US1954090A

US1954090A - Internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1954090A
Application number: US416545A
Authority: US
Inventors: Moorhouse Alfred
Original assignee: Packard Motor Car Co
Current assignee: Packard Motor Car Co
Priority date: 1929-12-26
Filing date: 1929-12-26
Publication date: 1934-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 1951-04-10

Description

April A. MOORHOUSE 1,954,090 F INTERNAL cousus'rlon ENGINE Filed Dec. 2a, 1929' g'rwmtoz ALFRED Noam-mus:

, Patented Apr. 10, 1934 PATENT OFFICE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Alfred Moon-house, Detroit, Mich, .assignor to Packard Motor Car Company, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application December 26, 1929, Serial No. 416,545

0 Claims. (01. 123-115) Y My invention relates to internal combustion engines and particularly to improvements in pumps for the circulation or a cooling medium for such engines.

In my Patent l lo. 1,519,155, granted December ill, was, I have disclosed an internal combustion engine having a cooling system which ineludes a-pump situated in a casing at the trout oi the cylinder block; and operated by the means m which revolves the usual cooling fan. The casing is shown integral with said block, and has suitable ports and passages for connecting the pump with both the jacket for the cooling medium enveloping the engine and the radiator in w ii'ont oi the fan for lowering the temperature of the cooling medium as it comes from the jacket in a more or less heated condition. The pump oi this invention is of similar design and adapted to be similarly operated.

- an object of the invention herein is to provide a pump which is oi, the general type above men-- tioned, but-which is simpler in construction and costs less to manufacture, yet is characterized by the same high, emciency and capacity.

A iurther object of the invention is to provide a cooling pump with an enclosing casing therefor,

made as part of the cylinder block of the ennine in such a manner that the casing can be easily and. inexpensively shaped and finished to 39 enable the pump to be operatively mounted therein and connected to the member which delivers the power to drive said pump.

an additional object ofthe invention is to pro-- vide a pump having the form of a rotary impellcr with blades or vanes extending from the center towards the circumference; and with a shroud or screen open at the center, armed to the edge of the blades on the inlet side of the pump, to rotate'withsaid This shroud 0 not only strengthens the impeller, but also it enable the interior of the enclosingcasing to be mbre readily adapted to permit the impeller to assume its'proper position in the casing.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a rotary impeller pump for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine with means for adequately taking the end-thrust of the pump. I

- Other objects and advantages will appear from the followimr specification, taken with the drawing illustrating a preferred embodiment of my invention. 1 This description, however, is explanatory only and I reserve the right to make changes which do not depart from the principle of the inv vention, or exceed the scope and meanings of the broad terms in are expressed.

0n the drawing:

. Fig. 1 shows in axial section a. pump accordwhich the appended claims ing to my invention; with part oi an internal combustion engine with which it is intended to be used; and.

Fin. 2 is a. iront view at a detail.

The numeral 1 indicates the front end of the cylinder block of an internal combustion engine: this block containing a suitable number of alined. cylinders, one of which is shown in part at 2. The engine has a jacket 3 enveloping the cylinders of the block 1 and enclosing a space 4i to permit the circulation oi water or some other suitable cooling agent to keep the temperature of the engine within the desired limits. Cast integral with the blo ch l and at the end thereof near the top is a casino 5 enclosing a pump compertinent 6. This casing also hasan inlet chamher '7, separated how the compartment c by a web or partitions extending downward from the top nearly to the lower edge of the casing, and connected to the front or the casing by a web 9. The partition o constitutes the rear wall of the compartment 6. The web 9 may be cylindrical, no that the compartment 6 is round. A portion of the casing" t is beneath the lowest point of the web a, and this portion enables the chamber 7 to be united through a port it to a. pipe which leads to the bottom of the radiator usually 1oca'ted in front of the engine. This radiator is not shown on the drawing, but its construction and location are well understood.

The web or partition 8 has an inlet port il leading to the compartment 6; and the pump or impeller 12 therein is shown as comprising blades or vanes 13 extending from the center to the circumference. The blades are attached at their inner ends to a hub 14, which is secured to a shaft 15'by a screw 16. Any suitable number 0! blades may be used and they may be straight, as indicated in Fig. 2, or have some other-form,

if pre erred. At their inner ends the blades are no wider than the axial length of the hub 14,

but the edges 1'7 of these blades adjacent the web. 8 curve away from the hub toward the'web B and then extend out from the axis of the shaft 15, and parallel with the web 8'. To the portions of the edges of the vanes parallel with the web 8 is aflixed a shroud or screen 18, which has the form of a flat disk or ring with an opening in the center adjacent'the port 11. The face of the web 8 is counterbored, to provide a shallow recess 19 in which the shroud 18 is disposed. This recess may be of greater diameter than that of the shroud; and the recess'19 and pump 12 need not be concentric. Owing to the outline of the edges 17 of the .vanes, as set forth above, the curved portions of these edges and the inner edge of the shroud 18 define an unobstructed space 20 at the center of the pump between the hub and the inlet opening 11, and this space allows the cooling medium to be drawn easily from the chamber 7 into the compartment 6 to be acted upon by the pump 12.

The outlet from the compartment 6 to the cooling jacket is illustrated at 21, but the connection between the outlet '21 and the cooling jacket 3 does not appear on the drawing. After passing through the cooling jacket 3 the cooling medium such as water flows from the upper part of the engine into the top of the radiator of the engine,through the radiator in a downward direction, and back into the casing 5 through port 10. If desired the portion of the cooling space 4 shown on the drawing may have a connection at its top leading directly-to the line of flow from the engine to the top of the radiator, and the chamber 7 may also be directly connected through a suitable by-pass with the radiator, as set out in my patent aforesaid.

