US1947620A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 20, 1934. c. SCHLUNS CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 11, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet l C. SCHLUNS CALCULATING MACHINE Feb. 20, 1934.

Filed Jan. 11 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Feb. 20, 1934 CALCULATING MACHINE Carl Schliins, Berlin-Steglitz, Germany, assignor,

by mesne assignments, to Mercedes Biiro- Maschinen Wei-kc Aktiengesellschaft', Zella- Mehlis, Thuringia, Germany, a joint-stock company of Germany Application January 11, 1927, Serial No. 160,456, and in Germany January 13, 1926 8 Claims.

This invention has reference to a calculating machine in which the computation is effected without lateral displacement of the result mechanism, the relative shifting of the orders for multiplication and division being accomplished by displacement of the transmission mechanism by which the numeral wheels of the result mechanism are moved.

It has already been frequently suggested to manufacture calculating machines in which, for the purpose of relatively shifting the orders the driving means for the numeral wheels are displaced instead of the numeral wheels themselves, but all such devices have not been found serviceable for practical use on account of various inconveniences and difliculties of manipulation. Thus, according to one suggestion, instead of displacing the counting wheels the entire setting mechanism was displaced together with the keys, by which means, however, the operation of calculation and the setting of the keys was rendered very diflicult in this machine, inasmuch as the operator was always compelled to look for the keys at different places. On the other hand, it was impossible in view of the particular construction of the driving means for the numeral wheels and of the transmission members to make provision for a somewhat large number of driving means for the counting wheels, so that it was only possible with such devices to make calculations with numbers of not more than three digits.

These inconveniences are disposed of by the particular construction of the device according to this invention, and in view thereof and for the purpose of accomplishing other objects and advantages the transmission of the movement from the primary driving members to the numeral wheel operating members is effected by pinion rods. The numeral wheel operating members in a preferred construction are continuously in connection with the primary driving members.

While pinion rods are known by themselves and have been suggested heretofore in connec-. tion with calculating machines, it is broadly new and has not been suggested heretofore to employ such rollers as intermediate members between the primary driving means and the numeral wheel operating members. In accordance with a preferred construction of the invention the numeral wheel operating members are each arranged for. longitudinal displacement for the purpose ofoperating the numeral wheels, and they are also disposed so as to be displaceable as a unit in a transverse direction for the pur- The latter receive their driving motion members are adapted to be displaced in accordance with numeric quantities.

In accordance with another form of construction of the invention the pinion rods may be provided with circumferential grooves at those points at which they are intersected by the driving rack bars with which they do not cooperate, so that each particular pinion rod will only receive the motion of one rack bar, but is adapted to transmit this motion into every order of the result mechanism through the corresponding numeral wheel operating member. By means of this, construction the arrangement of intermediate wheels for the transmission of the movement from the primary driving members to the pinion rods is avoided, and the cost of manufacture of the entire device is accordingly considerably reduced.

The invention will be more fully described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, showing by way of exemplification a form of embodiment of the principles of the invention.

In the drawings:Fig.-1 is an isometric view of theembodiment of the machine in which for the sake of clearness of illustration the cover has been removed and some of the parts are shown broken away. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the left end of the transmission mechanism, showing a somewhat modified form of construction by means of which, by a particularly advantageous construction of the pinion rods the height of the machine is reduced. Fig. 3 is a front view of the number wheel of the rotatable counting mechanism and the corresponding actuating means. Fig. 4 is an elevation of Fig. 3, seen in the direction of the arrowa. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the entire machine according to this invention. Fig. 6 shows a lateral view of the gearing required for driving the tens-transfer mechanism. Fig. 7 shows a section taken on a line between two adioining numeral: wheels of the two displaceably mounted in the slots 3 of the machine frame 4, so as to be axially displaceable. On the machine frame tensional springs 5 are arranged one for each bar 2, which are connected at their other ends to the several bars 2 by suitable spring hooks 6, so that the bars 2 are continuously spring-influenced in the direction of the arrow 7. On the bars 2 downwardly projecting studs 8 are provided, and the studs 8 of the bars 2 furthest to the left and furthest to the right are each provided with a forwardly projecting lug 9. These downwardly projecting studs 8 of the bars or rails 2 are adapted to cooperate with the bar 10 transversely disposed with relation to the bars 2 and below the same and supported by the lugs 9. By means of suitable studs 11 this bar 10 is pivotally connected to two links or pitman rods 12 one of which is disposed at the left-hand side and the other one at the right-hand side of the machine. These link-rods 12 are moreover operatively connected to the crank-shaped driving shaft 13 adapted to be operated by the crank handle 14. Crank arms 15 and 16 are disposed on opposite sides of the machine to actuate the two link rods 12. (Fig. 5.) Upon operating the crank 14 in clockwise direction the links 12 with the bar 10 connecting them and arranged below the bars 2 and cooperating with the studs 8 are caused to be moved forwardly in the direction of the arrow 7. Now, if there were no obstacle in the way of the bars 2, they would participate in the forward movement under the pull of the springs 5 acting on them. Means are, however, provided to cause the bar 2 corresponding to any set of keys of.

