US1950236A - Gas producer and other furnaces - Google Patents

Description

March 6, 1934. A L HA 1,950,236

GAS PRODUCER AND OTHER FURNACES Filed April 24, 193-3 2 Sheets-Sheet l IIIIIIIIA (IIIIIIIIIIIIII h 4' INVENTOR ALBERT L. GALUSHA BY HIS ATTORNEYS WM WW March 6, 1934. A. L. GALUSHA GAS PRODUCER AND OTHER FURNACES Filed April 24, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ALBERT L. GALUSHA P4 m m BY Hls A'r'roRNEYs Patented Mar. 6, 1934 1,950,236 GAS PRODUCER AND OTHER FURNACES Albert Leet Galusha, Caldwell, N. J.

Original application July 17, 1930, Serial No. 468,634. Divided and this application April 24, 1933, Serial No. 667,751

3 Claims. (Cl. 122-5) This invention deals with the construction of the wall for a combustion chamber and with an ash brake mounted on the wall. The invention was made with particular reference to problems 5 arising in'gas producer construction but may be used in furnaces of other sorts or wherever conditions demand or warrant it. One purpose is to eliminate the need of a brick lining on the interior of the combustion chamber wall and to make possible a water-jacketed metal wall that will not cause the fire bed to be cooled to the extent of preventing complete combustion near the wall but nevertheless will itself be kept below a temperature that would cause it to melt.

In the drawings- Fig. 1 is a. view in central vertical section through a gas producer in the region of the grate, showing the grate with stirrer arms, the waterjacketed wall and the ash brakes, the construction of the wall illustrating one modification of this invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the part of a producer shown in Fig. 1, the wall being of the usual construction;

'25 Fig. 3 is a detail view in section through the water-jacketed wall, showing the construction of the latter and of the ash brake mounted thereon, drawn to a larger scale;

Fig. 4 is a view in section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a view in vertical section of an alternative form of wall construction.

In the drawings the invention is shown applied to a gas producer of the type shown in my copending application Serial No. 468,635, filed July 17, 1930. In the type of gas producer there shown two spaced annular shells 10, 11, (Fig. 2), form the wall, providing a Water chamber between them. Ordinarily such shells are designed for .40 strength only and the inner shell 10 is from inch to inch thick. According to the prevailing practice before this, the interior of the inner shell would be lined with fire brick either in the region of combustion only or for the full .45 height of the combustion chamber. But fire bricks lead to the formation of clinkers which become cemented on the wall, thus decreasing the size of the region of combustion and disturbing the uniformity of burning. If, however, the brick lining is omitted, the fire is cooled and combustion is retarded near the wall,obviously an undesirable condition since more of the fuel burns to dioxide gas instead of monoxide gas which it is desired to make in a gas producer. As a solution of this problem, I add to the heat resistance of the inner shell in order that the heat transfer through the shell to the water, though sufficient to prevent overheating of the shell, may be retarded enough to keep the fire bed from being undesirably cooled. I may do W this in several Ways, such as by putting a coating of heat resistant material on the outer side of the inner shell or by adding a supplemental shell close to the inner one, or by making the inner shell several times thicker than is necessary for 3 strength alone, or by adding a number of ribs on the outer side of the inner shell. The result in each case is to increase the resistance, or to decrease the rate of heat transfer, two or three times or more, and that maintains the tempera- 7Q ture of the inner side below the fusion point of the metal but above a point at which combustion would be retarded near the Wall.

When the effect is gained by using a thicker wall, the thickness is of the order of about one inch and upward, being from {-2- inch to 1 inches or more. The added thickness may be in a supplemental shell 12 (Figure 3) or it may be in an integral oversize shell 10 (Figure 1). The horizontal annular ribs 13 (Figure 5) will give the same result. The ribs 13 may be formed by a plurality of rings or by a continuous spirally wound strip, the rings or spiral strip forming an obstruction to the free circulation of the water of the water jacket adjacent the outer face of the shell 10. The rings or the coils of the strip also tend to retain between them the steam bubbles forming on the shell wall and thus retard the radiation of heat from the shell wall. Only the water beyond the outer faces of the rings or the coils of the strip may circulate freely but heat conduction to the rings or the coils of the strip is retarded by the formation of steam bubbles between the shell 10 and the rings or strip.

The grate is of the construction described in my application Serial No. 294,132 filed July 20, 1928, which resulted in Patent No. 1,891,809, issued December 20, 1932, and therefore is not described in detail.

In making producer gas and in pre-heating the 1 moist air going to the furnace, but a fraction of a pound of steam or its equivalent is needed for each pound of solid fuel gasified.

If a gas producer with a complete water-jacket were used with the ordinary metal water-jacket, Im5 the flow of heat to the water would be far in excess of the steam consumption requirements. In order to keep the saturated air temperature correct and the steam production accordingly it would be necessary to employ a large amount of co-pending application Serial No. 468,634, filed July 1'7, 1930, of which application this application is a division.

I claim- 1. In a furnace, a double wall forming a water jacket around the combustion chamber, the inner wall being a metal shell presenting a smooth surface directly contacting with the fuel bed and comprising metal in the cornbustion'zone in addition to the shell thickness needed for strength for decreasing the rate of heat transfer to maintain the temperature of its inner side above a point at which combustion will be retarded near the Wall but below the fusion point of the metal.

2. In a furnace, a double wall forming a water jacket around the combustion chamber, the inner Wall being a laminated metal shell presenting a smooth surface directly contacting with the fuel bed and comprising metal in the combustion zone in addition to the shell thickness needed for strength for decreasing the rate of heat transfer to maintain the temperature of its inner side above a point at which combustion will be retarded near the wall but below the fusion point of the metal.

3. In a furnace, a double wall forming a water jacket around the combustion chamber, the inner wall being a metal shell directly contacting with the fuel bed and comprising closely adjacent substantially horizontal metallic ribs substantially covering the outer face of said inner wall in the combustion zone, in addition to the shell thickness needed for strength for decreasing the rate of heat transfer to maintain the temperature of its inner side above a point at which combustion will be retarded near the wall but below the fusion point of the metal.

ALBERT LEET GALUSHA.

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