US1950187A - Statistical machine - Google Patents

Statistical machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US1950187A
US1950187A US564761A US56476131A US1950187A US 1950187 A US1950187 A US 1950187A US 564761 A US564761 A US 564761A US 56476131 A US56476131 A US 56476131A US 1950187 A US1950187 A US 1950187A
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Prior art keywords
control
lever
sensing
disc
levers
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Expired - Lifetime
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US564761A
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English (en)
Inventor
Mansel Paul
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Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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  • My invention relates to statistical machines, such as tabulating machines or other ofilce machines, and more particularly to statistical machines of the type in which provision is made for changing the machine from one operating condition to another, for instance from a condition in which the machine senses or interprets certain datarecorded by perforations on a card or strip and registers, prints, or otherwise analyzes such data, to a condition in which the machine is connected operatively with an adding mechanism or the like.
  • the object of my invention is to provide a machine of this character which will require relatively little power for its operation, and in which excessive strains on parts of the mechanism are avoided, thus reducing wear and extending the life of the machine. Another advantage secured by my inventon is great accuracy in itsoperation, irrespective of long continued use.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a tabulating device provided for one denomination and based on the combination of four perforations, with the selector or feeler mechanism for the perforated cards pertaining thereto, and the mechanism for the group control,
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram of connections for Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a. perspective view showing a modified construction of certain parts of Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram of connections for the modified construction according to Fig. 4,
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram of the combination of perforations employed
  • Fig. '7 is an elevation, with parts in section, showing four type wheels and the respective sets of control discs,
  • Fig. 8 is a developed view showing the details of one set of control discs.
  • Fig. 9 is a general wiring diagram of the machine.
  • perforations are arranged in a plurality of groups 3 each having four squares or fields, such groups extending in the direction in which the card 1 is moved by the feed rolls 2. If it is desired to designate the value 1, a perforation is provided in the first square or field of the four field group 3, while for designating the values or digits 2, 4 or 8 the 2nd, 3rd or 4th field is perforated.
  • the armature 9 of the electromagnet 6 is mounted upon a lever 12 which is pivotally connected with a lever 11 adapted to rock about a spindle and said lever 12 is provided with a transverse member 21.
  • the levers 11, 12 are arranged to co-operate with a set of four control discs or segmental control members 13, 14, and 16 which are supported on pins 1'7, 18 and 19.
  • the disc 13 is coordinated to the first field of any four field group 3 and thus to the digit or value '1, while the control discs 14, 15, 16 are coordinatedto the values 2, 4 and 8 respectively.
  • Each of the control discs is provided with a projection 13, 14 15 and 16 respectively.
  • the upper or engaging surfaces of these four projections are substantially in the same plane when in their normal position, but they are located at different distances from the center or axis of the four discs, the projection 13 being nearest to such axis, and the projection 16 farthest therefrom.
  • the transverse member 21 of the lever 12 will thus in succession be brought into co-operative relation to the individual control discs 13 to 16 through their control projections lit -16' if by he rotation ofa stepped cam 22 the lever 11 is rocked on its fulcrum 10 in a counter-clockwise direction against the resistance of a spring 11.
  • the shaft 4'7 on which the cam 22 is secured rigidly is connected operatively by suitable means (not shown) to rotate in synchronism with the feed rolls 2, so that the position of the cam relatively to the roller mounted on the lever 11 and engaged by said cam, will depend on the position of the card 1 relatively to the feed rolls 2.
  • the four control discs are held both in their inoperative position and in the position in which they have been shifted circumferentially upon a downward movement of the transverse member 21, by four pawls 23 which under the influence of four springs 24 are pressed into ratchet teeth provided upon the peripheries of the control discs.
  • a type wheel 28 common to all of them, this wheel being provided at its periphery with types from zero to nine.
  • the type wheel also carries pivotally a pawl controlled by a spring 29; when the type wheel turns, this pawl slides over the inner rim of all four control discs.
