US1954451A - Transfer - Google Patents

Description

Patented Apr. 10, 1934 rmsrsa Winthrop Stanley Lawrence, Brooklyn, N. Y., as-

signor to Kaumagraph Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application August 13, 1930, Serial No. 475,123

8 Claims. (01. 41-33) My invention relates to a new and improyed method of making a transfer medium and a new and improved transfer.

One of the objects of my invention is to make a new and improved transfer of the type in whicha transfer marking is impressed upon a thin paper base.

Another object of my invention is to provide a transfer by means of which a dye can be applied 10 to a fabric.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved transfer for applying a dye to a fabric in which the use of water in the composition can be either wholly or partially eliminated.

Another object of my invention is to provide a new and improved transfer which shall contain a dye embodied in a vehicle or carrying medium which can consist either wholly or partially of an emulsified wax or resin.

Other objects of my invention will be set forth in the following description which illustrates. a preferred embodiment thereof, it being understood that the above general statement of the objects of my invention is intended merely to' generally explain the same and not to limit it in any manner.

It has heretofore been customary to make transfers which include a dye or dyes by using an aqueous solution of the dye. It has also been proposed to merely incorporate the dyestufi. in a gum arabic'ink which could be applied to thefabric, a steaming operation being subsequently utilized in order to fix the dyestuff in the fabric.

I have found it possible to utilize a base or carrying medium which consists either wholly or partially of an emulsifiable wax. The composition is therefore fusible, an aqueous solution of the dyestuif being incorporated into or combined with the wax emulsion. The transfer composi- 40 tion may be used to make a transfer marking upon thethin paper base which is ordinarily used. The composition consists of an aqueous suspension or emulsion of a wax or similar substance, the dye being dissolved in the water in which the wax is emulsified. In addition, the composition can contain a proper peptizing or dispersing agent, such as a soap. This composition can be dried so that the dye is finely divided or dispersed in the waxy carryingmedium. A suitable impression can be made by means of the dry composition by applying the same in fusible form to the thin paper which is customarily used for this purpose. The transfer marking which is thus produced upon the-paper can be released therefrom by means of heat and pressure in the ordinary manner so that the wax can be transferred to a fabric or the like, the dye being finely dispersed in the wax. After this waxy composition has been thus transferred to the fabric by means of heat and pressure, the fabric can be steamed in the ordinary manner and the dye is then fixed on the fibre of the fabric. Basic dyes can be employed for decorating or marking silk and woolen goods and direct dyes can be utilized for decorating or marking cotton goods. Anovel feature of the composition in that the dyestufl is first applied to the fabric in a non-aqueous medium in which the dye is insoluble, the dye being dispersed in said medium, and being subsequently fixed to the fibre of the fabric by means of steam. As illustrating the improved compositions which I can utilize, the following is given by way of example and without limiting the invention to the specific ingredients, proportions,

or steps therein disclosed:

Two parts of stearic acid, twenty-four (24) parts of white Ozokerite, ten (10) parts of canauba wax, and forty (40) parts of paraifin wax resin are melted in a container until the above mentioned constituents are wholly in liquid form. It is to be understood that the proportions given in this example are by weight.

Ninety-five (95) parts of turpentine or any other suitable volatile solvent are then added to the mixture of molten substances previously specifled. The solution thus prepared may be designated as solution "A.

A second solution is then made from three parts "6f gum-tragacanth, well mixed with twenty-five (25) parts/of turpentine to which one hundred and fifty" 150) parts of water are added. Likewise, twouparts gf/triethanolamine are added. This second solution, which may be designated as solution B, is heated to approximately the same temperature as solution "A".

Then three parts of the dye to be utilized are dissolved in one hundred and fifty (150) parts of water, the water being heated to the same temperature as solutions A and B. Solution A is mixed with solution B. The mixture is vigorously made so as to emulsify the wax. Likewise, triethanolamine stearate is formed in the combined solutions, and since this is a soap, it acts as a protective colloid to keep the wax in dispersed or emulsified, condition. The solution of the dye in water is then added and the mixture is stirred until it is cool. The wax thus remains suspended in finely divided form in an aqueous solution of gum-tragacanth and dye. This emulsion is a thick creamy mixture which can be 11 printed by any suitable means upon the thin paper base which is ordinarily used for making transfers. The mixture dries upon the paper, and it can be transferred from the paper to the fabric by pressing with a hot iron in the ordinary manner. Since the dyestufi is present in finely divided form, it gives the same appearance as though the fabric had been directly dyed and the marking is then-fixed upon the fabric by means of a steaming operation. The dry mixture may be designated as being insoluble in water, although said mixture contains some tragacanth which forms a colloidal suspension in water.