which no key has been depressed to remain in its position of rest, while only those stepped bars 2 corresponding to sets of keys in which keys have been depressed are permitted to be moved forward. As appears from Figure 1 a group or set of keys comprises a grouping frame 17 provided at its upper portion with slots 18 and in its bottom parts-with slots 19. The grouping frame 17 is moreover provided at its front and rear ends with ears or lugs 20 carrying the shaft 21. In the slots 18 of the frame the shafts 22 of the keys are displaceably arranged. To the lower part of each shaft 22 is pivotally connected a lever 23, which, on the one hand, is rockably disposed on the shaft 21 and on the other hand, is laterally guided in the slots 19 of the grouping frame 17. A tensional spring 25 operating on the lever 23 and at its other end operatively connected by means of the hook 24 to the frame 17 is adapted to retain the key ordinarily in its upper inoperative position. Upon the shaft 22 of each key a locking tooth or shoulder 26 is provided adapted for cooperation with the ratchet block or pawl 27, which latter is rockably mounted on the stud or shaft 28 disposed in the machine frame and under the action of the spring 29. The block or pawl 27 will be in the vertical position, when all of the keys of the particular group or set of keys are'in their position of rest, that is to say, in their upper position. With this position of the block 27 the stud 30 provided thereon will protrude into the path of movement of the particular stepped bar 2, so that upon now operating the crank handle 14 and thereby advancing the bar 10 by the link rods 12 the particular stepped bar 2 is prevented from participating in the forward movement. If, however, one of the keys isdepressed, for instance the key 1 indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the locking block 27 in view of .the action of the inclined surface 31 of the lug 26;is turned contrary to the action of the spring 29, until the key has been sufficiently depressed to enable the locking block 27 to become engaged over the shoulder 26 and to rest against the lug or shoulder 32 thereof. This shoulder 32 is so arranged and constructed that the block 27 under the action of the spring 29 is prevented from being turned through the same distance as in the case of the position of rest of the keys. By means of this arrangement the effect is produced that the key is retained in its depressed position, and the locking block or pawl 27 remains in its turned position, so as to cause the locking stud 30 provided thereon to be moved out of the path of movement of the particular stepped bar 2. In consequence thereof this bar 2 will be enabled to be moved forward upon the operation of the driving handle 14. On the depression of the key the lever 23 which is pivoted to the key shaft 22 will be turned on its relatively stationary fulcrum, i. e. on the shaft 21, so as to cause its lug 23a to be moved into the path of movement of the stepped bar 2d, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The downward movement of the key is limited by the abutment of the lug 23b of lever 23 against the side of the stepped bar 2d, while the position of rest of the keys is determined by the abutment of the lever 23 against the end of its guide slot 19. Each of the keys of a group or set of keys is so arranged and constructed as to be adapted to cooperate with one step of the particular stepped bar corresponding to such set of keys, and by this means the result is accomplished that upon the depression of the key 1 the stepped bar is only free to be moved forward for the value of one unit, whereupon the bar will strike against the lever 23 of the particular key and thereby be prevented from continuing its forward movement. If on the other hand the key 9 is depressed in a group of keys, all the other keys of the particular set or group remain inactive relatively to the stepped bar and the stepped bar is moved forward for the value of nine units, until it is arrested by the lever 23 of the key 9 projected into its path of movement. Furthermore, a projection 27a is provided on each locking block 27, said projection 27a protruding upwardly thru corresponding slots 33 (Fig. 5) of the cover 34. If it is desired to cancel the depressed key of a particular group, the projection 27a and consequently the locking block 27 is turned by hand towards the right and in consequence thereof the lug 26 of the key shaft 22 is released, so that the key is now adapted to return to its position of rest. Upon the cover 34 and by means of the set screws 35 the cancelling rail 37 provided with longitudinal slots 36 is displaceably arranged which, by means of the spring 38 operating thereon, is under a pulling action in the direction of the arrow 39. The cancelling rail 3'7 with its ear 37a protrudes upwards through the slot 40. The rail 37 is more over provided with lugs 37b adapted to cooperate with the projections 27a of the locking blocks 27. If it is desired to cancel all the depressed keys of the keyboard, the cancelling rail 37 is displaced contrary to the action of the spring 38 by means of the ear 37a, and in this movement all the lugs 37b become engaged with the projections 27a of the locking, blocks 27, causing them to be turned and the keys of all the rows of keys to be moved upwards into their inoperative position. Upon now again releasing the rail 37 or its ear 37a the rail 37 is returned to its position of rest.