  • the rotation of the type wheel 28 driven from a motor 73 (Fig. '7) through a friction clutch 74 is stopped as soon as the pawl reaches a position in registry with axially aligned notches 49 of the four control discs 13 to 16 and drops into such aligned notches.
  • each friction clutch 74 consists of an elastic disc which presses the respective type wheel 28 against a collar '75 secured to the shaft 26 and thus produces the requisite friction. If desired, washers of oil-saturated felt, wood or other suitable material may be interposed between the elastic discs '74 and the adjoining collars '75.
  • the shaft 26 is driven continuously by the motor 73 through suitable gearing, such as the toothed wheels 76, '77.
  • Fig. 8 shows the four control discs 13, 14, 15, 16 in a developed view, the vertical dotted lines, numbered from 0 to 9, being parallel to the axis of the shaft 26 and of the type wheel 28.
  • Fig. 8 shows these control discs in the relative position which they have in the position of rest and it will be seen that in this position, the bottoms of the zero notches and only of these) are in axial registry with each other on all four control discs.
  • the pawl 30 is in engagement with said registering zero notches of all four control discs, said position of rest being also indicated it! in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 8 shows the four control discs 13, 14, 15, 16 in a developed view, the vertical dotted lines, numbered from 0 to 9, being parallel to the axis of the shaft 26 and of the type wheel 28.
  • Fig. 8 shows these control discs in the relative position which they have in the position of rest and it will be seen that in this position, the bottoms of the zero notches and only of these) are in axial registry
  • the arrangement of the notches is different for each of the control discs, but is so devised that movement of one or more of these discs through the distance a will bring the bottoms of notches 49 into axial registry on all four discs at different positions indicated by the dotted lines numbered 1 to 9, so as to give the type wheel 28 partial rotations of the desired extent.
  • the card 1 will have a perforation in the second field of the fourfield group 3 and when such perforation registers with the end of the selector contact 5 the magnet 6 will be energized to swing the armature 9 and the levers 11, 12 so that the transverse member 21 will move downward.
  • the shaft 47 carrying the cam 22 is operatively connected with the card-feeding mechanism, so that a. definite position in the travel of the card will correspond to each position of the shaft 4'7 and of the cam 22. 5C
  • the pawl 30 and the type wheel 28 are first carried around in a counter-clockwise direction.
  • the pawl 30 is, however, displaced from the bottoms of the notches 49 by the control disc which has remained in its inoperative position, and during the further rotation of the shaft 26 the type wheel 28 is again turned clockwise through the agency of the friction clutch '74, 75, until the pawl 30 reaches the inoperative position shown in Fig. 1 and is arrested therein.
  • Each of the four control discs 13 to 16 carries two extensions 33 by which double-armed control levers 34 provided for each of the control discs are adapted to be controlled which levers are fulcrumed independently of each other on a rod 35.
  • the control levers 34 are provided with two notches 36, 37 adapted to be engaged by a rod 38 common to the four control levers coordinated to one column of the card, in dependence on the position of the control levers 34.
  • This rod 33 is mounted in bell-crank levers 39 which in their turn are rigidly mounted on their spindle 64.
  • This spindle is journaled in the one-armed levers 42 and these are adapted to oscillate about their stationary spindle 41 and are connected at their free ends by the rod 35 which forms the fulcrum of the control levers 34.
  • each lever 34 is provided with a tooth having inclined surfaces, and whenever a lever 34 swings on its fulcrum 35 to bring the rod 38 from one of said notches to the other, such tooth will lift the rod 38 for a moment and then drop it again.
  • all the levers 34 are in such a position that the rod 38 is seated in their right-hand notches 3'1; the left hand ends of the levers are in such a position as to clear the left hand projections 33 when the levers 34 move downward with the rod 35, and the right hand ends of the levers 34, while above the right hand projections 33, are at such a distance therefrom that if the levers 34 move down in the pc:ition illustrated by Fig.
  • the bell-crank levers 39 are also connected by a rod 43 which on rocking of the bell-crank levers 39 controls a contact 44.
