US1959443A - Manufacture of artificial threads or filaments - Google Patents

Manufacture of artificial threads or filaments Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1959443A
US1959443A US325480A US32548028A US1959443A US 1959443 A US1959443 A US 1959443A US 325480 A US325480 A US 325480A US 32548028 A US32548028 A US 32548028A US 1959443 A US1959443 A US 1959443A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
spinning
cell
precipitant
solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US325480A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Payne Reginald William
Roberts Robert Pierce
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Celanese Corp
Original Assignee
Celanese Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
Priority to US431965A priority Critical patent/US1920212A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1959443A publication Critical patent/US1959443A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
    • D01F2/30—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate by the dry spinning process

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of artificial filaments or threads from solutions of cellulose acetate or other esters or ethers of cellulose by the dry spinning or evaporative method of formation.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce threads or filaments presenting reduced lustre and more particularly threads or filaments presenting a dull, matt or lustreless appearance, or of considerably reduced lustre.
  • precipitants instead of adding precipitants to the evaporative atmosphere, add a precipitant or precipitants to the solution of the cellulose acetate or other ester or ether of cellulose prior to extruding the same into the evaporative atmosphere.
  • the precipitant any organic substance or substances capable of precipitating the cellulose ester or ether from its solution in the volatile solvent employed.
  • alcohols for instance, ethyl alcohol, cyclohexanol
  • hydrocarbons e. g. benzene, xylene, gasoline, petroleum ether
  • esters e. g. butyl propionate
  • ethers e. g. propyl ether
  • vapours of the precipitant are produced in the spinning cell by injecting a liquid precipitant, care should be taken to avoid any precipitant from coming into contact with the filaments until it has become vapourized, as otherwise undesirable irregularities are liable to occur in the filaments.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the metier showing one of the spinning cells in section.
  • Figure 2 is a rear view of the metier, the back of the metier being shown partly broken away.
  • Figure 3 is a front view of the metier.
  • Figure 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of Figme 2 on the line AB Figure 2.
  • FIG. 1 is the metier casing which is divided by partitions 2 into a number of spinning cells such as 3 and 3a.
  • Spinning jets 4, 4a etc. are located in the upper part of 11 each cell, two nozzles being shown in each cell, and these spinning nozzles 4, 4a etc. receive the spinning solution via the respective pumps 5, 5a etc. from the supply pipe 6.
  • Each nozzle is con structed with a number of very fine spinning orifices in the usual manner.
  • Each spinning cell is provided with means for causing a controlled current of air to pass upf ward through the same, these means comprising an inlet such as 7 and 7min the bottom of each of the respective spinning cells, an outlet pipe such as 8 and 8a in the upper part of each of the respective cells, the'outlet pipes communicating with the main draw off or suction trunk 9 and being each provided with a fiow meter, such as 10 and 10a, and a control valve, such as 11 and 11a.
  • the current of "air is heated by means of two steam coils, 12 and 13, which are fitted in the metier respectively near the back and near the front of the spinning cells, each coil extending the complete width of the metier.
  • the sets of filaments 14,14a etc. issuing from the respective spinning jets are led out of the spinning cells through guide eyes or the like such as 15 and pass thence over drawing rollers 16, 16a to their respective cap twisting and winding devices 17, 17a etc. 7 7
  • Each spinning cell is provided with a number of nozzles 18, 18a etc. serving to introduce vapour of the precipitant from the header 19 into the spinning cells, one nozzle being provided for each of the respective spinning jets.
  • the nozzles 18, 1800 etc. arearranged to inject the vapour of the precipitant into the paths of the sets of filaments issuing from the respective spinningjets, and are fitted at a level at which the filaments are still substantially wet, e. g. 3 inches below the level of the spinning jets.
  • delustred artificial filaments When producing delustred artificial filaments in such a manner varying degrees of delustration may be obtained according to the amount of precipitant. introduced through the nozzles 18, 18c etc., the temperature of the current of air and other spinning conditions employed. 'Especially useful delustred artificial filaments are produced when 'a 25% (by weight) solution of cellulose acetate in acetone is spun as above described and under the following conditions:- The said solution is extruded through the spinning jets 4, 4a etc. at a rate to yield 50 metres (per filament) per minute of artificial silk. The control valves 11, 110/.
  • the filaments produced are very dull and Thus with a temperature of highly delustred, and the degree of delustration obtained gradually decreases as, the temperature 'in'the neighbourhood of the spinning jets is raised, filaments produced when employing a temperature of 80 C. being slightly delustred.
  • the filaments are substantially completely delustred and are of dull or matt appearance, and the degreeor" delustration decreases as the temperature of the air is raised. With air at a temperature of 80 C. the filaments are slightly delustred, and have a highly satisfactory medium low lustre. V
  • the filaments may be extruded either downwards or upwards into the spinning cell or metier casing, and the air current (which may be caused to pass either downwards or upwards through the metier casing or cell) may be heated or warmed therein or prior to admission thereto or both before and during passage through the cell or metier casing. Further, the filaments may be extruded in the same direction as or countercurrent to the air current.
  • the temperatures to be employed in the spinning cells or metier casings may vary with the boiling point of the solvents and precipitants used, the composition of the spinning solutions and the degree of delustration it is desired to produce in the filaments or threads. Such temperatures may be higher or lower than the boiling point or points of the solvent or solvents employed.
  • temperatures of about 40 to C. may usefully be employed in the spinning cells or metier casings but we in no way limit our to such temperatures.
  • Process for the production of artificial filaments presenting reduced lustre comprising forming said filaments from a solution of a cellulose ester in a volatile solvent by the dry or evaporative method, said filament formation being effected in the presence of at least one organic precipitant for the cellulose ester which exerts a precipitating action upon the filaments in the natal state of said filaments.
  • Process for the production of artificial filaments presenting reduced lustre comprising forming said filaments from a solution of cellulose acetate in a volatile solvent by the dry or evaporative method, said filament formation being effected in the presence of at least one organic precipitant for the cellulose acetate which exerts a precipitating action upon the filaments in the natal state of said filaments.
  • Process for the production of artificial filaments presenting reduced lustre comprising forming said filaments from a solution of cellulose acetate in acetone by the dry or evaporative method, said filament formation being e1- fected in the presence of at least one organic precipitant for the cellulose acetate which exerts a precipitating action upon the filaments in the natal state of said filaments.
  • Process according to claim 1 and comprising extruding a solution of a cellulose derivative in a volatile solvent into an evaporative atmosphere containing the vapors of at least one organic precipitant.
  • Process according to claim 1 and comprising extruding a solution of a cellulose derivative in a volatile solvent into an evaporative atmosphere heated to a temperature between 40 and 80 C. and containing the vapors of at least one organic precipitant.
  • Process according to claim 1 and comprising extruding a solution of a cellulose ester in a volatile solvent downwards through orifices into a spinning cell, causing a current of heated air to pass upwards through said cell, and injecting the vapor of a hydrocarbon into said cell at a point at which the filaments are still substantially wet.
  • Process according to claim 1 and comprising extruding a solution of cellulose acetate in acetone downwards through orifices into a spinning cell, causing a current of air heated to a temperature between 40 and 80 C. to pass upwards through said cell, and injecting gasoline vapor into said cell at a point at which the filaments are still substantially wet.
  • Apparatus for the production of filaments presenting reduced lustre comprising a spinning cell, spinning orifices arranged at one end of said cell, means for causing an evaporative atmosphere to pass through said cell, means for heating said atmosphere in its passage through said cell, and means for injecting vapors of an organic precipitant into said travelling atmosphere at a point near said spinning orifices.
  • Apparatus for the production of filaments presenting reduced lustre comprising a spinning cell, spinning orifices arranged at the top of said cell, means for causing an evaporative atmosphere to pass upwards through said cell, means for heating said atmosphere in its passage through said cell, and means for injecting vapors of an organic precipitant into said travelling atmosphere at a point near to said spinning orifices.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US325480A 1927-12-23 1928-12-12 Manufacture of artificial threads or filaments Expired - Lifetime US1959443A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US431965A US1920212A (en) 1928-12-12 1930-02-27 Method of manufacturing artificial threads or filaments

