US1948275A

US1948275A - Refrigerating apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1948275A
Application number: US650404A
Authority: US
Inventors: Miller Benjamin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1933-01-06
Filing date: 1933-01-06
Publication date: 1934-02-20
Anticipated expiration: 1951-02-20

Description

Patented Feb. 20, 1934 PATENT OFFICE I 1 UNITED- ,STATES One of the important objects of the invention is to provide apparatus which is automatically operated by the melting or vaporization of the solid carbon dioxide which is placed in a movable carrier within a cooling chamber, metallic conductors being provided which assist in the transmission of the cold from the refrigerant carrier to the ice cream or food container.

A further object of the invention is to provide the refrigerant carrier with resilient means, pref erably springs, which serve to gradually raise the refrigerant carrier within its chamber as the va porization of the solid carbon dioxide continues and'the solid carbon dioxide diminishes in size.

It is a further object of the invention to construct the chamber, within which the refrigerant carrier moves, with two sets of openings or apertures, one set being elongated rectangular openings for the reception of the metallic conductors which contact with the movable refrigerant carrier and the ice cream containers, respectively, and the other set being square, rectangular or round apertures for the passage therethrough of the vapor from the melting or evaporating carbon dioxide to the ice cream or other food product containers.

One of the objects of the invention is to construct the solid carbon dioxide carrier with various means to control the movement thereof andassist in the conduction and passage of the vapor and cold air in the cooling chamber and through the apertures extending through the walls of the carrier chamber.

Another object of the invention is to construct the metallic cold conductors so that they make contact along the length of the ice cream containers and also extend about the top portions thereof to keep the ice cream containers in a constantly cold condition.

It is an additional object of the invention to connect the ice cream containers with cold conducting plates which are independent of the dry ice carrier and chamber.

A further object of the invention is to construct the apparatus to form direct passages for. the travel of the carbon dioxide vapor and refrigerated air to the ice cream containers.

The invention will be explained and more read-- ily understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate one form of the invention, it being obvious that variouschanges and modifications in the structure may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as expressed in the appended claims forming a part hereof. 60

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the refrigerator showing covers for the ice cream container compartments and the hinged cover of the refrigerant compartment.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the refrigerator on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of the refrigerator on the lines 3-3 of Figures 2 and 4.

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view of the refrigerator on the line H- of Figure 3. 4

Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the icev cream container showing the metallic cold conductor with its arms embracing the ice cream container. and also the cold conducting plates 76 connecting the ice cream containers in the refrigerator. I

Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the ice cream container and one of the cold conducting plates and also shows the metallic cold conductor 80 shown in Figure 5.

Figure '7 is a cross sectional view, looking downwardly on the line '7--7 of Figure 2', and illustrates one of the ice cream containers. and the metallic cold conductor, and the manner of its fitting in the wall of the cooling chamber.

Figure 8-is a perspective view of the solid carbon dioxide carrier which moves in the cooling chamber which is placed between the ice cream containers, and

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the walls of the cooling chamber in which the carrier shown in Figure 8 travels, upwardly and downwardly, portions of the chamber walls being broken away and illustrates the openings in the walls for the reception of the metallic cold conductors and the passage of vapors and cold air.

The refrigerator embodying my inventionfis constructed with the usual outer metallic wall 10, and the inner curved metallic wall 11, with an intermediate wall 12. Comminuted cork filling 13 is placed between the

walls

10 and 12, and wool or other desirable filling or insulating material -is placed between the

walls

11 and 12.

The bottom wall of the refrigerator is constructed with the 'fioor 15 and the corner boards .16. Comminuted cork filling material 13 is 'plate 24 are placed between the

side walls

25 and 26. The

side walls

25 and 26 extend upwardly from the walls 17. Metallic cold conductors 2'7 and 28 are fitted into them and will be further considered hereinafter. v The compartment 29 lies between the

compartments

19 and 20 which in turn contain the

ice cream cans

21 and 22. The inner portions of the curved walls 11 and the walls 25 and26 confine the insulating wool 14 to the lower por-" tion of the space between the curved walls 11 and the

walls

25 and 26, leaving the

spaces

30 and 31 for the reception and passage of the vapor from the solid carbon dioxide, as hereinafter set forth.

The top of the refrigerator is constructed with the plates 32, the top board 33 and the top covering 34. Tar paper, or other insulating material,

35 is placed between the boards or plates 32.

Covers 36 for the

compartments

21 and 22, respectively, are provided after the tops of the compartments 19 and20, have been finished-in any well known manner. A hinge cover 3'7 is fittedinto the top of the refrigerant chamber 29. The hinged cover 37 is also provided. with comminuted cork 13 which is held in place by the top board 38, side pieces and the retaining plate 39.