  • the momentary lifting of the rod 38 closes said contact for a short while.
  • This mechanism is utilized for exerting the group control in a manner to be described further on.
  • the one-armed levers 42 and thus the entire sensing device perform a counter-clockwise rocking about their spindle 41 when a pin 45 on the lever 42 drops into a notch 46 of a control disc 48 mounted on the shaft 47.
  • the control shaft 4'7 is adapted to perform one complete revolution during each tabulating operation.
  • Fig. 2 shows the mechanism for changing the machine from one operative condition to another.
  • the contact 44 for the control of the group shown in Fig. 1 is connected in series with the coil of an electromagnet 50.
  • the armature 50 of this electromagnet is normally pulled away from the electromagnet by a spring 51 and is constructed as a shifting lever for the clutch member 53 which is slidable lengthwise of the shaft 52, but held to rotate therewith.
  • On this shaft is mounted loosely, and held against longitudinal movement, a gear wheel 54 having clutch teeth to engage corresponding teeth on the clutch member 53.
  • the clutch member 53 has another set of clutch teeth adapted to engage corresponding teeth on the hub 56 of a disc 57 mounted loosely on the shaft 52, but held against longitudinal movement.
  • the shaft 52 is rotated continuously in any suitable manner as by means of an electric motor 55.
  • a sleeve 57 the disc 57 is connected rigidly with a gear wheel 59.
  • the disc 57 is provided with a notch so as to operate a movable switch member to make or break a contact at 58 so as to keepthe circuit energizing the electromagnet 50 closed at certain times even after the circuit has been opened at the switch 44.
  • the device shown in Figs. 1 to 3 operates as follows: If the type wheel 28 associated with the control discs 13 to 16 tabulates or registers the value 1, for instance, a plurality of times, the control disc 13 will at each tabulating operation be shifted clockwise relatively to the other three discs 14, 15, 16. Before the value set up by the partial rotation of the type wheel 28, in the present case the value 1, has been printed on the paper, the control disc 48 releases the pin so that the levers 42 will rock counter-clockwise about their spindle 41. This movement is shared by the rod 35 rigidly connected with the levers 42 and thus the control levers 34 carried by said rod move in unison toward the peripheries of the corresponding control discs 13 to 16.
  • the closing of the switch 44 causes the energizing of the electromagnet so that the clutch member 53 is moved out of contact with the hub of the toothed wheel 54, thereby interrupting the drive of the card by the feed rolls 2 which takes place by means of the motor 55 through shaft 52,'coupling members 53, 54, gear wheel 62 and shaft 63.
  • the card does not move, but remains in position for renewed co-operation with the sensing device when the feeding of the card is resumed.
  • the motor 55 is now connected to the clutch member 56 so that the contact disc 5'7 performs a revolution which first effects the closure of the holding contact 58 for the clutchshifting magnet 50.
  • the energizing of the magnet 50 is thus kept up for one complete revolution of the control disc 5'7 and during this revolution, the totalizing mechanism is operated by the shaft 61 through the gear wheels 59, 60 and carries out the totalizing and balancing of the tabulated amounts in any well-known or approved manner.
  • Fig. 3 I have illustrated the electric connection of a considerable number of contacts 44 with the electromagnet 50 for changing the machine from one operating condition to the other.
  • each of the contacts 44 which on the one hand are connected to the positive pole of a source of current through a line 65, is connected in series a manual switch 66 of any suitable construction.
  • a manual switch 66 of any suitable construction.
  • To each of these manual switches 66 is assigned a perforation symbol row of the card 1 (Fig. 1) to be made use of for the group control, and in working the machine those manual switches 66 are closed the respective rows of card perforations of which contain the particular group characteristic to be registered, printed, or tabulated.
  • each of the contacts or switches 44 co-operates with a separate group of instrumentalities (control discs, control levers, etc.) of the character shown in Fig. 1, and four such groups are indicated in Fig. '7. It is obvious that the closing of any one of the contacts 44 the manual switches of which are closed causes an energizing of the electromagnet 50 and thus the operation of printing the total or balancing. A drawback of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 3 may be seen in the fact that a corresponding number of manual switches 66 have to be attended to if the statement of groups, the equality of which has to be supervised during the passage of the or a balance.
