US1952004A - Phosphorus furnace operation - Google Patents

Phosphorus furnace operation Download PDF

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Publication number
US1952004A
US1952004A US550120A US55012031A US1952004A US 1952004 A US1952004 A US 1952004A US 550120 A US550120 A US 550120A US 55012031 A US55012031 A US 55012031A US 1952004 A US1952004 A US 1952004A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
blast
stock
phosphorus
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US550120A
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English (en)
Inventor
Weigel Rothe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Victor Chemical Works
Original Assignee
Victor Chemical Works
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE389678D priority Critical patent/BE389678A/xx
Application filed by Victor Chemical Works filed Critical Victor Chemical Works
Priority to US550120A priority patent/US1952004A/en
Priority to GB17657/32A priority patent/GB395865A/en
Priority to DEV28386D priority patent/DE613895C/de
Priority to FR739712D priority patent/FR739712A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1952004A publication Critical patent/US1952004A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
    • B01J8/12—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by gravity in a downward flow
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/003—Phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/01—Treating phosphate ores or other raw phosphate materials to obtain phosphorus or phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/02—Preparation of phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/02—Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in the production of phosphorus, more particularly in volatilization furnaces of the type of blast furnaces. It willl be fully understood from the following description, illustrated by the accompanying drawing, in which a furnace suitable for carrying the invention into effect is illustrated in section.
  • the proportions of fume, dust and other impurities carried in the gases from the furnace are materially reduced, higher temperatures are se- 39 cLued in the hearth, with more effective volatilization of phosphorus, the phosphate content of the slag is reduced, and in general, the yield of phosphorus from the furnace is materially improved, as well as the purity of the phosphorus or phosphate products formed from it.
  • the operation is so conducted as to avoid a uniform descent of the charge through the stack of the fur- 05 nace and to cause its descent to take place intermittently at regular or irregular intervals; and by the drop or descent of the stock at such intervals, to secure a substantial compacting of the material in the furnace.
  • the increased compactness of the stock column in the furnace is shown by a substantial increase in the blast pressure when operating in accordance with the present invention over the blast pressure required in operation in the same furnace with the customary continuous, uniform descent of stock.
  • a convenient way of securing such a controlled descent of the stock at intervals and compacting of the stock column is by a partial or complete stoppage of the blast, although, as is readily apparent, ⁇ other means may be employed for securing this result.
  • the construction of the furnace itself may desirably be modified when operating in accordance with the present invention, for example, by reducing the batter of the stack o1 ⁇ by providing in the lower portion of the stack, above the bosh, a section substantially cylindrical T in form, having no batter or a substantially negligible batter.
  • the accompanying drawing illustrates a furnace of this character in which the invention may suitably be carried out.
  • Batter is the slope of the furnace walls as 1U measured by the number of inches the radius of the furnace changes per foot of change in height.
  • An inward batter is one where there is a decrease in radius toward the top of the furnace. 119
  • the numeral 5 indicates the hearth of the furnace and the numeral 6 the bosh, above which is the stack 7.
  • the lower portion of the stack designated as 8
  • the upper portion of the stack designated Se
  • the height of the stack may vary Widely, say from 40 to 100 feet, and the height of the section 8 may suitably be from 10 to 25 feet, preferably about 15 feet.
  • the furnace is provided with a cap 9 having a gas outlet 10, through which the furnace gases containing volatilized phosphorus pass to suitable dust and nlm collectors (not shown).
  • a cap 9 having a gas outlet 10, through which the furnace gases containing volatilized phosphorus pass to suitable dust and nlm collectors (not shown).
  • ri'he cap 9 is likewise provided with a suitable form of feed device, for example, a double bell feed hopper 11.
  • the blast furnace is started with coke and slag in the usual manner, and is then supplied with phosphate mineral, silicious material and carbon for reduction of the phosphate, and with coke for fuel in the requisite quantities.
  • the phosphate mineral may suitably be run-of-mine phosphate rock, ground and briquetted in small briquettes, say 1.5 to 2 inches square in cross section or thereabouts with silicious material and carbonaceous material, the silicious material and carbonaceous material being present in proportions equal to or less than those required for re- ,June 8, 1931.
  • the fuel carbon is supplied preferably as coke and in operating in accordance with the present invention, the size of coke employed is preferably smaller than ordinary furnace coke, as ⁇ hereinbefore pointed out.