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB34817/27A GB314404A (en) 1927-12-23 1927-12-23 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of artificial threads or filaments from cellulose esters or ethers by the dry spinning or evaporative method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1959443A true US1959443A (en) 1934-05-22

Family

ID=10370265

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US325479A Expired - Lifetime US1996120A (en) 1927-12-23 1928-12-12 Manufacture of artificial threads or filaments
US325480A Expired - Lifetime US1959443A (en) 1927-12-23 1928-12-12 Manufacture of artificial threads or filaments

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US325479A Expired - Lifetime US1996120A (en) 1927-12-23 1928-12-12 Manufacture of artificial threads or filaments

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US1996120A (fr)
BE (2) BE355930A (fr)
FR (2) FR664065A (fr)
GB (2) GB314414A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636217A (en) * 1949-07-20 1953-04-28 Chemstrand Corp Dry spinning apparatus
US2940122A (en) * 1953-11-13 1960-06-14 Du Pont Melt spinning apparatus with pivotally mounted blowbox
US4332765A (en) * 1977-11-26 1982-06-01 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for spinning hydrophilic acrylic fibres of low density

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4040856A (en) * 1975-06-17 1977-08-09 Crown Zellerbach Corporation Production of discrete cellulose acetate fibers by emulsion flashing

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636217A (en) * 1949-07-20 1953-04-28 Chemstrand Corp Dry spinning apparatus
US2940122A (en) * 1953-11-13 1960-06-14 Du Pont Melt spinning apparatus with pivotally mounted blowbox
US4332765A (en) * 1977-11-26 1982-06-01 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for spinning hydrophilic acrylic fibres of low density

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR664064A (fr) 1929-08-29
US1996120A (en) 1935-04-02
FR664065A (fr) 1929-08-29
BE355931A (fr)
GB314404A (en) 1929-06-24
BE355930A (fr)
GB314414A (en) 1929-06-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2825120A (en) Synthetic filament
US1959443A (en) Manufacture of artificial threads or filaments
US2027419A (en) Production of artificial threads, filaments, ribbons, and the like
US2054852A (en) Manufacture of artificial threads, ribbons, and like materials
US2588584A (en) Spinning artificial filamentary materials
US2032606A (en) Manufacture of artificial materials
US2588583A (en) Process for spinning
US2455174A (en) Free fall fiber
US2060048A (en) Artificial filament manufacture and the like
US2843449A (en) Dry spinning process
US1934618A (en) Treatment of cellulose derivatives
US2463676A (en) Dry spinning apparatus and method for the production of artificial filaments
US2251247A (en) Novelty yarn
US2068538A (en) Manufacture of filaments or the like of cellulose derivatives
US2552598A (en) Production of cellulose ester textile materials
US2027450A (en) Production of artificial silk and like products
US1950026A (en) Manufacture of artificial filaments or threads
US2758909A (en) Manufacture of filamentary materials by a wet spinning process
US2000047A (en) Process of making artificial silk
US2145290A (en) Manufacture of artificial filaments and other products
US1926111A (en) Manufacture of artificial materials
US1950025A (en) Manufacture of artificial filaments or threads
US2044136A (en) Treatment and manufacture of artificial yarns, threads, filaments, and the like
US2766099A (en) Production of artificial filaments
US1959414A (en) Apparatus for making yarns