  • lever key switches 67 for three switching positions are provided for all but the first and the last switches. These lever switches may be of similar design to those customary in the art of telegraphy.
  • the number of the switches 67 is by one greater than the number of the contacts 44. All these contacts are connected in series and the central springs of the lever key switches 67 are connected with this series-between two adjacent contacts 44, while all the left-hand outer springs 67* are electrically connected to a line 68 and through this line with the positive pole of a source of current, and all the right-handouter springs 67 are connected through a line 69 with a closed circuit relay 70.
  • one or more of the levers 34 should find the corresponding control discs in a position different from the one that such control discs occupied during the preceding downward movement of the rod 35.
  • such parti l lever or levers 34 will be rocked on the fulcrum rod 35 as described above, causing the switch 44 to be operated in such a way that the movable clutch member 53 will be shifted to change th machine from one operating condition to the other, as explained in connection with Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 9.
  • the control discs or control members 13, 14, 15, 16, in conjunction with the type wheel 28, constitute means for setting up the values determined or analyzed by the sensing means 4, while the levers 34 constitute means' for feeling or sensing the position of such setting up means 13, 14, 15, 16, through the co-operation of the ends of the levers 34 with the respective left hand and right hand projections 33 on said control members or setting up means.
  • the switch 44 and the parts controlled thereby constitute a control mechanism, governed by'said feeling or sensing means (levers 34) to effect a change of the machine from the other.
  • a machine of the class described designed for a plurality of operating conditions and, having a card-feeding device, means for sensing such card during its motion, a device, controlled by said sensing means, for setting up the values sensed from the card, a second sensing device controlled by said setting up device, a drive mechanism, a device for connecting said mechanism either with the card-feeding device, or with other mechanism while said feeding device is inactive, and an operative connection from said second sensing device to the said connecting device.
  • operative connection includes a switch con-v trolling the operation of the connecting device.
  • a machine of the class described designed for a plurality of operating conditions and having means for sensing perforated records, movable means controlled-by said'sensing means, for setting up the values sensed by said sensing means,'additional means for sensing the position of said setting-up means, which additional means maintain their relative position as long as said setting-up means have the same position at successive operations of said additional sensing means, but change their relative position when the position of the setting-up means is changed, and control mechanism governed by said additional sensing means to effect a change .of the machine from one operating condition to another.
  • a machine of the class described designed for a plurality of operating conditions and having means for sensing perforated records, -movable means controlled by said sensingmeans, for setting up the values sensed by said sensing means, additional sensing means for sensing the position of said setting-up means, said additional sensing means being movable against said setting-up means and cooperating therewith to ange the relative position-of said additional one operating condition to sensing means, and mechanism, operated by such I change in relative position, for changing the machine from one operating condition to another.
  • said setting-up means including a plu-
  • said additional sensing means including a plurality of sensing members, one for each of said control members, each of which additional sensing members maintains its relative position as long as the corresponding control member has the same position at successive operations of such additional sensing member, but changes its relative position when the position of said corresponding control member is changed, a switch common to all of said additional sensing members and operated by a change of relative position of any one of them, and control mechanism governed by said switch to effect a change of the machine from one operating condition to another.
  • a machine of the class described designed for a plurality of operating conditions and having means for sensing perforated records, movable means controlled by said sensing means, for setting up the values sensed by said sensing means, said setting-upmeans including a plurality of individually movable control members, additional lheans for sensing the position.
  • said additional sensing means including a plurality of sensing levers, one for each of said control members, and adapted to swing about their fulcrums to take one or the other of two positions, means for holding said leversin either of said positions, each of said levers maintaining its relative position as long as the corresponding control member has the same position at successive operations of such lever, but changing its relative position, by swinging-on its fulcrum, when the position of said corresponding control member is changed, and control mechanism, governed by the movement of any one of said levers about its fulcrum, to effect a change of the'machine from one operating condition to another.
