US1965163A - Two speed drive for spinning frames - Google Patents

Description

J. L. TRUSLOW TWO-SPEED DRIVE FOR SPINNING FRAMES July 3, 1934.

Filed May 11. 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEYS.

JulyS, 1934. J. L, TRUSLOW 1,965,163

TWO-SPEED DRIVE FOR SPINNING FRAMES- Filed May 11, 1953 3 heets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

B'Y ATTORNEYS.

July 3, 1934. J, us ow 1,965,163

TWO-SPEED DRIVE FOR SPINNING FRAMES Filed May 11, 1935 I5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

' ATTORR E\ 5'- Patented July 3, 1934 UNETED STATES PATENT GFFICE TWO SPEED DRIVE FOR SPINNING FRAMES Application May 11, 1933, Serial No. 670,522

7 Claims.

This invention relates to ring spinning frames used in the production of cotton or other yarns. In the operation of such spinning frames it is found that the yarn tension is greatest at the start of a new wind after doffing, and that the tension is gradually and substantially decreased as the winding of the bobbins proceeds. Consequently it is desirable to operate a spinning frame at relatively low speed at the beginning of a new wind after dofing, and to operate the frame at a relatively higher speed when the winding has progressed to a point where the yarn tension is substantially reduced.

It is the general object of our invention to provide a ring spinning frame with means for conveniently and definitely increasing the speed thereof, together with control mechanism operating automatically to thus definitely increase the speed at a predetermined point in the winding operation. We further provide means by which both the time and the extent of speed variation may be varied.

A further object of our invention is to provide control mechanism so designed that it will be reset by the usual winding back of the builder lever and without other attention from the operator.

Our invention further relates to arrangements and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

A preferred form of the invention is shown in the drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a partial side elevation of a ring spinning frame embodying our improvements;

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional side elevation, taken along the line 22 in Fig. 1;

Fig.3 is a side elevation of the builder mechanism shown in Fig. 2 but with the parts in a different position;

Fig. i is a side elevation of a builder mechanism for winding warp bobbins;

Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional side elevations of filling-wound and Warp-wound bobbins respectively;

Fig. 7 is a detail plan view of a portion of a ring rail and spinning rings supported thereby, and

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical connections by which the speed is varied.

As previously stated, the yarn tension is found to vary widely in the winding of a bobbin of either the filling-wound or warp-wound type, and in both cases the yarn tension is greatest at the beginning of a new Wind and when winding on a substantially empty bobbin.

One reason for the increased yarn tension with an empty bobbin is clearly shown in Fig. '7, in which we have shown spinning rings a and b 6 mounted on a ring rail 10 and provided with travelers 11 and 12.

The condition as to yarn tension when winding on a substantially bare bobbin is shown in connection with the ring a, traveler 11 and empty bobbin 13, whereas the condition as to yarn tension when winding on a partially filled bobbin is shown in connection with the ring 2), traveler 10 and partially filled bobbin 14:.

It is evident that the yarn Y running from the traveler 11 to the substantially bare bobbin 13 makes a very sharp angle with the direction of movement of the traveler around the ring, so that the yarn pull on the traveler 11 is exerted at a great mechanical disadvantage. On the other hand, it is evident that the yarn Y running from the partially filled bobbin 14 to the traveler 12 makes a much less acute angle with the path of movement of the traveler 12 around the ring 1), so that the yarn tension on the traveler 12 is applied much more advantageously and with correspondingly less strain on the yarn.

It is accordingly apparent that the larger the diameter of the body of yarn on the bobbin, the less is the strain on the yarn at a given speed.

A further cause of variation in yarn tension is caused by the increase in centrifugal action or ballooning as the distance from the yarn guide 16 (Fig. 2) to the traveler 11 and ring (1 increases. It is obvious that this distance gradually de- 9 creases as the bobbins are wound and this decrease is particularly noticeable in the winding of the filling type bobbin B shown in Fig. 5.

