US1963288A - Device for emptying refuse receptacles - Google Patents

Description

FM ATTO RN E Y O. BALLERT DEVICE FOR EMPTYING REFUSE RECEPTACLES Filed April 2l.

June l19, 1934.

Patented June 19, 1934 UNITED j STATES PATENT OFFICE Fon EMPTYING REFUSE i.

RECEPTACLES A om Baurt,ia`r1in;=germany f Application April Z1, 1932,

rial No. 606,659 l `In vGermany April .11, 1931 1 claims. (Ci. 214-67) My invention relates to a device for emptying refuse receptacles into refuse-collecting vehicles or refuse-collecting tanks. Devices of this nature, in which the refuse-receptacles are tipped 5 and emptied by motor, are already known. Apart from the fact that such contrivances are complicated and heavy, and necessitate lengthy transmitting mechanism between the motor and the end of the truck. they above all'hav'e the disadvantage, that with them itis impossible by simple means to lift up and put down again the refuse-containers in a gentle manner. 'On' the contrary, the violent shocks to which the containers are. subjected during the 4emptying A11 these disadvantages are obviated by thev present invention, which consists in the refusecontainers being tipped over by means of a hydraulically actuated device, said device being so arranged as to be either fixed to the tippable body ofthe collecting vehicle, or, if the body is immovable, on the oscillatable rearboard of the vehicle; and further in the fact of the pressureuid being delivered by a pipe passed through the axis of the body or through the axis of the oscillatable rearboard. Preferably the pressureuid is supplied by the same pumpas supplies the pressure-fluid actuating the tilting-device. The device can thereby ybe so arranged, thatonly one motion of the refuse-container isvactuated `r`by the pressure-huid, and the return of the "refuse-container effected by means of a spring,

the expelled pressure-fluid thus acting as a brake and preventing a too sudden` slackening of the spring.y A second embodiment of the invention consists in both the lifting-up and the returning of the refuse-container being actuated hydraulically. 'Ihe use of the tilting-lever mechanism for moving the refuse-containers is already known. The present invention embodies an improvement thereon in allowing of the two tiltinglevers to be uncoupled free of each other, thus enabling the refuse-container together with its tilting-levers to be operated by hand alone, without being dependent upon the arm actuated by the pressure-huid. f

In the drawing two embodimentsv of the device are shown diagrammatically.

Figs. 1-5 show a hydraulic device in which the return ofthe lower tilting lever is effected by tautened springs.

Figs. 6 and 7 show a purely hydraulic device.

In Figs. 1 to 4 and 6,y the tilting lever is shown in dotted lines in an extreme position to'which it may be moved and in which it is entirely out of contact with the container support.

In the drawing 1 designates the container resting on a shoulder -2 of the container-lifting arm 3, which is provided with two guide-rails 4 forming below an open slit. The lifting-arm 3 is fixed pivotally on the shoot 6 fixed on the rear side of-the truck body. 38. In theguide-rails 4 run the rollers 7 of the hydraulically operated tiltinglever 8 iixed upon a shaft 9, which is lodged at 10 on the body' 38 of the truck. On the one end of the shaft-9 is xed a chain-wheel 11, over which a chain 12 runs. The one end of the chain l2 is connected with the piston-rod 13 of the hydraulic piston 14 which slides in the hydraulic cylinder 15. The other end of the chain is joined to a I 'od 16, which is connectedwith an adjustable crosspiece 17.` Between crosspiece 17 and the xed stop 18 a coil-spring 19 is provided. When the refuse-container is raised this spring remains in tension throughout' thel whole'length of the stroke. On bolt 16 there is provided a furtherspring 20, held between crosspiece 17 and a stop-ring 21. When the motion of the chain ceases, after the refuse-container is lifted, this stop-ring abuts upon the edge of the stop 1`8,`and in case the motion continues, brings thspring 20 into tension. The purpose rof this spring is to draw back .the refuse-container immediately the hydraulic-pressure ceases, thus causing the shaking movement which ensures the. complete emptying o f the truck. The cylinder 15 and stop l 18 are held together by two metal side-sheets 23 so as to forma closed unit. A part of this closed unit is formed also by the guide-rails 24 for the rchain 12. These guide-rails are necessary to prevent the chain from Vjumping the chain wheel 11 when the lever 8 is operated by` hand, and thus to ensure the chain moving the piston. The hydraulic device is supplied with pressure-fluid from a pressure-tube 25, whichy tube inthe embodiment shownin Fig.- 1 turns upon thetilting pivot 37 of the body, the tilting-pivotf37 being mounted on the chassis 39. Iii-fthe device is mounted on the oscillatable rear-boardof-a rigidly xed non-tiltable truck-body, the pressureiiuid is supplied through a tube passingthrough the axis of the-rear-board. In lthe embodiment shown in Figs. 1-5, P designates the pump and B the yreservoir for the pressure-fluid.'v The pressure-fluid is passed through pressure-tube 25 into a steering-box 40, and when the control-valve 27 is opened runs back through pipe 26 `into the reservoir B. As soon as control-valve 27 is moved to the right by the control-lever 28, and the ,flow

. through pipe 26 is thus stopped, the pressurefluid passesinto the annular chamber 41 of the .cylinder 15 and pushes the piston to the right,

thereby causing the refuse-container to be lifted. As soon as the control-valve is opened and the pressure falls, the return movement is effected,

first by means of springs 19and 20, and finally by spring 19.