A lock or catch 40, such as is shown in the drawings, or other suitable means, is employed to keep the cover 37 closed in proper position when the refrigerator is normally in use.

" The compartment 29 having the

side walls

25 and 26 is provided

withthe end walls

41 and 42. The solid carbon dioxide carrier, generally designated 43, moves upwardly and downwardly within the chamber 29, formed by the

walls

25, 26, 41 and 42. The side wall 25 is provided with the vertically extending opening 44 to receive the metallic cold conductor 2'7, and the side wall 26 is provided with the vertically extending opening 45 to receive the metallic cold conductor 28.

The end wall 41 is provided with the opening 46 and the end wall 42 is provided with the opening 47. .These openings 46 and 4'7 may be square, rectangular, round or any desirable form. 'The

walls

25 and 26 arepreferably of some material whichwill assist in the conduction of the cold to the

ice cream containers

21 and 22. They may be of pressed wood, or any other suitable insulating material. The

end walls

41 and 42 whichpare shown thicker than the

walls

25 and 26, may be of wood.

.The metallic cold conductors 2'7 and 28 are each provided with grooves into which the

side walls

25 and 26 arefitted. This, is best shown in Figures 3 and '7.

The metallic cold conductors 2'7 and 28 are each fitted with the

arcuate arms

48 and 49, which embrace and contact the top portions of the curved walls 11 which surround the ice cream containers '21 and'22. The metallic cold conductors 2'7 and 28 are also provided with the contacting portions 50 and the depending vertical contacting strips 51, The

grooved metallic cold conductors 2'7 and 28 with their respective

arcuate arms

48 and 49, and the contacting portions 50 and depending strips 51 are each preferably integral structures.

A large metallic plate 52 connects the curved- 8 wall 11 at one side 'of the ice cream containers and similarly a large metallic plate 53 connects the curved walls 11 at the opposite side.

The solid carbon dioxide carrier 43 which travels in the compartment 29 is constructed of 8| metal, to withstand the wear and tear and shock resulting. from the frequent dropping of the refrigerant'therein and it alsoacts as a conductor for the cold. The carrier comprises the side walls 54 and 55 and the end walls 56 and '57,

' and also the bottom 58. There is no top on the refrigerant container or carrier 43., The box or carrier may be reenforced in any desirable way especially at the -corners as best shown in Figure 8.

I The bottom 58 is provided with a plurality of perforations 58a to allow the vapor or gas from the solid carbon dioxide to pass through -the perforations into the space beneath the carrier 43 and into the various ppenings and passages hereinafter described. The walls 56 and 5'1 are provided with the depending

portions

58 and 59, respectively. These dependent end portions or aprons act as cold conductors and also act as closures for the openings 46 and 4'7 in the

end walls

41 and 42. The'dependent end portionser aprons extend to a distance short of the ends of the three parallel supporting and cold conducting plates 60. It will be understood that any desirable number of coldconducting plates 110.

60 may be used. These supporting plates 60 are in parallel relation and are afilxed to the bottom faces of the bottom wall 58. The parallel plates 60 are provided with flanged ends enabling them to be readily secured to the bottomllfi face of the wall 58. When the solid carbon dioxidecarrier 43 is in its lowermost position, the lower ends of the plates orsupports 60 rest on the top of the wall 24.

Four springs 61 have their lower ends secured to the bottom portions of the refrigerant car-, rier. 43 and have their upper ends secured to and suspended from hooks or other supports 62, which are-fastened in the

walls

25 and 26, respectively or other suitable location in the upper portion of the cooling chamber. These four springs 61 are coil springs and are of the desired strength so that they may serve to operate and control the gradual 'movement of the refrigerator container upwardly in the compartment 29 during the evaporation of the solid carbon .dioxide and thus automatically control the temperature in" the cooling chamber 29. It will be understood that other means than the coil springs may be used for the operation of the moving refrigerant carrier. The refrigerant container 43 is caused to descend into the compartment 29 against the action of the coil springs 61 when the solid carbon dioxide is initially placed in the carrier 43.

