US1953768A - Boiler construction - Google Patents

Description

April 3, 41934.

T. M URRAY BOILER oigsTRUcTIN original .Filed Dee.4, 1923 v 3 sheetshet- 1 Snoamtoz .......unmwnmmnuww MU RRAY April l3,111934.- TQ E.

' BOILER CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Dec. 4, 1923 5 Sheetshee't 2;

April 3, 1934- T. E. MURRAY 1,953,76@y

BOILER CONSTRUCTION l original `Filed Dee. 4. 1923 asheets-sheet Patented Apr. 3, 1934 UNITED s'rivras Thomas E. Murray,` Brooklyn, N. Y.;

PATENT@ oFFlce Y Bradley Murray, .John F. Murray,

Murray, deceased,

executors of said Thomas E. assignors to Metropolitan Engineering Company, acorporation of New York .. Application December 1923, Serial No. 678,443

Renewed November 23, 1932 1i)` Claims.

A The present invention provides a special con struction of boiler wall and arrangement of tubes for use in various installations `in which boiler tubing is arranged alongside a wall.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention. Fig. 1 is a vertical section of one of the boiler walls;

Fig. 2 is an inside elevation of the same, partly in section approximately on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section similar toFig. 1 at another point in the wall;

Figs. e and 5 are enlarged details oi Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a section on a larger scale showing a modification of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation,'partly in section showing the connections of the different sets of tubes;

Fig. 8 is a cross-section oi an alternative detail.

Referring to the embodiments of the invention illustrated, the structure is supported by side co1- umns 1 carrying at their upper ends cross-beams 2. in the upper part of the boiler, supported and arranged in the usual or any suitable way, are the boiler tubes- 3-a`nd superheater tubes 4. These are enclosed with-in a shell of sheet metal 5, 6, supported from tire columns and lined with tile, fire-brick or other insulating material 71. Below the boiler elements described and enclosed by the side and end walls is the space 8 which constitutes the furnace or chamber through which the heating gases rise. Exposed at the sides of this chamber are the supplementary tubes 9. These tubes are providedwith flanges 10 between them and overlapping so' as to close the spaces between the tubes, such flanged tubes being described in certain previous patent applications of mine. This lowerpart of the boiler wall is simi.-

Vlar to the upper-part, comprising plates 1i)a of sheet metal on the outside lined with insulating blocks 11 and rire-bricks l2, against which .the tubes 9 are located.

t -The tubes 9 runat their upper ends into a header 13. which is supported at intervals by straps 14 suspended by rods 15 and channels 34 from the overhead cross beams 2. At their lower ends, they enter a lower header 16 or mud drum, The usual connecting tubes for circulation of the water are assumed and-they may be arranged and located in any suitable way.

' Where the wall is pierced with a door 1'? in line with the tubes a cross-box' 18 is provided connecting the tubes above with short tubes 19 passing down alongside the door to the lower header 16. The lower portions oi the tubes, up to a point some distance above the level of the tops of the doors, is protected by an inward horizontally extending portion of the Wall consisting of a layer of insulating material 20 to protect the joints oi the tubular structure. The cross-box 18 is set in a casing 21 in this lower part of the wall, the casing being large enough to permit a certain vertical movement of the cross-box. The lower part of the wall, below the level of the doorway, includes a plate-22 backed at intervals by a casting 23 which is channeled and ribbed as shown. The plate 22 is perforated at points which are engaged by the casting 23. Air is supplied through a pipe 24 and passes through the channels of the casting and thence through the plate 22 into the furnace n chamber for combustion. The lower header or mud drum 16 is located back of the plate 22 and in such a position as to be capable of vertical motion. The bottom wall 25 and its facing 26 are supported on the foundations of the structure and carry the` plate 23 and the lower portion 20 of the wall, with the casing 21; and these parts in turn carry the intermediate portion of the wall composed of the outer plates 10a and the lining 11 and 12. l