After the lower or darkly shaded portion of the bobbin B is wound as indicated at 18 in Fig. 5, the remaining or lightly shaded portion 19 of the winding will be completed under very substantially less yarn tension, assuming that the bobbin spindle speed remains unchanged. Similarly in the warp-wound bobbin B shown in Fig. 6, the increase in diameter of the winding on the bobbin is accompanied by a decrease in length of traverse, both of which elements contribute to a substantial reduction in yarn tension.

It is evident, therefore, that the spindle speed is determined by conditions arising at the beginning of a new wind after dofiing and that it is necessary to limit the speed to such a rate as will not occasion an undue amount of yarn breakage. 110

It is further evident that after the winding is partially completed, as indicated by the darkly shaded area 18 in Fig. 5 or 20 in Fig. 6, the speed of the winding may be substantially increased, increasing the production of yarn without a. corresponding increase in yarn breakage.

We will now describe our improved mechanism by which this most desirable result is attained.

We have shown our invention embodied in a spinning frame having a frame 30, a spindle rail 31 supporting a plurality of spindles S, a spindle driving cylinder 32 mounted on a driving shaft 33, and a ring rail 34 mounted on lifter bars 35 slidable in the spindle rail 31 and engaged by rock arms 36 joined together by a link or bar 37 and connected by a chain 38 to a builder mechanism indicated generally by the letter C.

The cylinder driving shaft 33 is connected by a belt 39 to an electric motor M provided with a special control box 40. As shown in the drawings, the motor is of the alternating current wound motor induction or slip ring type, operating with three-phase current and having three primary terminals T, T and T and three secondary terminals S, S and S The motor M is also provided with resistances R, R and R which resistances may be adjusted to vary the initial or slow speed. The control devices for the motor M include a starting switch 41, magnet or solenoid coils 42 and 43, a time relay 44, a speed-control switch 45, a switch 46 for the coil 43, main line switches 48, and resistance cut-out switches 49.

At the start of a winding operation the speed control switch is open and the resistances R, R and R are in circuit to effect motor operation at relatively slow speed. If the switch 41 is now closed, the coil 42 will be energized to close the main line switches 48, thereby starting the motor. The action of the resistances is such that the motor starts gradually and smoothly, so that breakage of yarn ends is substantially avoided.

At a. given point in the operation of winding a set of bobbins, the speed control switch 45 will be closed by mechanism to be described, thus energizing the time relay 44, which relay after an interval of a few seconds closes the switch 46 associated with the magnet or solenoid coil 43. This coil 43 is thus energized and closes the resistance cut-out switches 49, whereupon the speed of the motor is increased in a definite ratio and thereafter operates at a predetermined higher speed.

If the machine is stopped while operating at the higher speed, the speed control switch 45 will remain closed but the time relay 44 will be deenergized, thus causing the switch 46 to open, which in turn deenergizes the coil 43 and causes the cut-out switches 49 to open, thus restoring the resistances R, R and R to operative position.

When the machine is again started, the resistances act as before described to cause the motor to pick up speed gradually and at the end of the time period of the relay 44, the switch 46 will be again closed, causing operation of the switches 49 to cut out the resistances, and thereby causing the motor to thereafter operate at the higher speed.

When the winding of a set of bobbins is completed and the buildermechanism is re-set to start the winding of a new set of bobbins, the speed control switch 45 is simultaneously opened with the opening of which 41, thus restoring the connections to their original condition, so that the spinning frame will again operate at low speed during the initial winding of a new set of bobbins.

By varying the resistances R, R and R the increase in speed at the closing of the switch 45 may be controlled and predetermined, and by adjustments to be described the point in the bobbin winding at which the speed control switch 45 is closed may also be selectively varied.

The closing of the switch 45 is under the control of the builder mechanism C and will first be described with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 showing builder mechanism for effecting a filling wind. The builder mechanism shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is in general of a commercial type and comprises a builder lever 50 pivoted at 51 and having a roll 52 positioned for engagement by a builder cam 53 supported and slowly rotated by a shaft 54.