The large

metallic plates

52 and 53 which extend from the circular walls, 11 in the ice cream. container compartments on each side of the compartment' 29 areformed with flanged edges'so that they form

air pockets

63 and 64 extending across the front and back portions of the refrigerator from one freezing compartment tothe other in order to hold and trap the carbon dioxide gas and avoid circulation of the gas around the containers. 130' The operation of the structure of the invention is as follows:

When the solid carbon dioxide of the proper initial weight is placed in the refrigerant container or carrier 43, the solid carbon dioxide causes the carrier 43 to descend in the chamber 29, to its lowermost level as shown in Figures 2 and 4, and the downward progress of the car'- rier is stopped when the lower edges of the three supporting plates 60 rest on the cooling chamber bottom wall 24. At this time the depending walls or

aprons

58 and 59 close the

openings

46 and 47 in the

end walls

41 and 42. At all times during its movement upwardly and downwardly in the co1'r1partmecnt.29, the metallic refrigerant carrier 43 is in direct contact .with the metallic cold conductor. depending faces 51 of the metallic

cold conductors

27 and 28. As the solid carbon dioxide evaporates the refrigerant carrier 43 gradually rises and gradually passes the openings 46 and 4'7 in the walls 41'and 42, respectively, permitting the vapor from the solid carbon dioxide to pass through the perforations 58a into the space below the refrigerant carrier 43, and to pass through the openings 46 and 4'7, into the

pockets

63 and 64, and the space between the

plates

52 and 53 and the outer surfaces of the inner portions of the ice cream can container walls 11 on each side of the cooling chamber 29, thereby also cooling the metallic conductors 2'7 and 28. The carbon dioxide gas assists the diminishing block of solid carbon dioxide ice in supplying direct cold gas refrigeration.

It will therefore be seen that there is an automatic operation of the cooling system of the refrigerator by the gradual raising of the solid carbon dioxide in its carrier by its evaporation and this evaporation causes the passing off of the carbon dioxide gas through the openings of the cooling chamber to contact with the metallic conductors and the outside portions of the ice cream containers. The refrigerant carrier is gradually raised in the cooling chamber not only by means of the lessening of the solid carbon dioxide but by the action of the four springs.

As the refrigerant carrier is raised with the constantly diminishing solid carbon dioxide, the' .constantly in contact with the carbon dioxidev gas emanating from the evaporating solid carbon dioxide during the entire raising of the refrigerant cage or carrier, thus conducting cold to the ice cream or other food in the containers.

It will also be seen that the construction of the refrigerator with'the various openings and passages which have been described, in which the carbon dioxide gas flows, equalizes the temperature in the refrigerator by means of insulating the bottom portion of the refrigerator so that the carbon dioxide gas cannot reach that portion. To assist in this operation the vertical extensions 51 of the metallic cold conductors are stopped short of the bottom at about the same height as the insulated part in the lower portion of the re-- frigerator and a little lower than the bottom of the openings 46 and 4'7, for the passage of the carbon dioxide gas, as indicated at 65 and 66, in Figure 4.

What I claim and desire to secure by letters patent of the United States is:

1. In a refrigerator the combination of a cooling compartment and a movable refrigerant carrier, the refrigerant carrier beingsuspended'in said compartment, an opening in a wall of the compartment, said opening being controlled by the movement .of said carrier.

2. In a refrigerator the combination of a cooling compartment and a movable refrigerant carrier, the refrigerant carrier being suspended in said compartment, the suspension being effected by resilient means connected with said refrigerant container, an opening in a wall of the compartment, said opening being controlled by the movement of said carrier.

3. In a refrigerator the combination of a cooling compartment and a movable refrigerant carrier, the refrigerant carrier being suspended in said compartment, the suspension being effected by springs connected with said refrigerant container, an opening in a wall of the compartment, said opening being controlled by the movement of said carrier.

4. In a refrigerator the combination of a compartment, said compartment being adapted to receive food products to be cooled and a cooling compartment, a refrigerant carrier in said cooling compartment, said refrigerant carrier being supported in said cooling compartment by springs secured to said carrier whereby saidcarrier is adapted to move upwardly or downwardly with or against the action of said springs as the refrigerant in said carrier becomes less, said carrier being independent of the walls of said cooling compartment yet constantly contacting therewith.

5. In a refrigerator, the combination of a compartment adapted to contain food products and a cooling compartment, a movable refrigerant carrier in said cooling compartment, "one wall of said cooling compartment having an opening therein, a cold conductor member in said opening and saidrefrigerant container contacting with said conductor member in its movement within said cooling chamber.

6. In a refrigerator the combination of compartments adapted to contain 'food products and a cooling compartment, a movable refrigerant carrier in said cooling compartment, two walls of said cooling compartment each having an opening therein, and a cold conductor member in each of said openings, said refrigerant container contacting with said conduction members in its movement within said cooling chamber.