The stepped bars 2 are constructed as rack bars at their portions in the interior of the maanism reference is made to the said Patent rack bar-like portion of the stepped bars 2 a-plu-; rality of shafts 41 corresponding to the number ofstepped bars is arranged which are rotatably.

mounted in the holes 42 of the machine frame. Each of the stepped bars 2 meshes with a wheel 43 secured to a shaft 41. Each of the wheels 43 transmits the movement imparted thereto by its corresponding stepped bar 2 to a pinion rod 44 which is mounted in the holes 46 of' the frame 4 by means of the studs 45. Each of the pinion rods 44 is engaged by a gear wheel 47 rigidly secured to shafts 50 rotatably mounted in the holes 48 of the frame 49. Each of the gear wheels 47 is in engagement with one of the rack bars 52 displaceably mounted in the slots 51 of the frame 49.

With a view of enlarging the bearing. surfaces of the rack bars 52 an angular rail or support 53 isv provided on the frame 49 which at the same time serves for the control of the frame 49. This rail or supporting member 53 has slots 54 the relative distances of which correspond to the moving steps of the frame 49. These slots 54 are adapted to cooperate with a known feeding or moving means which may be constructed as follows. Upon the shaft 55 which is disposed on the machine frame and at the side of the keyboard the lever 56 is secured which is provided with two pins 57 and 58 adapted to engage with two of the slots 54 of the rail 53. Upon the front end of the shaft 55 .a crank handle 59 is arranged. Upon rotating the handle 59 in the direction of the arrow 60 through 180 degrees the frame 49, as appears from the drawings, is moved forward through the value of one order in the direction of the arrow 61. This feeding movement may be continued at discretion, until the frame 49 has reached its extreme left-hand position, whereupon the frame may be moved back again towards the right bymeans of this feeding device by the rotation of the handle 59 opposite to the direction of the arrow 60.

The rack bars 52 transmit their movement by means of the intermediate wheels 63 rotatably mounted on the shaft 62, to the driving wheels which are connected to the numeral wheels 64 by means of a differential drive for carrying tens.

This tens transfer mechanism has been described in detail in United States Patent 1,391,319, but has been omitted from the drawings for the sake of clearness and because it does not form a part of the present invention. The toothed wheels 65 correspond to the toothed wheels 40 of the United States Patent .#1,39l,319, while in place of the racks, therein marked by number 43, wheels 63 are substituted. The shaft 73 corresponds to the shaft marked 1 in the said patent. In order to be able to drive shaft 73 according to the said patent. the toothed wheel 73a Fig. 6) is fastened upon it, which wheel 73a is driven by the intermediate wheel a revolubly mounted at 70, Wheel 70a is geared by two pinions 70b and 700 to the toothed wheel 70d, which is rigidly fixed on the driving shaft 13. r

