US1944885A - Projectile - Google Patents

Projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
US1944885A
US1944885A US648288A US64828832A US1944885A US 1944885 A US1944885 A US 1944885A US 648288 A US648288 A US 648288A US 64828832 A US64828832 A US 64828832A US 1944885 A US1944885 A US 1944885A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
projectile
flanges
barrel
bullet
spaced
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US648288A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerlich Hermann
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CH168765D priority Critical patent/CH168765A/de
Priority to US500040A priority patent/US1944883A/en
Priority claimed from US500040A external-priority patent/US1944883A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US648288A priority patent/US1944885A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1944885A publication Critical patent/US1944885A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/02—Driving bands; Rotating bands
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/16—Barrels or gun tubes characterised by the shape of the bore

Definitions

  • the primary object of this invention is to provide a projectile of the kind specied which is particularly suitable for use with a projectile propelling apparatus constructed in accordance with my co-pending patent application No.
  • a further object of the invention is generally to improve the construction of flanged projectiles with a view to increasing the ballistical performance and eiects of such projectiles.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a anged projectile "in which provision is made for accurately centering the projectile in the barrel with which it is used, and for properly guiding the projectile through the barrel so that the latter does not become axially tilted or eccentrically disposed in the barrel, i. e. guiding steadily the centre of gravity of the projectile along the imaginary axis of the bore), and in addition to make the flange or anges take the whole of the lateral pressure exerted on the projectile (rotating the projectile) by the lands, where provided, during the passage of the projectile through the barrel.
  • the invention also has the further object of providing projectiles which offer a minimum resistance during their passage through the barrels from which they are red, and the flanges of which ensure efcient sealing of the barrels and thereby automatically ensure againstA erosion of the-latter and the other defects arising from incomplete sealing of the barrels, whilst in addition, the invention aims at providing a projectile construction which ensures that when the projectile is discharged at the muzzle end of a barrel constructed in accordance with my said co-pending patent application, the projectile body is ballistically of a highly eicient shape.
  • Figure 1 is4 a half longitudinal anged projectile constructed in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a ha/.lf longitudinal section of a modified projectile constructed in accordance with this invention',
  • Figure 3 is an external half elevation of a solid bullet
  • Figure 4 is an elevation partly in section of a complete rie cartridge showing the projectile tightly vand axially correctly held in the neck of 00 the cartridge case and inserted at a dened depth, and
  • Figures 5 to 8 illustrate the application of the invention to large ordnance projectiles, the flanges thereof being slotted at an angle to suit the riding of a ried barrel.
  • Figure 1 is shown in section' a part of a bullet suitable for use with a rie having a barrel as described in my said co-pending patent application No. 500,040, and the bullet has a substantially cylindrical body portion 1, a boattailed rear portion 2, and a pointed nose 3.
  • the bullet has a jacket 4 which is provided with a pair of integral annular flanges 5 and 6 formed by spinning the metal of the case outwardly at two spaced positions.
  • the flanges are disposed at substantiallyl equal distances in front of and behind the centre of gravity (indicated at s) of the bullet, or in other words they are substantially symmetrical in relation to the centre of gravity.
  • the centre of gravity of the bullet should move rearwardly slightly as the -bullet passes through the barrel and this is effected by the backward bending of the flanges 5 8 5 and 6. 'Ihis .effect is more noticeable the more the flanges are pressed lbackwardly and thus crease of the progressive axial and rotational 95 velocity of the projectile, shifted towardsthe rear end of the projectile in proportion with the folding down and pressing backwards of the anges during the passage of the projectile through the bore, and this is a very desirable and important 100 feature and which satises effectively the ballistic.
  • the bullet is provided behind, and at the root of, each of the said flanges with a peripheral groove 7, the volume of which is substantially sufcient to receive the adjacent flange when the latter is pressed inwardly and backwardly as the bullet passes through the barrel.
  • the exterior of the bullet may be substantially smooth and have a minimum of irregular deformations, whereby are avoided the hitherto experienced deviations of the bullet from its proper course dur- I ing its trajectory due to undue and irregular deformations.