7. In a refrigerator the combination of a compartment adapted to contain food products and a cooling compartment, a movable refrigerant carrier in said cooling compartment, one wall of said cooling compartment having an opening therein, a cold conductor member in said opening and said refrigerant container contacting with said conductor member in its movement. within said cooling chamber, the refrigerant carrier being suspended in said compartment, the suspena cooling compartment, a movable refrigerant red carrier in said cooling compartment, the walls of said cooling compartment each having an open-.

tainer contacting with said conduction members in its movement within said cooling chamber, the

' refrigerant carrier being suspended in said comadapted to receive conduction members, said carrier being in. constant contact, with said conduction members, and said carrier being supported by springs .whereby said carrier may gradually move upwardly as the solid carbon dioxide evaporates, the vapor from said solid carbon dioxide passing from said carrier into said cooling compartment and through said openings other than the openings adapted to receive the conduction members to cool the food product contained in said first mentioned compartment.

10. In a refrigerator the combination of a com- I partment adapted to contain food products and a cooling chamber, said cooling chamber being formed with walls, each of said walls being provided with an opening, two of said openings being adapted to receive metallic cold conduction members and the remaining two walls each having openings, a carrier for carrying solid carbon dioxide, said carrier being movable within said walls, conduction members in the openings adapted to receive conduction members, said carrier being in constant contact with said conduction members, and said carrier being supported by springs whereby said carrier may gradually move upwardly as the solid carbon dioxide evaporates, the vapor from said solid carbon dioxide passing from said carrier into said cooling compartment and through said openings other than the openings adapted to receive the conduction members to cool the food product contained in said first mentioned compartment, walls of said refrigerant carrier being extended to form aprons or closures for said vapor openings.

11. In a refrigerator the combination. of a compartment adapted to contain food products and a-cooling chamber, said cooling chamber being formed with walls, each of said walls being provided with an opening, two of said openings being adapted to receive metallic cold conduction members and the remaining two walls each having openings, a carrier for carrying solid carbon dioxide, said carrier being movable within said walls, conduction members in the openings adapted to receive conduction members, said carrier being in constant contact with said conduction members, and said carrier being supported by springs whereby said carrier may gradually move upwardly as the solid carbon dioxide evaporates, the 'vapor from said solid carbon dioxide passing from said carrier into said cooling compartment and through said openings other than the openings adapted to receive the conduction members to cool the food product contained in the first mentioned compartment, walls of said refrigerant carrier beingextended to form aprons or closures for said vapor openings, and the refrigerant carrier also being provided with longitudinally spaced plates, the lower ends of which extend beyond said closures whereby the downcompartments.

.ward travel of said refrigerant container is limited.

12. Ina refrigerator the combination of compartments adapted to contain food products and a cooling compartment, a movable refrigerant.

carrier in said.coolingcompartment, two walls of said cooling compartment each having an opening therein, and a metallic cold conductor member in each of said openings, said refrigerant carrier contacting with said conductor members in its movement within said cooling chamber,

metallic plates connecting the walls of said food products compartments, said cold conductor members having arms to partially surround the walls of said food products compartments.

13. In a refrigerator the combination of compartments adapted to contain food products and a cooling compartment, a movable refrigerant carrier in said cooling compartment, two'walls of. said cooling compartment each having an opening thereinand a metallic cold conductor member in each of said openings, each of said cold conductor members having arms which partially embrace the walls of said food products 14. In a refrigerator the combination of a.

compartment adapted'to contain food products and a cooling chamber, said cooling chamber being provided with openings, said cooling chamber also being provided with a" movable refrigerant container, the movement of said refrigalso being provided with a movable refrigerant carrier, apertures in the bottom wall of the movable refrigerant carrier, the movement of said refrigerant carrier controlling the cooling chamber openings and also assisting in controlling the action of the refrigerant.

16. In a refrigerator theeombination of a compartment adapted to contain food products and a cooling chamber, said cooling chamber being provided with openings, said cooling chamber also being provided with a movable refrigerant container, the. movement of said refrigerant container controlling the openings and also assisting in controllingthe action of the refrigerant, said refrigerant container being moved in said cooling compartment by evaporation-of the refrigerant and the action of springs.

17. In a refrigerator the combination of a compartment adapted to contain food products and a. cooling chamber, said cooling chamber being provided with openings, said cooling chamber also being provided with a movable refrigerant container, said refrigerant container also having downwardly extending aprons at its ends and a plurality 'of longitudinal plates between said aprons, springs attached to the movable refrigerant container, the movement of said refrigerant container and its aprons controlling the openings and also assisting in controlling the action of the refrigerant, said plates between said'aprons acting as stops tothe'travel of said refrigerant container and also as refrigerant conductors, said refrigerant container being moved in said cooling compartment by evaporation of the refrigerant and the action of said springs.