  • a machine of the class described designed for a plurality.of operating conditions and having means for sensing perforated records, movable means controlled by said sensing means, for setting up the values sensed by said sensing means, said setting-up means including a plurality of individually movable control members, additional means for sensing the position of said setting-up means, said additional sensing means including a plurality of sensing members, one for each of said control members, each of which additional sensing members maintains its relative position as long as the corresponding control member has the same position at successive operations of such additional sensing member, but changes its relative position when the position of said corresponding control member is changed, a device for holding said additional sensing members in either of their relative positions, a switch common to all of said additional sensing bers and operated by said holding device upon a change of relative position of any one of said additional sensing members, and control mechanism governed by said switch to effect a change of the machine from one operating condition to another.
  • a machine of the class described designed for a plurality of operating conditions and having means for sensing perforated records, movable means controlled by said sensing means, for setting up the values sensed by said sensing means, said setting-up means comprising a plurality of individually movable control members each provided with two projections, additional means for sensing the position of said setting-up means, said additional sensing means including a plurality of sensing levers, one for each of said control members, arranged to cooperate with the projections of the respective control members, one end of each lever being adapted to engage one of the projections of the corresponding control member during a sensing operation at a time when the other projection of such control mernher is clear of the path of the other end of such lever, to cause such lever to swing on its fulcrum from one position to another, means for holding said levers in either of their positions, a switch common to all of said levers and operated upon a swinging of any one of them on its fulcrum, and control mechanism governed by said switch to effect a
  • a machine of the class described designed for a plurality of operating conditions and having means for sensing perforated records, a plurality of individually movable control members, an operating member shiftable into operative relation to any one of said control members, means for feeding a card and means for shifting said operating member into operative relation to the individual control members in synchronism with the movement of the card, means controlled by said sensing means for actuating said operating member to move that control member which at the time is in operative relation to said operating member, to set up the value' sensed by said sensing means, additional members for sensing the position of the several control members, each of which additional sensing members maintains its relative position as long as the corresponding control member has the same position at successive operations of the same additional sensing member, but changes its relative position when the position of such control member is changed, and control mechanism governed by said additional sensing members to effect a change of the machine from one operating condition to another.

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US564761A 1930-07-14 1931-09-24 Statistical machine Expired - Lifetime US1950187A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2429730A (en) * 1947-10-28 Sensing means for business machines
US2646987A (en) * 1946-12-23 1953-07-28 George A Hatherell Scoring system for ball games
US2737344A (en) * 1948-08-26 1956-03-06 Lewis M Mott-Smith Range and range-rate indicating unit
US3057547A (en) * 1962-10-09 Decoder
US3066860A (en) * 1961-11-20 1962-12-04 Toledo Scale Corp Chart reading mechanism
US3100600A (en) * 1961-11-21 1963-08-13 Toledo Scale Corp Chart reading mechanism
US3129295A (en) * 1958-12-22 1964-04-14 Cie Crouzet Automatic telephone call device
US3182907A (en) * 1965-05-11 Business machine rack stopping mechanism

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2429730A (en) * 1947-10-28 Sensing means for business machines
US3057547A (en) * 1962-10-09 Decoder
US3182907A (en) * 1965-05-11 Business machine rack stopping mechanism
US2646987A (en) * 1946-12-23 1953-07-28 George A Hatherell Scoring system for ball games
US2737344A (en) * 1948-08-26 1956-03-06 Lewis M Mott-Smith Range and range-rate indicating unit
US3129295A (en) * 1958-12-22 1964-04-14 Cie Crouzet Automatic telephone call device
US3066860A (en) * 1961-11-20 1962-12-04 Toledo Scale Corp Chart reading mechanism
US3100600A (en) * 1961-11-21 1963-08-13 Toledo Scale Corp Chart reading mechanism

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FR719928A (fr) 1932-02-12
GB385965A (en) 1933-01-02
NL33579C (de)

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