  • the proportion of fuel coke to briquettes and silica is adjusted to secure the desired hearth temperatures and in ordinary practice will range from 67% to 72% of the briquettes and silica.
  • the burden and fuel are fed in suitable quantities, as in ordinary practice, the unit charges of fuel coke varying from 7500 to 12000 lbs. and those of the burden being adjusted accordingly. l
  • the blast is slacked or reduced either partly or completely, preferably by diverting it from the the furnace. rIhe slacking or checking of the blast is effected before any substantial normal descending movement of the charge in the furnace has taken place.
  • the lifting force of the blast being removed from the stock it drops rapidly and in its fall the column of stock is greatly compacted. As hereinbefore pointed out, this compacting of the stock is clearly indicated by the greater blast pressures required for operation in accordance with the present invention.
  • the average blast pressure was in the order of 12 to 13.5 lbs.
  • the blast pressure required in the same furnace is in excess of 14 lbs., and in general from 14.5 te 15 lbs.
  • Higher hearth temperatures, in general above 1600 C. are secured, as indicated by greater fluidity and lower phosphate content of the slag, and by increased volatlization of phosphorus.
  • the blast be slacked or checked and the stock column compacted at regular intervals, say once an hour.
  • substantially the entire movement of the stock through the furnace takes place upon reduction of the blast, the stock column being practically stationary during the period the blast is on.
  • Slag is preferably tapped from the hearth just before or only a short time before the blast is checked, so that too great a body of slag will not be present in the hearth during the rapid drop of the stock column.
  • the proportions of dust and fume in the furnace gases are materially reduced with relation to the proportions of phosphate mineral charged.
  • the proportion of dust and fume collected is reduced to 0.095 lbs. per pound of phosphorus pentoXide charged and in general is around 0.085 or less.
  • the method which comprises maintaining the stock in the furnace in a compacted state substantially throughout the operation of the furnace, said compactness being such as to require an increase in blast pressure of the order of 10% and upwards over the pressure normally required for a stock consisting essentially of coke having an average size of 1% by 31/4," and briquettes of phosphatic material 11/2 to 2 square in cross-section, said briquettes comprising about X3 ofthe charge.
  • the method which comprises maintaining the stock in the furnace substantially stationary during combustion of the fuel constituents thereof, and at fre 150 quent intervals throughout the operation of the furnace effecting rapid downward movement of the stock, thereby compacting the stock column.
  • the method which comprises intermittently checking the blast, thereby effecting rapid down- Ward movement of the stock column.
  • the method which comprises maintaining the stock in the furnace substantially stationary while applying the blast, thereby effecting combustion of the fuel constituents, and intermittently checking the blast, thereby effecting rapid downward movement of the stock column.
  • the method which comprises maintaining the stock in the furnace substantially stationary -for periods while continuing the blast, thereby effecting combustion of the fuel constituents, intermittently checking the blast, thereby effecting rapid downward movement of the stock column, and adjusting the periods at which the blast is checked to cause substantially the entire movement of the stock to take place during the periods of checking the blast.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US550120A 1931-07-11 1931-07-11 Phosphorus furnace operation Expired - Lifetime US1952004A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE389678D BE389678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1931-07-11
US550120A US1952004A (en) 1931-07-11 1931-07-11 Phosphorus furnace operation
GB17657/32A GB395865A (en) 1931-07-11 1932-06-22 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of phosphorus
DEV28386D DE613895C (de) 1931-07-11 1932-06-29 Erzeugung von Phosphor in Schachtoefen
FR739712D FR739712A (fr) 1931-07-11 1932-07-06 Perfectionnements à la fabrication du phosphore

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US550120A US1952004A (en) 1931-07-11 1931-07-11 Phosphorus furnace operation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1952004A true US1952004A (en) 1934-03-20

Family

ID=24195827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US550120A Expired - Lifetime US1952004A (en) 1931-07-11 1931-07-11 Phosphorus furnace operation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US1952004A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE389678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE613895C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR739712A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB395865A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2625386A (en) * 1947-05-20 1953-01-13 David P Leone Method and apparatus for controlling blast furnaces

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2625386A (en) * 1947-05-20 1953-01-13 David P Leone Method and apparatus for controlling blast furnaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE389678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB395865A (en) 1933-07-27
DE613895C (de) 1935-05-29
FR739712A (fr) 1933-01-16

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