US1960855A

US1960855A - Melting and esterifying apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1960855A
Authority: US
Priority date: 1928-09-26
Publication date: 1934-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 1951-05-29
Also published as: NL26598C; DE571015C

Description

May 29, 1934. J. SOMMER 1,960,855

l MELTING AND ESTERIFYING APPARATUS Filed April 23. 1929 EN f e l l a! k L Tfr;1` L 9 NEUE ZVWHFFI l' Il d a H Ily z :A 12g-:trg f F55' .2 EL c 'mi' 1579.3. l l 1 /A//ff/x/ra/e f/ots-f-La/v/Vs-e Patented May 29, 1934 UNITED STATES PTNT OFFICE Application April 23, 1929, Serial No. 357,496 En Germany September 25, 1928 4 Claims.

This invention is directed to a means for melting and esterifying copal and resin wherein such may be provided in large quantities without liability of re hazard and without the usual darkening incident to the present methods employed..

As now practiced, it has been possible to melt only comparatively small charges of copal and these respective quantities are usually not uniform. The previous mechanisms required very high temperatures, constituting a fire hazard, and further resulting in an undesirable darkening of the product.

The present invention is designed to prevent the dangerous foaming of the copal and a simultaneously rapid discharge of the vapors from the fusion under a rapid melting of the copal, and the function of the apparatus tending to this result insures a uniform product while permitting the handling of the material in large quantities.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation.

Figure 2 is a plan oi the centrifugal stirrer, and

Figure 3 shows a plan of the installation.

The boiler a has a foam divider b, upon which is provided the bottom centrifugal stirrer c. The foam divider b is driven by means of a rope or chain drive d from a transmission or motor. A

Y vapor draw-oir conduit e passes from the boiler a to the tube cooler f, thence to the condensate container g. The glycerine is in a reservoir h, and is thence introduced into the boiler a through the glycerine arrangement i.

During the esterication, the glycerine vapors are condensed in the tube cooler f, g, and pass through the tubular conduit lc into the glycerine separating vessel Z. The glycerine runs from the separating vessel l through the tubular conduit q, back into the boiler a.

The melting boiler has a manhole opening a1, for the introduction of the material to be melted, and is further provided with an air admission valve m and thermometers n and o. The indifferent gas necessary for the melting process is introduced into the boiler through a shiftable carbon dioxide tube p. On the front of the boiler is arranged an ester discharge cock r for the emptying of the boiler, and also a test cock s.

The melting boiler is lled through the manhole with copal or resin to one-fourth to twothirds of its capacity, and the bottom is heated with gas, oil or solid fuel. Upon the starting of the heating, an indifferent gas, for example carbon dioxide is conducted into the boiler by means of a pipe which is adjustable in height. As soon as the resin or copal becomes liquid, the stirring mechanism which is provided with a foam divider is seiJ into operation, and the pipe through which the indifferent gas is introduced into the boiler is shifted nearly to the bottom of the boiler,

so that the gas bubbles upwardly through the liquid molten material. By means of the bottom stirring mechanism a good transfer of heat from the bottom of the boiler to the material to be melted is provided and an overheating and too great darkening of the material to be melted is prevented. Simultaneously, an overflow of foam of the material being melted is prevented by the foam divider in cooperation with the introduction of the indifferent gas.

The vapors in manufacture are withdrawn through a water-cooled tube cooler, which is connected to a suction arrangement or fan.

In order to provide an elicient withdrawal of the manufacturing vapors from the closed boiler, an air introducing valve is provided which may be opened as required. The vapors condensed in the tube cooler flow into a vessel through an appropriately arranged Siphon tube. The temperature of the non-condensable gases discharging from the cooler is measured through an appropriately arranged thermometer.

The temperature at which the fusion takes place amounts to about 280 to 300, in contrast to the temperatures, which in the boilers now ordinarily in use amount to 360 and over. In order to take samples of the melt, a test cock is provided upon the boiler.

After completion of the melting of the copal or the resin, the esterication takes place. In the case of copal, for this purpose, the necessary amount of linseed oil for the solution of the copal is introduced into the boiler through an appropriate valve; in the case of resin the addition of oil takes place only after esterication.

The amounts of glycerine or the like necessary for the esterilcation are filled into a reservoir and added through a distributing worm, under the pressure of carbon dioxid at a predetermined temperature, to the melt. The vapors liberated in the reaction pass through the tube cooler and here become condensed. The water vapors, on the other hand, pass to the draw-off arrangement, because the temperature of the cooler at the upper portion is adjusted to about 100. From the tube cooler the condensates are caught in a separating vessel, and here they separate in accordance with their specific weights, and in fact the separating vessel is so arranged that the specically heaviest condensate, namely glycerine,

continually iiows back into the boiler, while the resin and copal oil condensates and the like continually discharge from the separating vessel into a vessel at a lower level.

After the completion of the esterication, the emptying of the boiler may take place through a discharge Valve or by pumping out or forcing out.

What is claimed to be new is:

1. An apparatus for melting and esterifying copal in quantities in excess of 100 kg., comprising a vertical boiler, a centrifugal stirring mechanism at the bottom of the boiler, a foam divider at the upper portion of the boiler, a glycerine reserVoir, a cooler, the boiler being open between the glycerine reservoir and the cooler, a condensate separator connected with the cooler, a tubular conduit leading from the separator to the boiler to return the condensate to the boiler, and means for delivering a neutral gas to the boiler.

2. An apparatus for melting and esterifying copal in quantities in excess o1" l0() kg., comprising a vertical boiler designed to be closed vaportight, a centrifugal stirring mechanism at the bottom of the boiler, a foam divider at the upper portion of the boiler, a glycerine reservoir, a tube cooler, the boiler being arranged between tbe glycerine reservoir and the cooler, and means for delivering an indifferent gas to the boiler.

3. An apparatus for melting and esterifying copal in quantities in excess of 100 kg., comprising a vertical boiler, a centrifugal stirring mechanism at the bottom of the boiler, a foam divider at the upper portion of the boiler, a tube for admitting a neutral gas to the boiler, said tube being arranged for vertical adjustment within the boiler, a glycerine reservoir, and a tube cooler, the boiler being arranged between the glycerine reservoir and the cooler.

4. An apparatus for melting and esterifying copal in quantities in excess of 100 kg., comprising a vertical boiler designed to be closed vaportight, a centrifugal stirring mechanism at the bottom of the boiler, a foam divider at the upper portion of the boiler, a neutral gas admisssion tube opening within the boiler and adjustable for delivering the gas at different depths within the boiler, a glycerine reservoir, a tube cooler, the boiler being arranged between the glycerine reservoir and tube cooler, a condensate separator connected with the cooler, and a communication between the separator and boiler to return the condensate to the boiler.

JOSEF SOMMER. [L. S.]