The purpose of the lining of insulating material 20 is not only to protect the joints and other parts of the tubular structure, but is also to protect the fuel against such cooling as would retard combustion. This protecting wall 20 is high enough to prevent the'tubular structure from absorption of Iheat so rapidly from the reebed as to interfere with eicient combustion. This protecting wall serves the same purpose whether the furnace be used for a boiler or for any other purpose. The back of the tile or other material of which the wall 2li-is composed, is cooled by the water circulating through the tubes sufiiciently to prevent too rapid burning out of the wall. rilhe upper header 13 is enclosed in a metal box illustrated in detail in Fig. 5. This box comprises side plates 27 and 28 and a top 29 on which the upper part of the wall is supported. The bottom of the box consists of plastic material 30 which is enclosed between side plates 31 and 32 of tile which rest on tiles 33 supported on the top of the intermediate wall (11 and l2). The bottom of the box thus constituted is adapted to move upward, sliding between the sides of the box, when the wail on which it is supported is moved upward under the expansion produced by the high temperature. Thus the intermediate part of the wall, when subjected to the heat of the gases will expand upward, being solidly supported on its foundation, (and such expansion will be taken up within the box which encloses'the upper header i'or these tubes. The intermediate part of the side wall is not fastened to the main supporting columns 1. The upper part of the wall is carried by a beam 35 which is carried on the inner faces of the supporting columns 1. The upper section of the wall is practically iixed, though it can expand slightly. But the greatest heat comes on the lower part of the wall and the actual extent of the expansion will be greatest for this section of the wall. v

'Ihe arrangement illustrated also permits expansion of the side tubes 9. This expansion will be greater than the expansion of the wall and' will be in the opposite direction, that is downward. It is for this purpose that the cross-bar 1S and the lower header or mud drum 16 are supported merely by the tubes themselves and are arranged in recesses or casings of the wall which permit a relative downward movement of the cross-box and the lowerv header,relative to the wall.

It has been explained that the joints in the lower portions of the tubes 9 are protected from the heat inthe lower part of the furnace chamber by the wall 2O on the inner side of such tubes. To prevent cooling of the cross-box 18 and also the lower header 16 by the outside air, they may be packed in yielding insulating material. As shown in Fig. 4, the box 21 is made up of a casting open at the outer side and with a plate 36 on the inner side protected by the insulating wall 2o. The casing for the lower drum is formed of the plate 22, the bottom of the casting 23, a top plate 37 supporting the brickwork of the doorway and a channel 38 depending from the air cooled frame 39 of the doo According to the design of Fig. 6, the construction is simplified by using a casting 40 which is perforated for admission of air and omitting the covering plate 22 or Fig. 4. The casingin either case may be closed on the outside by a plate such as 41 and air introduced through a pipe 42. Fig. 8 shows an alternative arrangement n which cooling oi the header 16 is prevented by a filling of occulent insulating material 38EL held in place by a block 38h of masonry.

The bottom constructions described are useful particularly for powdered coal furnaces, or they' may be used for Stoker-fired `furnaces or ior oil or gas fired boiler furnaces; and in fact, for many furnaces not necessarily used in connection with boilers.

Fig. '7 illustrates in side elevation the various groups of boiler tubes and shows the manner in which the;7 are connected to each other and in which the water and steam are circulated; the walls and supporting parts of the structure being omitted so that the arrangement of the tubing will be clear.

The vertical tubes 9 which extend alongside of and adjacent to the side walls and shield the latter are connected toa header 16 at their lower end and to header 13 at the upper end. The steam generated therein passes out of one end of the header i3 to a vertical pipe 43 and thence to a main steam drm 44. Thewater in this drum passes down by pipes 45 to headers 46 at the lower ends of the upper series of boiler tubes, the inclined, approximately horizontal, tubes 3 previously referred to. At their opposite and higher ends, these are connected to headers 47 whence the steam passes by vertical pipes 48 and horizontal pipes 49 tothe main drum 44. At the -lower ends oi the headers 4.6 they are connected to a cross-header 50 which at its, OPPOS? ends connects with downwardly inclined pipes 51 leading to the bottom headers 16 of the rst set of tubes 9. Thus the main drum 44 is in the circulating system of both sets of boiler tubes.