  • the flanges 5 and 6 of the bullet are high in relation to the diameter of the cylindrical part 1 of the body of the projectile, and serve firstly for reliably and correctly centering the projectile in the rifle barrel prior to the projectile being red or propelled,- and also for guiding it during its entire passage through the barrel after being red.
  • the centre of gravity of the projectile is steadily and continuously guided along the axis of the bore of the barrel and axial tilting and radial displacements of the projectile are preventedA during its whole passage through the barrel thus ensuring a steady and true ight of the projectile through atmosphere to a maximum degree.
  • the flanges 5 and 6 serve effectively to seal the bore against the propellinggases during the whole of the passage of the projectile through the barrel and in this way the erosion and loss of energy hitherto experienced is eliminated or very much reduced.
  • the anges serve, when the projectile is used with a ried barrel, to take up the entire lateral pressure exerted on the bullet by the anks of the lands of the barrel.
  • the inclination of the front surface of the foremost bullet flange 6 correspond substantially in angle (relative to the axis of the bullet) to the angle of the breech ends of the lands against which the foremost flange bears when the projectile is in firing position in the barrel.
  • the angle of the flanges relative to' the longitundinal axis of the projectile varies with circumstances, and for instance depends, among other things, on the pressures which will prevail in the barrel-,the calibre of the bore of the latter, the relative enlargement of the bore, and the thickness of the flanges.
  • the grooves behind the anges will be of a depth and'length suitably corresponding to the particular anges with which they are co-operating.
  • the number of flanges used in each case as well as the thickness of theflanges is regulated according to the material of which the flanges are formed, the number of lands employed in the barrel in which the flanges are to operate, the
  • the flanges 5 and 6 are progressively and concentrically pressed downwardly and nally pressed substantially completely into the grooves '7 therebehind.
  • the term substantially is used above because where the muzzle end of the barrel is rifled, the parts of the flanges between the lands remain very slightly projecting but only to the extent of the usual very shallow depth of the grooving in modern rifled arms which in small bore rifles are but about .l mm'. or about .004" deep; the projecting flange parts are practically flush with the other parts and the body of the projectile.
  • the arrangement of the flanges and grooves described also enables the flanges to be pressed down and into the grooves so that the latter are substantially filled and so that there is no increased or irregular friction set up and the bore of the barrel is not unduly worn and metallic fouling of the bore is either practically eliminated or considerably reduced.
  • the rearmost groove or cannelure 7 is disposed in advance of the place wherethe conical rear part 2 joins the cylindrical middle part 1 of the projectile, so that there is a band or portion of cylindrical periphery between the groove 7 and the boat-tail 2, and this is done because it is very detrimental to the flight and accuracy of the bullet if the boat tail or the rear end of a projectile should be affected by any excrescences or irregularities caused by the deforma'- tion of the bulletlanges on these rear parts of a projectile. With an arrangement such as described this is impossible, since if there should be any spattering of material to the rear of groove 7, it will come on the said intervening cylindrical portion. This is not partlcularly harmful, whereas irregularities on the surface of the stream-lined boat-tail portion of the projec ⁇ tile are quite harmful to theA accuracy of flight of the projectile.
  • the gases issuing from the muzzle of the barrel as soon as the hindmost section of the bearing and guiding parts of the projectile leave the muzzle section issue synchronously and evenly distributedall around the periphery of the projectile, so that there is a minimum of unbalanced--with regard to time and space-muzzle blast thrown upon the projectile at this critical moment and a steady and uniform deliveryof the projectile from ⁇ the muzzle is obtained with a minimum of variations of the angle of departure. ⁇ f
  • Figure 2 is shown a slightly modied form of bullet and in this arrangement the flanges' and 6 are undercut and slope backwardly and overhang the grooves 7.
  • Figure 3 shows a solid bullet of similar external shape to the bullet shown in Figure 2.
  • Figures 5 to 8 show the application of this invention to large ordnance projectiles.