The casing 5 has an opening 22, closed by a cover 23. The opening 22 is shown as of the same diameter as the recess 19 but larger than the inlet opening 11 and the recess 19 and open- I ing 22 can be formed in one boring operation. The cover has a flange 24, between which and the casing is a packing or gasket 25, and bolts 26 may be employed to holdthe cover in place. The inner face of the cover may be concave and conical and the adjacent end of the pump may have the edges of the vanes thereat inclined slightly to the axis of rotation so as to be of corresponding shape. The center of the cover has a bearing 27 receiving a sleeve 28 on the shaft 15. This sleeve is threaded at its outer end to enable a packing gland 29 to be screwed thereon, and within the gland and abutting the outer end of the sleeve is packing 30. A screw 31 in the bearing 27 engages and binds the sleeve 28.

As will now be apparent the pump 12 can be mounted in the casing 5 so .that it requires but little clearance between the cover 23 and the web 8, and this clearance can be accurately determined and maintained so long as end play of the shaft 15 is prevented. This end can be gained by the manner in which the outer end of the shaft 15 is supported and connected to rotate I the pump. i

The cover bears an integral bracket 32, extending forward from the outer face of the cover above the shaft 15 and'carrying at its outer end a bearing 33. The shaft 15 projects through this bearing and carries at its front extremity a hollow head 34 to which are attached the fan blades 35, as by screws 36. This head has a keyway to receive a key 37 on the shaft. The ring or bearing 33 has an annular inside shoulder 38 and receives within it the outer raceway element 39 of a-ball or similar bearing, that fits against the shoulder 38. The balls of this bearing are indicated at 40, and on the shaft 15 is the complementary raceway element 41. This ball bearing not only antifrictionally supports the shaft.

15, but it also counteracts the end thrust of the impeller when the latter rotates and draws the cooling water into the compartment 6. For this purpose the shaft 15 has an integral collar or the like, 42, and the fan head 34 has an inside hub. 43, within which is the key-way 44 above mentioned. The elements 39 and 41 of the antifriction bearing lie between the collar 42 and hub 43 and the fit of these parts is made with such closeness that the shaft may run freely but no looseness exists to allow axial movement of the shaft 15.

The front end 45 of the shaft 15 is threaded and thereon is screwed a nut 46, with a washer 47 to hold the fan head 34. The inside hub 43 of the fan head extends back to the raceway element 41 and is surrounded by a centrally perforated cap 48, having a rim 49 held on the front end of the bearing 33 by screws 50. Within this cap is a ring 51, which co-operates with the ring 48 to hold suitable packing 52 surrounding the hub 43. The ring 51 is angle-shaped in cross section, and has its inner edge bent outward as indicated at 53. Within the cap 48 is also a washer 54 which encircles the shaft 18, and lies between the hub 43 and the raceway member 41. This washer is concave and its rim surrounds the turned over edge 53 of the ring 51.

Within this bearing 33 is a second and smaller annular shoulder 55, on the opposite side of the elements 39 and 41; and this bearing carries a ring 56, angle-shaped in cross section like the '54 may engage a peripheral groove 57 in the shaft 15 between the member 41 and collar 42.-

The packings 52 may be of. suitable material to prevent the escape of lubricant from the bearing parts.

Hence by properly dimensioning the parts involved, I need only to tighten the nut 46 to draw the collar 42 on one side and the hub 43 on the other against the element 41. The balls or like members 40 prevent relative movement of the elements 39 and 41 along the axis of the shaft 15, and as the member 39 is held between the shoulder 38 and cap 48, all end thrust on the shaft 15 is counteracted and axial play of this shaft is prevented. The shroud 18 of the impeller thus revolves safely out of contact with but close to the web 8 and the hub 14 is properly positioned relative to the sleeve 28.

The head 34 has an integral grooved wheel or pulley 58 for the belt 59 to drive the fan and with it the pump 12.

In practice the water is drawn into the space 20 at the middle of the impeller and flows out between the vanes 13 into the compartment 6, which leaves a space all around the pump, and the water is discharged from the casing 5 through the port 21.

Hence with a pump of this type the construction is greatly simplified, the cost is reduced, the parts can be accurately proportioned and fitted together, and the mode of operation is eflicient and certain. At all speeds of the engine the pump will cause the cooling medium to circulate at sufflcient velocity and in sufficient volume to keep the temperature of the engine within ends to define a space enveloped by said vanes and communicating with the intervals between the latter, and a shroud rigid with the vanes and having a central opening leading to said space.

2. The combination of a cylinder block having a cooling jacket and a casing, an impeller having a hub in said casing, a shaft to which the hub is affixed, the shaft projecting from one end of the hub outside of the casing, vanes atllxed to the hub, a shroud rigid with the vanes adjacent the opposite end of the hub, and means engaging the projecting portion of the shaft to prevent end-play thereof and enable the hub, the vanes and the shroud to rotate close to the interior surfaces of the casing at both ends of said impeller.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination oi a casing having an opening in each of its opposite walls, a cover for one of said openthrusts of the impeller.

lugs, anda pump impeller in said casing supported by said cover and having an end shroud partly closing the other 01- said openings.

4.- In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an end wall and an opening opposite the end wall, said end wall having an opening smaller than the opposite opening, a cover for the larger opening, a pump impeller supported by said cover and having an end shroud adjacent said end wall and shrouding a portion of the opening in said end wall.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the com- I bination of a casing having a side opening therein, a recess in the wall of the casing opposite said opening, a cover for said opening, 'a pump impeller supported by said cover and having an integral end shroud extending into said recess. 6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having a side opening therein, a recess in the wall of the casing opposite said opening, a cover for said opening, a pump impeller supported by said cover and having an integral end shroud extending into said recess, and means outside of the casing to take the end