Now if the. hand crank 14 is turned clockwise, the wheel 70d is also turned in the same direction, and consequently also the wheels 70c, 70b, 70a and 73a rotate in the directions marked by the arrows shown in Fig. 6, whereby the shaft 73 is driven in the direction marked in Fig. 1 of the saidpatent. But if the hand crank 14 is turned counter-clockwise for subtracting, then, of course, the wheels 70d, 70c, 70b. 70aand 73a will turn in a direction opposite to that of the arrows, whereby the shaft 73 is driven in the direction indicated therein by--in. said patent. With regard to the details of the tens-transfer mech- For each order of the machine there is a ,stepped bar 2 with a gear wheel 43, a pinion rod 44, a gear wheel 47, a rack bar 52, an intermediate wheel 63 and a numeral wheel 64. The frame 49 is vdisplaceable with respect to the machine frame and is guided by steel balls 67 running in grooves 66 and 68 in the frame 49 and the machine frame respectively. By the displacement of the frame 49 the shafts 50 with the wheels 47 which remain continuously in engagement with the rack bars 52 are caused to participate in the movement of the frame 49, so that the wheels will slide along in the pinion rods 44. By this means a permanent positive connection between the stepped bars 2 and the rack bar 52 is insured in spite of the displacement of the frame 49. At both sides of the machine frame 4 levers 69 are provided of which only the lever. corresponding to the right-hand side of the machine frame has been shown in the drawings. The levers 69 are rockably linked at 70 to the arms 71 of the machine frame so as to be rotatable in clockwise direction. The supporting shaft 62 of the intermediate wheels 63 is mounted at 72 and the supporting shaft 73 of the numeral wheels 64 is mounted at 74 in the levers 69. The arrangement of the shafts 62 and 73 on the rockable levers 69 is for the purpose of being able to disengage the intermediate wheels 63 from the rack bars 52 by the turning of the levers 69 on the fulcrum 70, this being necessary, when the rack bars 52 after the transmission-of a value to the resultmechanism are starting on their return movement.

In order to prevent accidental alteration of the number wheels of the computing mechanism 64, when the latter is disconnected, arresting devices are provided as shown by Fig. 7.

Betweenthe levers 69 arranged at the sides of the frame 4 of the machine a bar 69b is fastened, upon which are fixed a number of leaf springs 690 corresponding to the number wheels of the computing mechanism. The free ends 6911 of these springs are curved and by means of these round ends they are able to penetrate into the interstices between the teeth of the toothed wheels 65 which are connected to the number wheels of the computing mechanism, whereby the number wheels are held in their set position.

The rocking of the lever 69 is accomplished by means of a cam disc 75 on the driving shaft 13 provided on each side of the machine. operating the driving crank 14 in clockwise direction the cam disc 75 during the first half of the rotation of the crank remains inactive on the lug or ear of the lever 69 in contact therewith, while in the second half of the crank movement the elevated portion of the cam causes the rocking of the lever 69 on its pivoting point 70, and in consequence thereof the intermediate wheels 63 and the counting mechanism 64 will become disengaged from the rack bars 52, so that now all of the members producing a setting or adjusting action will return to their normal position without operating the counting mechanism.

If however the crank handle 14 is operated anti-clockwise, the result mechanism is raised, out of engagement with the rack bars 52 by thev cam 75 during the first half revolution of the crank while the stepped bars 2 ofthe orders in which keyshave been depressed are being moved outwardly into engagement with the depressed keys. During the last half revolution of the Upon crank the ear of lever 69 rides onto the lower portion of cam permitting the result mechanism to drop into engagement with the rack bars 52 by which it is actuated during the return movement of the latter in accordance with the values set on the keyboard. The particular procedure in connection with this operation will be more fully described with reference to the examples of calculation hereinafter set forth.