The chain 38 previously described is connected to the outer end of a lever 55, also pivoted at 51, and having a concave surface 56 engaged by a stud 57 on a segmental rack bar 58. The rack bar 58 is slidable in segmental guideways 59 on the builder lever 50 and is moved and positioned by a worm 60.

The worm 60 is mounted on a worm shaft 61 rotatable'in bearings on the builder lever 50 and having a ratchet wheel 62 intermittently advanced by a pawl 63 (Fig. 1) mounted on a rocking lever 64 which is given a feeding movement at each oscillation of the builder lever 50. The extent of the feeding movement is determined by the position of collars and '76 on a rod '77 pivotally connected to one end of the lever 64, said collars engaging a guide plate 68 supported on the under side of the spindle rail 31.

As the rack bar 58 is moved to the right from the position shown in Fig. 2 toward the position shown in Fig. 3, the lever 55 moves upward relative to the builder lever 50 and the locus of movement of the ring rails 34 is thereby raised so that the winding of the bobbin B progresses as indicated at Fig. 5.

All parts of the builder mechanism C thus far described are of the usual construction and in themselves form no part of our present invention.

The speed control switch 45 previously described is mounted on the under side of the builder lever 50 and is provided with a switch arm 65 having a roll 66 engaging a concave surface on an arm 6'7 secured to the lever 55 by screws 68 extending through slots 69.

At the beginning of the winding of a new set of bobbins after dofling, the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2, and the arms 67 on the lever 55 holds the switch arm 65 in the position shown in Fig. 2, with the switch 45 open.

As the winding progresses, the arm 67 moves upward toward the final position shown in Fig. 3, and at a predetermined point in its upward movement the end of the arm 6'7 clears the roll 66, so that the switch arm 65 may swing to the left in Fig. 3, closing the speed control switch 45 to energize the coil 43 and to cause the motor M to operate at increased speed as previously described.

The screw and slot connection of the arm 67 to the lever 55 permits the operator to selectively vary the point in the winding at which the arm 6'? clears the roll 66 and permits closing of the switch 45.

After the winding of the set of bobbins has been completed at relatively high speed, the ratchet wheel 62 'and worm 60 are rotated manually in a backward direction to return the rack bar 58 to the position shown in Fig. 2 and this return movement simultaneously depresses the lever 55 and causes the arm 6'7 to again engage the roll 66 and to swing the switch arm to the initial position shown in Fig. 2, thus opening the speed control switch 45.

t is thus evident that the speed of operation is automatically shifted to high speed at a predetermined point in the winding of a set or" bobbins, and that on the resetting of the builder mechanism the motor M is automatically connected for low speed operation when the machine is again started on a new wind after the full bobbins have been doffed.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a slightly modified construction by which our invention is adapted to the winding of warp bobbins. For this purpose a single lobe or heart cam 70 is substituted for the cam 53 and the chain 38 is connected direct to the rack bar 58. The speed control switch 45 is mounted on the builder lever 50 by screws 71 extending through slots '72 and the switch arm '73 is positioned for direct engagement with the stud 57 on the rack bar 58. As the stud 5'7 is moved to the right in Fig. 4 by the intermittent feeding action of the ratchet wheel 62 and worm 60, the stud 5'7 gradually clears the arm '73, permitting the same to move upward to the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. i, in which position the speed control switch 45 is closed, causing the motor M to operate at increased speed as previously described.

When the rack bar 58 is returned to its initial position at the time of doffing, it is obvious that the stud 5'7 will re-engage the switch arm 73 and return the same to the full line open position shown in Fig. 4.

Our improved two-speed drive is thus applicable to either filling-wind or warp-wind operations and with very slight alteration in the commercial builder mechanism already in use. Furthermore, both the time and the amount of speed increase may be selectively determined.