The steam from the drum 44 passes out of the top by a pipe 52 and thence downwardly by a pipe 53 to a cross-header 54 at the lower end of the superheater tubes 4, which is the third set of tubes in the complete boiler. The superheated steam passes out to across-header 55 and thence by way of a valve 56 to the superheated steam pipe 57. i

The invention is applicable to boilers having various other arrangements of tubing and circulating connections.

The combination of the upright'tubes with the sheathing and with suspending means located outside of the furnace is illustrated more fully and claimed in pending application Ser. No. 61,- 387, filed October 9, 1925.

Though have described with great particuvlarity of detail certain embodiments of my inclosely adjacent to the same so as to shield said wall and exposed tothe radiant heat of the burning fuel on their inner side only, said wall having an inward horizontally extending portion through which the ends of the tubes pass said ends being free to move with respect to the wall.

2. A structure of the character described including in combination a boiler` wall of masonry and a line of boiler tubes supported independently oi? said wall and alongside of and closely adjacent to the same so as to shield said wall and exposed to the radiant heat of the burning fuel on their inner side only, said wall having an inward horizontally extending portion through which the lower ends of the tubes pass and said tubes being supported at their upper ends and free at their lower ends to expand downwardly.

3. A structure of the character described including in combination a side wall, vertical boiler tubes. alongside or said wall and supporting means for their upper ends leaving them free to expand downward, a lower header suspended from the lower ends of said tubes and a casing extending inwardly from said Wall and enclosing said lower header and in which the latter is vertically movable.

4. A structure of the character described including in combination a sidewall, vertical boiler tubes alongside of lsaid wall, a header from which said tubes are suspended with freedom to expand downward, a lower header suspended from the lower ends of said tubes, and casings extending inwardly from said wall and in which said headers ltermediate point in the length of said boiler tubes,

and connected above and below with parts of said tubes and free to expand therewith, and a wall Carrying .9.- aSing enclosing said cross-box with weaves a lower wall and a set of upright water tubes alongside of the same, said lower wall and upright tubes being supported independently of each other and being expansible one with relation to the other and the lower wall being supported independently of the upper wall and being expansible with relation to the upper wall.

7. A structure including in combination an inner wall comprising a line of upright water tubes space d apart with metallic extensions substantially across the spaces and extending over substantially the full exposed length oi the tubes, and an outer wall supported independently oi said inner wall, the two'being close together to `prevent the passage of the heating gases between Vas.

them and so that the tubes are exposed to the heating gases onlyon the inner faces thereof.

8. A structure including in combination an inner Wall comprising a line of upright water tubes spaced apart with metallic extensions extending substantially across such spaces and an outer wall of masonry spaced away from said ilanges and shielded from the heating gases over substantially -outer walls being close the inner and together so as to' prevent access of the heating gases between them and so that the upright tubes are exposed to the heating gases on their inner faces only.

9. A structure including in combination an inner wall comprising a line of yupright water tubes spaced apart with metallic extensions extending its entire face by said inner wall,

substantially across such spaces and an outer wall of masonry spaced away from said iianges and shielded from the heating gases its entire face by said inner wall, the inner and outer walls being close together so as to prevent over substantially access of the heating gases between them and so that the upright tubes are exposed to the heating gases on' their inner faces only, and a protecting shield on the said upright tubes.

l0. A furnace including an outer wall of refractory material on the inner side of which is a single line of upright water tubes and on the inner side of the lower portion of which is a protecting wall of refractory material, said tubes being spaced apart and metallic members bridging the space between them from the top of the inside refractory wall to about the upper ends ofthe tubes, said outer wall being spaced from said metallic members. THOMAS4 E. MURRAY.

inner side of the lowerportions of y lll

Images