To the rear of the result mechanism which is generally indicated by the letter R. the socalled rotary counting mechanism U is disposed, adapted to indicate the number of the operations of the crank which have been effected. The rotary counting mechanism U is mounted upon the shaft 76 journalled in the arms 71. This mechanism comprises a plurality of numeral wheels '78. The tens transmission for the revolving computing mechanism U takes place in the same manner already described more in detail above in connection with the tctalizer mechanism R, for which reason it is not again described here. It will be noted, that upon the revolvably arranged shaft 76 there is also fixed a toothed wheel 7611, which is geared to the toothed wheel 70a and hence receives its drive from the same. The actuation of the rotary counting mechanism may be effected in the following manner.

At the right-hand side wall 49a of the frame 49 the device shown in Figures 3 and 4 is mounted. This device consists of a lever '79 which is rigidly connected to a sleeve 80 (Fig. 3) rotatably mounted in the side wall 49a. To the lever 79 two pawls 81 and 82 are pivotally secured by means of the pins 83 and 84, these pawls being drawn against the stops 8'! and 88 of the lever 79 by the springs 85 and 86. These springs 85 and 86 are suspended from the studs 89 and 90 of the pawls 81 and 82 and are connected to the studs 91 and 92 of the lever 79. 'I'he.sleeve or collar 80 is provided with a four-cornered hole in which the square shaft 94 to which a crank shaped arm 93 is attached, is displaceably arranged. The square shaft 94 is retained in a certain definite position with relation to the stationary machine frame, while the collar 80 is displaced with the entire mechanism connected thereto together with the frame 49. The arm 93 extends into a notch 93a in a disc 95 mounted upon the driving shaft 13. Upon the operation of the machine, that is to say by the actuation of the crank the disc 95 becomes operatively engaged with the crank pin 93, rocking the same in the anti-clockwise direction in the adding position of the machine, while it is rocked in the clockwise direction when the machine is set for subtraction, whereupon the crank is again restored to its normal position shown in Figures 1 and 4 by a spring, not shown in the drawings. The notch 93a is made large enough so that after a complete revolution of the crank 14 the arm 93 can return to its position of rest under the action of the above mentioned spring not shown in the drawings. It appears from Fig. 4 that upon the rocking of the crank 93 in the anti-clockwise direction the pawl 82 becomes operatively engaged with the gear wheel 77, rotating the same together with the numeral wheel 78 for one unit. As shown by Fig. 1, the toothed wheel '77, which corresponds to the gear 40 in the aforesaid Patent No. 1,391,319, must in this case be made large enough so that the pawls 81 and 82 will be able to engage it. The spacing of the teeth should be wide enough so that there are Just 10 teeth on the wheel. When the crank 93 is turned in the clockwise direction, the pawl 81 will cause opposite movement of the wheels 77 and 78. After the pawl 81 or 82 has turned the gear wheel '77 for one unit, it will ratchet over the next tooth of wheel 77 which has assumed the lowermost position and will not shift the wheels 77 and 78. In view of the fact that upon the displacement of the frame 49 the rotary counting mechanism will retain its position relatively to the stationary machine frame while the lever 79 moves with the frame 49 the particular order of the rotary counting mechanism which happens to be in operative position with respect to lever 79 will be actuated.

For the sake of clearness of illustration the mode of operation of the calculating machine will be hereinafter described with reference to some examples:

Addition Supposing that the frame, as appears from Fig. l of the drawings, is in its extreme right hand position, the figure 312 is set by means of the key board. After this has been effected, the crank 14 is operated and thereupon the step bars 2 are moved in the direction of the arrow 7, until their further movement is arrested by the depressed keys.

The stepped bar 2a corresponding to the units position is moved for the value of two units and the tens stepped bar 2b for one unit and the hundreds stepped bar 20 is moved for the value of three units. These stepped bars will thereby cause a rotation of the gear wheels 43 which are engaged with the rack bars constituting a continuation of the stepped bars. The gear wheels mounted on the shafts 41 are staggered at intervals corresponding to the numeral wheels. The rotation of the gear wheels 43 produced by the displacement of the stepped bars in the direction of the arrow '7 turns the pinion rod 44 corresponding to the stepped bar 2a for the value of two units, and the pinion rod corresponding to the stepped bar 2b for the'value of one unit and the pinion" rod corresponding to the stepped bar 20 for the value of three units in anti-clockwise direction. These pinion rods 44 cause the rotation of the corresponding gear wheels 47 in clockwise direction for the value of two, one, and three units, respectively, by means of which the rack-bars 52 will be displaced in the direction of the arrow 1: for corresponding values. By the displacement of the respective rack-bars for the values of two, one and three units the intermediate wheels 63 are rotated anti-clockwise through the corresponding values and will then produce a rotation of the gear wheels 65 and of the humeral wheels 64. The quantity corresponding to the depressed keys is thereby made to appear in the result working mechanism R. Thereupon the curve or cam face '75 operatively connected to the driving crank 14 comes into operative engagement with the downwardly directed leg of the lever 69 carrying the result mechanism,