It is found that an increase in yarn tension also occurs when the ring rail 34 approaches its highest position, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, this increase in tension being due to the very short distance between the traveler and the thread guide 16.

In conection with the high speed operation uring the latter part of the winding of filling bobbins, as in i-cated in Figs. 2 and 5, we find it desirable to mount the thread guides 16 on a supporting bar 80, which bar is mounted on secondary lifter rods 81 engaged by rolls 82 on the rock 36 and relatively close to th pivotal bearings 83 thereof.

The thread guides 16 are thus given a limited vertical travel and occupy the raised position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 when the ring rail 34 is at its highest position. The shortest distance from the traveler to the thread guide is thus substantially doubled, with a corresponding decrease in yarn tension at the end of the Winding.

From the foregoing description of our invention and of the application thereof to both filling-wind and warp-wind operation, it will be cvident that we have provided very simple and convenient mechanism for automatically increasing the speed or" operation of a spinning frame at a predetermined point in the of a set of bobbins and for restoring the initial or slow speed operation as the builder mechanism is reset at the time of doffing.

Having thus described our invention and the advantages thereof, we do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, otherwise than as set forth in the claims, but what we claim is:

1. In a spinning frame having a plurality of spindles and a builder mechanism, in combination, an alternating current motor connected to drive said spindles and provided with speed varying resistances, a high speed switch, and devices controlled by said switch effective to cut out said resistances and to thereby increase the speed of said motor in a predetermined ratio and at a predetermined point in a bobbin winding operation, said devices including a time relay, a second switch controlled thereby, a coil controlled by said second switch, and resistance cut-out switches controlled by said coil.

2. In a spinning frame having a plurality of spindles and a builder mechanism, in combination, an alternating current motor connected to drive said spindles and provided with speed varying resistances, a high speed switch, and devices controlled by said switch effective to cut out said resistances and to thereby increase the speed of said motor in a predetermined ratio and at a predetermined point in a bobbin winding operation, said high speed switch being mounted on a part of said builder mechanism and being changed as to operative condition by engagement thereof by another part of said builder mechanism movable relatively to said first part as the bobbin winding operation proceeds.

3. In a spinning frame having a plurality of spindles and a builder mechanism, in combina tion, an alternating current motor connected to drive said spindles and provided with speed varying resistances, a high speed switch, and devices controlled by said switch eifective to cut out said resistances and to thereby increase the speed of said motor in a predetermined ratio and at a predetermined point in a bobbin winding operation, said builder mechanism comprising a builder lever, a raclr bar movable in guideways thereon, and means to move said rack bar in said guideways, said high speed switch being mounted on said builder lever and having a switch arm held from movement by a part associated with said rack bar until the bobbin winding operation has reached a predetermined point.

4. In a spinning frame, a builder lever, a speed control switch mounted thereon and having a switch arm, a rack bar movable in guideways on said builder lever, means to intermittently move said rack bar, and means on said rack bar effect ing a change in position of said switch arm when said rack bar has received a predetermined movement in said guideways, said switch being adjustable on said lever to vary the extent of said predetermined movement before said switch arm is changed in position.

5. In a spinning frame, a builder lever, a speed control s vitch mounted thereon and having a switch arm, a rack bar movable in guideways on said builder lever, means to intermittently move said rack bar, and means on said rack bar effecting a change in position of said switch arm when said rack bar has received a predetermined movement in said guideways, said means being adjustab-le on said rack bar to vary the extent of said predetermined movement before said switch arm is changed in position.

6. In a spinning frame, a builder lever, a speed control switch mounted thereon and having a switch arm, a rack bar movable in guideways on said builder lever, means to intermittently move said rack bar, and means on said rack bar effecting a change in position of said switch arm when said rack bar has received a predetermined movement in said guideways, said rack bar having a lug engaging said switch arm when in initial winding position and thereafter releasing said switch arm at a predetermined point in the bobbin-winding operation.

JAlVIES L. TRUSLOW.

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