US1959109A - Shot-shell and shot-shell body paper - Google Patents

Description

y v. E. ROSIEN SHOT SHELL AND SHOT SHELL BODY PAPER Filed March 14, 1932 mg a K ATTORNEYS SHUT-SELL AND SHQT-SL'IL BODY PAPER Victor IE. Rosien, New Haven, Conn, assignor to Winchester Repeating Company application Mai-en M, 1932, set-inns. 'sssyn' (Claims.

This invention relates to an improved shot shell, and to the paper body from which the improved shell is formed.

In discharging ordinary shot shells, the hot gases formed within the shell by the explosion of the powder penetrates the paper body, thus weakening it to such an extent that in the act of extracting the discharged shell from the chamber of the gun barrel, the paper may separate transversely, which may cause a part of the paper body to remain in the chamber of the gun ing of the outer covering so that when the shell is removed from the chamber of the gun by extracting the brass head, the paper body is removed substantially intact. The gas check provided by, this invention is ,fiexible and substantially imperviousto the hot gases and is cheap and readily incorporated in the shell.

The body of a,shot shell is ordinarily prepared from a sheet of body paper large enough to form several shells and this sheet after being treated with an adhesive is rolled over a mandrel of suitable size, is dried, passed through a sizing die, and then cut into lengths. Shot shells vary somewhat in diameter and length. The paper bodies are cut accordingly. In forming the body, the paper is rolled on the mandrel so that the body comprises several thicknesses of paper, usually four or five.

I have found it advantageous to apply the gas .checking medium of this invent'on to the paper sheet from which'the shot shell body is to be I made before the sheet is formed into a tube.

I do this by covering a portion of the sheet with an imperviousfilm of a cellulosic material such produced when the cartridge is fired and thus 1 rial. This forms an impervious barrier which checks the leakage of the gases of combustion protects the outer wall of the shell. This checking of the gases prevents the usual weakening of the paper tube brass head.

The gas check may comprise a strip of a cellulose derivatve such as a cellulose ester or other product formed from cellulose which is flexible and impervious to gases. Various sheets of cellulose derivatives are commercially obtainable which are suitable for this purpose. Such a sheet may be made primarily from cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate or other cellulose derivative and may have incorporated in it a plasticizer, etc. An impervious sheet of a coagulated, nonfibrous form of cellulose is suitable for this purpose. Any suitable adhesive may be used for fastening the coagulated, non-fibrous form of cellulose to the body paper. Sheets of cellulose derivatives to which suitable adhesives have been applied are known in the art and are available for this purpose.

Instead of forming the gas check of a separate sheet of cellulose derivative, the cellulose derivative may be applied directly to the sheet in liquid form by brushing it onto the paper, or spraying it, or otherwise appling it to the paper dissolved in any suitable solvent, preferably a quick drying solvent. Forced drying may be used. Various liquid coverings which form a flexible impervious coating are known to those skilled in the art such as collodion, or lacquers which comprise a cellulose derivative such as a' cellulose ester, more particularly an acetate or nitrate, dissolved in a suitable solvent such as an'ester for example, ethyl acetate or an alcohol such as butyl alcohol or a mixture of these. Suitable solutions comprise plasticizers, gums, etc. in suitable proportions and on evaporation of the sol vent give a flexible impervious film. 1

In forming the paper body of the shot shell of this invention, the paper sheet with the impervious barrier of the cellulose derivative propat the forward end of the 'erly applied so as to include at least one complete circumference when the shell is formed, is tightly rolled and cemented together. Ordinarily the tube thus formed is of sufiicient length to form a number of shells, for example, five or six. After cutting to the proper length, each shell tube is provided with a base wad and the brass head is assembled over the end of thetube- The base wad is then forced into the head. The shell is then loaded and crimped.

The invention will be described more particularly in connection with the accompanying drawing but it is intended and is to be understood that it is not limited to the specific illustration shown therein.

on the outer surface.

In the drawing Fig. 1 is a view, partly in section, of the assembled shot shell;

Fig. 2 shows a sheet of body paperwith the cellulose derivative applied thereto;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the wall of the shell, showing the various laps of the paper body with the gas-check containedtherein.

In the drawing 1 is the brass head \of a shot shell and 2 is the paper body. vThe crimp is shown at 3.

A sheet of body paper of suitable size for six shells is shown in extended form in Fig. 2. The cellulose derivative is indicated at 4. In forming the shell, the paper body is rolled from the edge 5 so that in the rolled tube thus formed the edge 5 is within the tube and the edge 6 is The strip of cellulose derivative is placed near the edge 5 so as to be as near the explosion as possible but is spaced the distance of one lap from edge 5, to facilitate winding on the mandrel. A cellulose strip wider than one lap such asa strip two laps wide may be employed where desirable. Instead of affixing a stripv of cellulosic material to the paper the cellulose derivative may be applied to the paper in liquid form.

Fig. 3 shows a cross section of the rolled tube as it occurs in the finished shell. The lap of cellulose derivative is indicated bythe reference numeral 4. This cellulose derivative completely encircles the shell, thus making a barrier impervious to the hot gases and thus forming a gas check which protects the outer layers of the shell and prevents them from becoming weakened by the action of the hot gases when the shell is discharged. This impervious barrier is also beneficial as it gives a harder crimp and retards moisture absorption.

I claim:

l. A shot shell which includes in its wall an impervious barrier of a material selected from the group comprising cellulose derivatives and coagulated non-fibrous cellulose which serves as a gas check in the wall of the shell to prevent the hot gases from penetrating to the outer covering of the shell.

2. A shot shell which includes within the interior of its wall an impervious film of a material selected from the group comprising cellulose derivatives and coagulated non-fibrous cellulose which serves as a gas check in the wall of the shell to prevent the hot gases from penetrating to the outer covering of the shell, neither the outer covering nor the inner wall of the shell being covered with said 3. A shot shell, the body of which includes at least one lap of an impervious film of a coagulated or precipitated form of cellulose, the area of said film-being substantially less than the area of the body paper from which the shell is made.

4. A sheet of shot-shell body paper only a portion of the area of which is covered with a flexible impervious film or a material selected from the group comprising cellulose derivatives and coagulated non-fibrous cellulose, said film being equal to at least one circumference of the finished shell.

5. A sheet of shot-shell body paper with a strip 105 of a coagulated or precipitated form of cellulose fastened thereto said strip having a width equal to at least one circumference of the finished shell and being spaced the distance of at least about no one circumference from one edge of the .body paper.

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VICTOR E. ROSIEN.

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