thereby causing the lever with the result mecharetained by the cam face '75 in position it assumes as a result of the rocking movement, until the driving crank has been returnedto its initial position and all the parts are at rest. Thus, the machine has been restored to its starting position, while the result mechanism now indicates the number 312. In the operation of the crank necessary for this calculation the .crank 93 is also rocked by the disc 95 in anti-clockwise direction, no that the lever '19 (Figures 1 and 4) becomes adapted by the operation of the pawl 82 connected thereto to become operatively engaged with the tooth of the toothed wheel 77 connected to the counting wheel and turns the same in the clockwise direction through one unit. The rotary counting mechanism will thus present the figure 1" in its unit position. The wheels of the rotary counting-mechanism will then be arrested in their respective positions by the following means: A rail 71a (Fig. 7) is fixedly arranged between the arms '71, on which rail are mounted leave springs 71b. These springs are able, by means of their free ends 71c, to penetrate into the interstices between the teeth of the toothed wheels 7'7, whereby the latter, as well as the number wheels '78, are secured in their respective positions. On the return movement in the anti-clockwise direction the pawl of the lever is pushed back so as not to act upon the counting wheel.

After this procedure the figure 93 is set by means of. the keys, after cancellation has been effected by the stud or handle 37a, the adjustment being such that in the units position the figure/3 and in the tens position the figure 9 are depressed. By a further operation of the crank the rack bars are moved for the value of three and nine units respectively in the dire tion of the arrow v, and in pursuance thereof a rotation of the result mechanism is produced in the same manner as hereinbefore described. Inasmuch as the result mechanism is provided with tens transmission the figure 405 will appear therein, while in the unit position of the rotary counting mechanism the figure 2 is shown.

'- Hence two crank operations have thus far been performed.

Multiplication The operation of multiplication is efiected in the machine according to this invention by a cumulative addition. There is 'no necessity of repeatedly depressing the keys, because the depressed keys after the first actuation of the crank are not raised, but remain in the depressed position. In order to multiply any desired quantity with for instance, the frame 49 remains in the position corresponding to figure 1. After the setting of the corresponding value by means of the keyboard five operations of the crank are performed causing the particular value obtained to appear in the result mechanism R. The rotary counting mechanism U indicates the multiplier 5 upon the termination of'the calculating operation. Upon the multiplication of a quantity, for instance 87, with a'multiplier '24 with more than one digit the frame 49 is displaced towards the left through one order less than the number of digits of the multiplier. In this case therefore itis only necessary to displace the frame for one order. After the quantity 87 has been set by means of the keys, the

crank is operated twice, causing the figure 1" in the tens order. In the resultlmechanism the quantity 1740 will therefore be shown. This corresponds to the multiplication of the figure 87 by 2 times 10:20. The unitswheels of the result mechanism and of the rotary countingmechanism will therefore remain at rest, inasmuch as by the displacement of a frame, 49 for the value of one order the first rack bar will only actuate the tens wheel of the result mechanism and the driving mechanism of the rotary counting mechanism will only act upon the tens wheel of the rotary counting mechanism. The figures of the tens wheel of the rotary counting mechanism are therefore fed forward for, the value of two units upon performing two operations of the crank, and therefore the figure 20 will appear in the said counting mechanism. After this pro cedure the frame is displaced one order towards the right into the position shown in figure 1, and now four operations of the crank are performed, thus causing the figure 87 to be multiplied by 4. By this means the quantity 348 is added to the quantity 1740 indicated in the result mechanism, and in the result mechanism the quantity 2088 will therefore appear. In the units order of the rotary counting mechanism the figure 4 is shown corresponding to the four operations of the crank, so that now the multiplier 24 will be indicated in the rotary counting mechanism.

