US1953316A - Transfer element - Google Patents

Description

R. A. STARK TRANSFEB ELEMENT April 3, 1934.

Filed Oct. 14, 1931 INVENTOR W W Patented Apr. 3, 1934 PATENT OFFICE TRANSFER ELEMENT .Robert A. Stark, Park Ridge, N. J., assignor to' Mittag & Volger, Incorporated, Park Ridge, N. J., a corporation of New'Jersey Application) October 14,

3 Claims.

This invention relates to a transfer element and has particular reference to an element having ink or other transfer material only on one face thereof.

5 Inked ribbons used heretofore for transferring impressions from type or the like ,to a sheet of paper, frequently clog the type with ink, dirt and thread particles of the ribbon fabric if the type'is applied directly to the ribbon, so that the impression made by the type is not clear-cut and the type must be`cleaned periodically. Also,

if the ribbon is used for transfer purposes between two or more sheets of paper in place of the usual carbon paper, or the like, the back of the sheet to which the type is applied or the surface of the sheets opposite the type sides thereof are smudged by the back of the ribbon so that a clean, clear-cut transfer job devoid of smudges cannot be obtained.

The so-called Semi-inked ribbon used heretofore and consisting of a fabric ribbon inked only on one side is subject to the same objections outlined in connection with the `usual form of fullyinked ribbon, except that the smudging of the backs of the sheets, when the ribbons are used for transfer purposes between the sheets in place of carbon paper, is fainter than is the case with fully inked ribbons, notwithstanding general impressionsto the contrary. It has also been pro- ;o posed to coat inked ribbons with an amorphous cellulose material' onone or both sides either by applying cellulose solutions directly to the ribbon; or by applying a cellulose sheet, such as cellophane, thereto. While it might be possible ;5 to make these cellulose coatings sufiiciently dense to render them imperviops to the ink on the ribbon, I have found that, at least in so far as a cellophane coating on one side of the ribbon is concerned, it will not produce a perfect arrange- ,0 ment for the reason that the cellophane ripples and creeps relatively to the ribbon when the type is applied thereto. Furthermore, probably because of unequal expansion between the ribbon and the cellophane hacking, the ribbon does `5 not lie fiat but tends to .curl at the edges and dish on the cellophane side, so that the ribbon is liable and likely to. become misaligned in a transfer machine, such as a typewriter or the like. Also, it is 'difflcult to secure a permanent 0 bond between the cellophane and the fabric, so

that it will not loosen after a time and curl away from the fabric.

It is the principal object of this invention to provide 'an imperviously-backed transfer ele- 5 ment, which overcomes the aforementioned ob- 1931, Serial No. 568,765

jection to the former types of inked ribbons and yet is inexpensive and simple to manufacture, readily handled, and extremely effective for transferring sharp, clean and clear-cut impressions to a sheet of paper or the likel without smudging the back of the front sheet, curling or wearing out rapidly, and which may be used over and over again without material damage or impairment.

In accordance with this object, the preferred embodiment of the new transfer element of this invention comprises a web, ribbon, or sheet of porous material such as woven fabric, fully'or partially impregnated with a suitable transfer material, such as type ink, and applied to or having applied to the back or type side thereof a strip or sheet of special paper, which is thin so as not to interfere with the type impression and yet is strong enough to resist pulling or tearing forces without rupturing; which is relatively stiff and to`ugh so as to hold the fabric fiat against curling and resist creasing or folding and especially puncturing; which is smooth so as to offer little frictional resistance to passing between sheets of paper; which is impervious to the ink or other transfer material in the fabric, even if driven against the fabric by heavy blows of the type; and which is unaffected by atmospheric changes and appears to have the same expansion as the fabric and be unstretchable or stretchable equally with the web so as to adhere firmly thereto and not ripple 'or creep when struck by the type, whereby the element retains its original smoothness after being used many times.

For a better understanding of this invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 illustrates the type or impression side of the new transfer element of this invention, the impervious back of which is shown partially removed to expose the inked web;

Fig. 2 illustrates the transfer side thereof and three ways of securing the inked web and the back together to form the unitary transfer element;

Fig. 3 illustrates' a modified form of the new transfer element, in which the impervious back is of greater width or area than the inked web.

In Figs. `1 and 2 of the drawing, numeral 10 designates a web of porous material, preferably woven textile fabric or cloth .of uniform texture, although it may be simply a porous felted material, or the like, which need not be self-supporting in itself since it is mounted on' a self-supporting back in a manner to be described. This web is illustrated as being in ribbon or tape form,

for transferring only one or a' few lines of type number of lines or widely spaced lines of type impressions at a time to a paper Sheet or the like,

being usable instead of the usual Sheet of carbon 10 paper, for example.