Solutions A and B can be heated to 65 C. which is also the temperature of the aqueous solution of the dye when the final mixtures are made.

The method'and composition above set forth are very useful in forming dyepatterns on fabrics, since it is possible thereby to produce a nonaqueous transfer marking on a paper base, and the marking composition can include a dye or dyes. Likewise, the steaming operation can be utilized to form a marking of any desired appearance. The Wax is soft and flexible so that the marking on the fabric does not have a harsh appearance.

I believe that the wax is re-emulsified by the steam and that the dye goes into solution in the moisture which is absorbed by the fabric, so that the pattern or marking on the fabric is very fast. The gum-tragacanth prevents the dye from spreading into the fabric, and it is desirable to prevent this spreading, as otherwise the marking on the fabric would be blurred. Other substances could be used for replacing thegumtragacanth, such as gum karaya or gum arabic.

Likewise, the aqueous solution of the dyestuif could be directly printed upon the paper base of the transfer, and the wax powder could be dusted upon the moist impression or marking thus made on the paper base, so as to adhere to said moist marking, without adhering to the rest of the said paper base. By fusing the wax powder upon the marking, it is therefore possible to produce the transfer by another method.

Instead of using a waxy medium for carrying the dyestuif in finely divided form, a resinous substance could be wholly or partially utilized, as the principle of operation would be the same. The only function of the stearate soap in the final mixture is to act as a peptizing agent for the wax, resinous, or other medium which is insoluble in water. However, if basic dyes are utilized, the stearic acid should be in excess, as otherwise the color of the dyestuif solution is affected.

In general I prefer to utilize either a neutral or a slightly acid solution.

The advantage of eliminating the use of watersoluble substances is that such substances become hydroscopic in humid weather. As illustrating another method of operation, the dyestuff could be suspended in the emulsion previously specified, and the water could be evaporated before printing on the paper base of the transfer or upon the fabric. That is, the printing operation could be performed by using the precipitated dye in a waxy or resinous medium which is either wholly or partially free from-water. The protective colloid such as a soap or the like, could also be utilized.

Whenever a waxy base for the dye is specified, either in the description or the claims, it is to be understood that a resinous base is equivalent to the waxy base.

I have shown a preferred embodiment of my invention but it is clear that numerous changes and omissions can be made without departing from its spirit.

I claim: 1

1. A method of forming a transfer which consists in forming an emulsion of fusible material in water, said water also having a dyestufi in solution, permitting the emulsion to dry and forming a marking by means of the dried emulsion on a paper base.

2. A transfer method of applying a dye to a material, which consists in applying to said material a dry fusible composition which is insoluble in water and which contains said dye, said fusible composition being so applied by means of heat and pressure, and then separating the dye from said fusible composition and fixing said dye in the material by means of steam.

3. A transfer method of applying a dye to a dry material which consists in applying to said material a fusible base which is insoluble in water and in which said dye is finely dispersed, said fusible base being so applied by means of heat and pressure, and then separating said dye from said fusible composition by means of steam.

4. A method of applying a dye to a material which consists in transferring to the fabric a fusible base which contains a peptizing agent, and in which base the dye is finely dispersed, said base being so applied by means of heat and pressure, and then emulsifying the base and releasing the dye therefrom by means of steam.

5. An improved transfer comprising a paper base having a marking thereon, said marking being formed with a fusible composition which is insoluble in water and which can be transferred by means of dry heat, said fusible composition being dry and containing a dyestuif in finely divided form, said'composition containing a sub- .tance which is attacked by steam so that the composition is disintegrated under the action of steam to release the dye therefrom.

6. An improved transfer comprising a paper base having a marking thereon, said marking being formed with a fusible composition which can be transferred by means of dry heat, said fusible composition being dry and containing a dyestuif in finely divided form, said composition containing a substance which is attacked by steam so that the composition is disintegrated under the action of steam so as to release the dye therefrom, the major part of said composition being insoluble in water.

7. An improved transfer comprisinga paper basehaving a'marking thereon, said marking being formed with a fusible composition which can be transferredby means of dry heat, said fusible composition containing a dyestuff in finely divided form, said composition being disintegrable under the action of steam so as to release the dye therefrom, said composition also containing a peptizing agent.

8. An improved transfer comprising a paper base having a marking thereon, said marking being formed with a fusible composition which contains a dyestuff in finely divided form, said com position being fusible under the action of dry heat, said composition also containing a gum, the'majon part of said composition being insoluble in water, said composition being capable of being broken up by steam so as to release the dye therefrom.

WINTI'IROP STANLEY LAWRENCE.