' Subtraction In carrying out subtracting operations the machine is operated in exactly the same manner and'the adjustment of the particular quantity is effected in the same manner as in the case of addition, with the difference only that in this case, as already pointed out above, the crank is turned in the negative direction, that is to say anti-clockwise. The result-mechanism upon the return of the rack bars 52 will therefore be operated in the neg ative'sense in the direction of the arrow 1'.

Division The dividend 1250496 is set on the keyboard and is transferred to the result mechanism by one operation of the crank and in such a manner that the first digit from the left will appear in the first position from the left of the result mechanism. Thus, for all practical purposes, the dividend will be set on the keyboard beginning from the left, and the frame will be so arranged that the first order from the left thereof and the first order from the left of the result mechanism will be opposite each other. In the rotary counting mechanism the figure 1 has appeared by actuating the crank once; this figure is cancelled by the well-known canceling means not shown in the drawings. Thereupon the divisor 5344 is set able to the operator by the fact that at the left of the dividend 1250496 placed in the totalizing mechanism B, there appears nothing but nines. Thus e. g. in a totalizing mechanism R of twelve digits the number 999995906496 will appear in the same. This performed subtraction, however, must now be corrected by an addition of the divisor, whereupon the frame 49 is shifted to the right one order, and now 5344 is twice subtracted from 12504, whereupon in the result mechanism the number 181696 is shown.

Now if 5344 is subtracted again, the capacity of the machine is again exceeded which becomes noticeable to the operator by a row of nines, hence now the number 999999647296 will be found in the totalizer mechanism R. Accordingly the divisor must be added again once for the purpose of correction, so that now 181696 is again to be found in the totalizing mechanism R. Thereupon the frame 49 is again displaced one order to the right. Now 5344 may be subtracted three times from the number 181696 shown in the result mechanism. At the fourth revolution the capacity transgression is again indicated by a number of nines, so that there is now to be found in the totalizing mechanism R the number 999999967936, whereupon the divisor is again added once. After the frame 49 has now been shifted one order to the right, the quantity 21376 in the result mechanism will be opposite the divisor 5344.

The divisor may now be subtracted four times from 21376, whereupon only zeroes will be shown in the result mechanism. This indicates that the division has been completed without leaving a remainder. The quotient 234 is indicated by the rotary counting mechanism.

The keyboard and transmission mechanism and the result mechanism, as well as the rotary counting mechanism of the machine may be provided with considerably more orders than have been indicated by way of exempliflcation and for the sake of clearness of illustration in Figure 1 of the drawings.

Fig. 2 shows a somewhat different arrangement of the step bars 2 and the pinion rods 44, whereby the intermediate wheels 43 with their shafts 41 are eliminated. For this purpose the pinion rods 44 are provided with milled slots E, which are so distributed that only a single broadtoothed part, 44m, to 44m, remains engaging its appurtenant rack bar, 20 to 2d. The other toothed parts 44b of each pinion rod 44 are of such width that they have a certain amount of play between the adjacent rack bars 20 to 2d. At the same time the wheels 471 to 474 are made broader than the slots E, whereby, in the displacement of the frame 49, they remain constantly in mesh with pinion rod 44, even upon passing over the slots E. The wheels 471 to 474 have been shown slightly larger in diameter for clearness of illustration, though they actually correspond in diameter with pinion rods 44. When the frame 49 is in its extreme left position, they take the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2. In this case, if on the keyboard the numbers 1 3 6 5 are adjusted, as indicated at the right of Fig. 2, the value 1 will be brought into the result mechanism It through step bar 29, pinion rod section 44:1 and toothed wheel 471; the value 3 through the step bar 2f, pinion rod section 44oz, and toothed wheel 47:, etc. If the frame 49 is displaced one order to the right, after entering numbers 1 3 6 5, the wheels 471 to 47 assume the positions shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, wherefore it will be seen that the transmission of the value into the result mechanism will take place just as described above, only with the difference that it isdisplaced one place toward the right.