In the embodiment shown inr Figs. 6 and 7 th recoil spring is absent, and the device insteadris worked entirely hydraulic-ally, the chain in this, case being an endless one and conducted over a second chain-wheel 11a. `.In this .arrangement the chain at that point is connected by means of a catch 29 with piston-rod 30 and piston 31. This piston moves inside a cylinder 32, said cylinder being closed and caulked at both ends, and the pressure-fluid being deliveredinto the space before and behind the piston through two pressuretubes 33 and 34 respectively. Controlvalve 35 in this case is made double-seated, so that when control-lever 36' is lifted, both chambers of the hydraulic cylinder are supplied with the presy sure-duid and the piston is pushed forward to the right, whereas when the control-lever 36 is in the extreme pulled-over position, only the annular chamber is subjected to pressure and the piston 31 presses back the fluid through pipe 33 into the reservoir, whereby the piston moves to tainer, this being made possible by the fact that the slit in the guide-rails 4 is open below and thus allows the rollers 7 to leave the slit; so that lever 3 may be lifted without lever 8 of the hydraulic device being in any way affected.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 4 particularly of the drawing of this application, operation of the mechanism to provide a shaking of the refuse can for the purpose of dislodging any material sticking or frozen to the sides is accomplished in the following manner. By closing thevalve 27 of the control mechanism governing the fluid pressure in the conduit 25, the pressure fluid enters the annular space 41 and shifts the piston 14 with its rod 13 to the right, and through the intermediation of `a chain 12, the chain wheel 11 is caused to operate. The operation of the chain wheel 11 which is keyed to the axle or shaft 9 by means of a lever 8 fastened thereon, swings the container 1 upward into the position as shown in Figure 2. In this raised position resulting from the connections involving the stop 17 and the spring members as well as the chain 12, the spiral spring 19 is placed under tension as soon as the stop 21 abuts against the 'dog 18. In the extreme operating position the auxiliary or supplemental spring 20 is likewise under tension. In the highest swinging position considerable potential energy is accumulated in both springs, -which upon the release of pressure in the cylinder 15, will cause the oscillating arm 8 to quickly drawback, carrying with it lthe bin. This is'preferably controlled by the operation of thel valve and a by-pass' or a'relief thereupon. To properly laccomplish a repeated shaking operation the valve 27 is open and closed rapidly after the springshave been placed under ten- .'sion, and resulting therefrom is a rapid jerking back and forth of the bin, consequently eliminating any contents thereof which are frozen 'or stuck to the sides.

I claim:

1. In a refuse carrying vehicle, the combination of loading and unloading mechanism comprising a pivoted container holder, a hydraulic motor arranged to operate said container about the pivot, potential energy means arranged to continuously urge said holder to lowered position and arranged to operate with greater energy in a hydraulic motor, a compound potential energy tainers into the body of a refuse collecting truck,

comprising a' tiltable container support, biasing means tending to move said support into normal position, power driven means for driving the support into tilted position against the force of said biasing means, means for retarding the return movement of `said support, `and control means for said power driven means, said biasing means being arranged to more rapidly overcome the retarding means in the tilted position of the support than in the intermediate positions whereby a shaking movement or relatively rapid return movement of the support may be effected by said control means when in the tilted position.

4. A device for emptying refuse-collecting containers into the body of a refuse collecting truck, comprising a tiltable container support, biasing means for said support, retarding means for said support, and power drvenmeans for tilting the support, said biasing means being arranged to exert increased force in the tilted position of said support, and control means for said power driven means, whereby through the operation of said control means andthe increased force of the biasing means in the tilted position of the support, a shaking movement of the support in Asaid position and a more rapid return movement of the support may be effected.

5. A device for emptying refuse-collectingl containers into a tiltable truck body, comprising a tiltable container-support and pressure-fluid operating means therefor mounted as a unit on the tiltable truck body, a tube'arranged about the pivotal axis of the body, and a pressurefluid supply pipe for said operating means conducted through said tube.

6. A device for emptying refuse-collecting containers into the body of a refuse collecting truck, comprising a tiltable container support arranged to tilt and support a container in emptying poa shaking movement to the container when in the emptying position.

7. A device for emptying refuse-collecting containers into the body of a refuse collecting truck,

comprising a tiltable support arranged to tilt and support a container in emptying position,

pressure-fluid operating means for tilting the container support into emptying position, spring biasing means for said support comprising a main spring and a supplemental spring, said supplemental spring being arranged to act only in the emptying positionof the support.

OTTO BALLERT.

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