of ducts symmetricallyg are ranged in the crank case membein,

3. A compressor mounting. structrecomprising a hoilow angularly extending lower part of a one piece compressor crank casememben a boss projecting from one side of'the crank case of an internal combustion engine aboutanopena ing therein and means for detachably secu r.1ng said compressor crank case member to, sa1 d engine boss portion to complete the mounting-strum, ture, said parts being provided in-the thickness.

of their side walls with intercommun icating dubts providing a means for transmitting lubricant to moving parts of the compressor..

d. A compressor mounting comprisingin 00mg bination with the crank case of an internalcombustion engine, said case havingia hollow pro-f iection integral therewithand extending iaterailytherefrom, a bafiie member-secured to said projection and extending inwardly into the hollow thereof, together with an. upper-casing memsaid engine case opposite said projection being provided with an opening adjacent said baffle member.

6. in a compressor having a crank case and a crank shaft therein, lubricating means comprising a ball bearing unit interposed between said case and shaft at one end of the latter, an end bearing cap member secured to said case, said cap member being recessed in one end thereof to provide, with said shaft and bearing, an oil reservoir, an oil sealing gasket positioned against one side face of said bearing unit and a plurality of spring members arranged and tensioned between said cap and gasket, and urging the latter into engagement with said unit.

'3. In a compressor having a crank case and a crank shaft therein, lubricating means comprising a ball bearing unit interposed between said case and shaft at one end of the latter, an end bearing cap member secured to said case, said cap member being recessed in one end thereof to provide, with said shaft and bearing, an oil reservoir, an oil sealing gasket positioned against one side face of said bearing unit, and a plurality of spring members arranged and tensioned between said cap and gasket and urging the latter into engagement with said unit, one of said spring members being provided with a plurality of prongs contacting with said gasket at its inner periphery.

8. In a compressor having a crank case and a crank shaft therein, lubricating means comprising a plurality of spaced ball bearing units positioned in a recess formed in the crank case at one end of the crank shaft, a spacer collar member interposed between said units, gasket members positioned in th space between said units and against the side faces of the same together with yieldable means for urging-saidgasket firmly into contact with saidnnits,

biricating. means comprising a bearing unit supportingone end of said crank shaft, a chamber surrounding said crank shaft adjacent said bear- ,flflilna compressor having a crank shaft, lu-

bricating' means comprising a bearing unit supportingonejend of said crank shaft, a chamber surrounding said crank shaft adjacent said bearing' unit, a passage foriconducting lubricant into said chamber, a lubricant sealing gasket positioned against said bearing unit to prevent leakage of said lubricantfrom said chamber through said unit, resilient means in said chamber for holding said gasket against said bearing unit, lubricant sealing means between said chamber and crank shaft to prevent leakage of lubricant from said chamber along the crank shaft, and a passage for conducting lubricant from said chamber into said crank shaft.

' il'j frr a compressor having a crank case and a crank shaft, lubricating means comprising a pair of spaced bearing units mounted in a chamber in said crank case and supporting one end of said crank shaft, a passage for conducting lubricant into said chamber between said bearing units, sealing gaskets positioned against said bearing units to prevent flow of lubricant from said chamber through said bearing units, and a sec- .9...In'a compressor having a crank shaft, lu-

0nd passage for conducting lubricant from said chamber into said crank shaft.

12. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a crank case and a pressure lubricating system, a compressor comprising a crank case adapted to be directly secured to the crank case of the engine, a crank shaft in said compressor crank case, and intercommunicating ducts in said compressor and engine crank cases, the duct in said engine crank case communicating with the pressure lubricating system of the engine.

13. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a crank case and apressure lubricating system, a compressor comprising a crank case adapted to be directly secured to the crank case of the engine, a crank shaft in said compressor crank case, intercommunicating ducts in said compressor and engine crank cases, the duct in said engine crank case communicating with the pressure lubricating system of the engine, and the duct in said compressor crank case communicating with the compressor crank shaft, and an intercommunicating passage between said compressor and engine crank cases for returning excess lubricant from said compressor crank case to said engine crank case.

14. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a crank case, a compressor comprising a crank case adapted to be directly secured to said engine crank case, registering openings in said compressor and engine crank cases, one of said crank cases being recessed around said openings, and a gasket mounted in said recess, the outer periphery of said gasket being wholly contained within said recess.

15. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a crank case, a compressor comprising a crank case adapted to be directly secured to said engine crank case, registering openings in said compressor and engine crank cases', and a gasket surrounding said openings and disposed between said engine and compressor crank cases, the outer portion of said compressor crank case being in direct contact with tion engine having a crank case, a compressor including a crank case adapted to be directly secured to said engine crank case, intercommunieating ducts in said engine and compressor crank cases, and a gasket between said engine and compressor crank cases having an opening therethrough which communicates with said ducts, a portion of said compressor crank case being in direct contact with said engine crank case.

ana-001 I 18. In, a compressor having a crankcase and a crank shaft, lubricating means comprising 'a pair of spaced bearing units mounted in a chamher in said crank case and supporting one end of said crank shaft, a passage for conducting lubricant into said chamber between said bearing units, means positioned between said units for preventing escape of lubricant from said chamber throu h a d units, and a second passage for conducting lubricant from said chamber into said crank shaft.

19. In a compressor having a crank case and a crank shaft, lubricating means comprising a pair of spaced bearing units mounted in the chamber in said crank case and supporting one end of said crank shaft, an annular spacer member positioned between said bearing units and carried by said crank shaft, a passage for conducting lubricant into said chamber between said bearing units, means positioned between said units for preventing escape of lubricant from said chamber through said units, a passage in the crank shaft, and means for conducting lubricant to said crank shaft passage including a plurality of ports.

through said spacer member.

STEPHEN JOHNSON, JR. STEPHEN VORECH.