The stepped bars may also be operated by means of a proportional lever driving mechanism of the kind described in U. S. Patent 1,011,617.

Having thus described this invention it is to be understood that it is not limited to the precise form, construction, arrangement or combination of parts herein shown and described by way of exempliflcation, but modifications may occur within the scope of the invention, except as otherwise stated in the appended claims.

I claim:---

1. A calculating machine as described in claim 6 in which said shiftable connections comprise pinion rods to which the result mechanism operating members are geared and with respect to which they are longitudinally shiftable.

2. A calculating machine as described in claim 6, in which said result mechanism operating members comprise longitudinally shiftable bars, a frame in which said bars are slidably mounted, said frame being movable transversely to the driving motion of said bars to shift the latter along the result mechanism from order to order.

3. In a calculating machine, a multi-order setting mechanism, a result mechanism having a fixed position, in axial direction, with respect to said setting mechanism, primary driving members controlled by said setting mechanism, a set of pinion rods, one geared to each of said primary driving members, result mechanism operating members, one allotted to each of said pinion rods, a frame in which said result mechanism operating members are mounted, said frame being shiftable to move the result mechanism operating members along the result 115 mechanism from order to order, and intermediate wheels journalled in said frame gearing said result mechanism operating members to their respective pinion rods.

4. In a calculating machine, a multi-order 120 setting mechanism. a result mechanism having a fixed position, in axial direction, with respect to said setting mechanism, primary driving members, comprising longitudinally shiftable rack bars, controlled by said setting oper- 126 ating members for said result one allottedtoeachofsaidrackbammountedto be shifted together from order to order of the result and on means gearing said rack bars to their respective result mech- 180 anism operating members and comprising a set of pinion rods, one for each rack bar, said pinion" rods being directly in mesh with their respective rack bars, and each being slotted to permit free relative movement of all rack bars except the 186 onewithwhichitisinmesh.

5. In a calculating machine, a multi-order setting mechanism, comprising a plurality of longitudinally slidable rack bars, a set of pinion rods, oneforeachofsaidrackbars,arrangedinparallel 140 transverse to said rack bars, each pinion rod being geared to its respective'rack bar, a result mecha nism having a fixed position, in axial direction, with respect to said setting mechanism and arranged parallel to said pinion rods, a set of 14 operating members for said result one allotted to each pinion rod, means gearing said result mechanism operating members to their respective pinion rods, and means for moving said setofresultoperatingmemberstow any desired series of orders of said result mechanism.

6. In a calculating machine, a multi-order setting mechanism; a result mechanism comprising counting members; said setting and result mechanisms being relatively fixed in respect to the relative positions of their orders; independent transmission mechanisms for each order or said setting mechanism, including result mechanism operating members shiftable as a unit to different groups of "adjacent counting members of said result mechanism, and shiftable connections for maintaining said transmission mechanisms in operative relation to said setting mechanism for all positions of said result mechanism operating members; and driving means for actuating said transmission mechanisms differentially in unison under control of said setting mechanism.

7. In a calculating machine, a multi-order setting mechanism; a result mechanism comprising counting members; said setting and result mechanisms being relatively fixed in respect to the relative positions of their orders; independent transmission mechanisms for each order of said setting mechanism, including result mechanism operating members shiftable as a unit to different groups of adjacent counting members of said result mechanism, and shiftable connections tor maintaining said transmission mechanisms in operative relation to said setting mechanism for all positions of said result mechanism operating members; and driving means operating upon said transmission mechanisms in unison for imparting a determined number of actuations to the same, said setting mechanism limiting the extents of movement of the several transmission mechanisms during each actuation.

8. In a calculating machine, driving means; a group of differential members operated thereby; a multiorder setting mechanism controlling the extents to which said differential members are moved by said driving means; a result mechanism comprising counting members having a fixed position in respect to the orders of said setting mechanism; and independent transmission mechanisms for each order of said setting mechanism, including result mechanism operating members shiftable as a unit to different groups of adjacent counting members of said result mechanism, and shiftable connections for maintaining said operating members in constant connection with said differential members in all positions of said operating members.

CARL SCI-IL'UNS.

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