`'I'he web 10-is fully impregnated with ink or other transfer material, or is Semi-impregnated or coated with ink or other transfer material only on one surface, preferably before it is provided with the impervious back, although the inking of the web may be done after the hacking step, especially when the web is made of the felted or other substantially non-Self-Supporting porous material described.

The impervious hacking Sheet or strip 11 of the web is made of a special paper, which is tough, strong, comparatively smooth, Semi-transparent, relatively stifi, and impervious to the ink or other transfer material in or on the web or ribbon 10. The paper of which the hacking sheet or strip 11 is made is manufactured from a hydrated pulp containing an excessive quantity of sulphite, and

this pulp is given an additional beatinglto make it homogeneous, so that when it is calendered, it becomes a Semi-transparent, artificial parchment, which is Smooth and crackles and appears to have been treated with Wax, parafiin or oil, although no such materials, which would tend to prevent permanent gluing to the web 10, are employed. The hacking Sheet 11 is accordingly substantially non-porous, i. e., there are no through or connecting pores of sufficient size to admit the ink or transfer material, either when the latter is forced against the Sheet by heavy blows of the type or by capillary action.

The hacking Sheet 11 is applied to the web or ribbon 10, or vice versa, with a suitable adhesive or glue, and the web or ribbon 10 and the hacking Sheet 11 are pressed or rolled firmly together. This adhesive or glue, designated 12 in Fig. 2, preferably comprises a mixture of gum-arabic, dextrin and glycerin. If the web or ribbon 10 is Semi-inked or coated with the transfer material on one surface, the hacking sheet 11, is, of course, applied to the uninked surface thereof. Also the web or ribbon may be inked or coated with transfer material after the hacking Sheet 11 is applied thereto if desired, as aforementioned. Instead of securing the web or ribbon 10 and the backat 13 or clamped together along their edges with thefmetal clips 14, also shown in Fig. 2. These metal clips 14 are V-shaped in section when open and are Slipped o'ver the edges of the -superimposed ribbon and hacking sheet and fiattened to clamp the ribbon and hacking Sheet together. These clips 14 also Serve to Stiffen the transfer elements.

It will be seen that the web or ribbon 10 and the hacking Sheet 11, so joined together, adhere permanently to form a unitary transfer element. The web or ribbon 10 and the backing sheet 11 appear to have substantially the same'degree of elasticity so that they stretch or expand substantially equally and not relatively to each other, and so do not creep, or ripple relatively to each other, but remain flat and smooth at all times under the severest usage and changing weather conditions, so that the new inked rihbo n remains effective and may be used over and over again. The hacking Sheet 11 is relatively stiff so that it lends body to the web or ribbon 10, whereby it permanently holds its flat Shape, resists creasing and, because of its toughness and strength, resists tearing and puncturing. cause the hacking sheet 11 overlies the ribbon or web, the type is not clogged with ink, dirt or thread particles if applied directly to the ribbon and so the type remains clean and produces a sharp clear-cut impression at all times. Likewise, the hacking strip 11 also prevents the new transfer element from smudging the back of the front sheet or page or sheets or pages if placed between sheets or pages instead of the usual carbon' paper, and, because of its smoothness and anti-friction properties, the hacking sheet does not cling to the front Sheet.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the web or riboon 10 and the hacking sheet 11 are illustrated as entirely coextensive. The modified form of Fig. 3 illustrates a hacking Sheet 11' having a greater area or width than the web or ribbon 10', so that the opposite edges of the hacking Sheet 11' extend heyond the corresponding edges of the web or rihbon 10'. With this arrangement, the edges of the web or ribbon 10' are protected against fraying or undue wear, and are prevented from Spreading so that a uniform density of ribbon and ink is maintained. This modified form of the transfer element also has the same advantages of the first form illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2.

The new transfer element of this invention may be supplied in any size and Shape, such as in ribbon, tape, band, Sheet, or other forms, and, following the arrangement shown in Fig. 3, the hacking Sheet 11' 'may be larger than the web 10' to any desirahle degree, Such as a large hacking Sheet 11 of page size having one or more small webs 10' Secured at various points thereon for tahulating purposes, for example, this arrangement being more durable and usable longer than the usual carbon-spotted forms or transfer sheets, since the hacking Sheet 11' is more durable and the web 10' holds more transfer material than the carbon Spots can Supply.

Various other arrangements and modiflcations of this invention lie within its scope and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited by the preferred embodiments illustrated and described herein.V

I claim:

1. In a transfer element, the combination of a porous web at least partiallyimpregnated with ink, a Sheet of material impervious to the ink Secured coextensively to one Surface of said web, said Sheet and web having substantially the same degree of elasticity.

2. In a transfer element, the combination of a porous web at least partially impregnated with

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