  • the projectile shown in Figure 5 is provided with two spaced peripheral ductile flanges 11 and 12 which are formed separately of, but secured to, the projectile but otherwise have the characteristics of, and Iserve the same purposes as, vthe flanges 5 and 6 previously described.
  • a cannelure or 'peripheral groove 7 is formed behind each of the flanges and the rear groove is spaced from the flat base or rear of the projectile.
  • Figures 6 and 8 show in end elevation one of the flanges of the projectile shown in Figures 5 and 6, and it will be seen that such flanges are provided with radial slots 13 for engagement with the lands of the barrel such slots being slightly wider towards the front of the projectile than at the rear to facilitate the engagement of thel flanges with the rifling of the barrel with. which the projectile is used, a tight t being obtained between the projectile flange and the barrel when the projectile is rammed into the breech chamber of the propelling apparatus.
  • the body is cylindrical and of its maximum diameter from the rear of the front cannelure right up to the root of the rear flange. Also the front surfaces of the flanges enter or meet the outermost surface of the body as distinct from meeting the body at the base of a groove in the body,
  • FIG. 4 shows a complete cartridge for a rifle, the cartridge having a case 8 in the forwardend of which is inserted and fixed a projectile according to any of the constructions shown in Figures 1 to 3, and this projectile has its'rear flange 5 resting on an annular projection 9 provided within the cylindrical neck of the cartridge case by externallygrooving the case as therequired distance from the mouth thereof.
  • a projectile adapted to be flred from a barrel increasing in cross sectional area from the muzzle toward the breech chamber comprising a substantially cylindrical body with a pointed nose and boat tail, said body having a pair of spaced 1 to increase the gas pressure area of such projectile beyond that normal for a projectile having the same body calibre, and the body having a peripheral groove behind and at the root of each flange, and each of such grooves being of substantially the same volume as the adjacent flange, the body having 'a cylindrical part, equal in calibre to the maximum calibre of the body, extending from the front groove right to the rear flange, and the grooves and flanges being spaced from the ends of the projectile whilst the rear flange and groove areadditionally spaced forwardly of the forward end of the boat-tailed portion of the projectile, a cylindrical body portion separating said groove and boat-tailed portion.
  • a projectile adapted to be fired from a barrel increasing in cross sectional area from the muzzle toward the breech chamber comprising a substantially. cylindrical body including a' casing, with pointed nose and boat-tailed portion, said body having a plurality of spaced circumferential deformable flanges on the casing thereof, the front and-rear flanges being disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the centre of gravity of the projectile and comprising the sole' bearing4 surface throughout the major portion of the length of the barrel, such flanges being adapted to increase the gas pressure area of such 1 projectile beyond that normal for a projectile having the same body calibre, and the said body having a peripheral groove behind each of said anges, the forward and rear grooves and flanges being spaced from the ends of the projectile and the rear groove and flange being additionally spaced from the forward end of the boat-tailed portion of the projectile, a cylindrical body portion separating said groove and boat-tailed portion.
  • a projectile adapted to be fired from a barrel increasing in cross sectional area from the muzzle toward the breech chamber, and comprising a body including a lead core, a ductile metal jacket enclosing said core, a pair of outwardly and rearwardly projecting circumferential and depressible guiding flanges on and integral with said jacket and comprising the sole vbearing surface throughout the major portion of the length of the barrel, such flanges being spaced from the ends of the body and from one another, and being disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the centre of gravity of the projectile, the front surfaces of lsaid flanges being inclined to the axis of the said body, and meeting said bodv in its outermost surface.
  • a projectile adapted to be fired from a barrel increasing in cross sectional area from the muzzle toward the breech chamber, and comprising a body having a plurality of spaced circumferential ductile flanges thereon, such flanges being adapted to increase the gas pressure area of such projectile beyond that normal for aprojectile having the same body calibre and comprising the sole bearing surface throughout the major portion of the length of the barrel, and the front and rear flanges being disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the centre of gravity of the projectile, said body having a circumferential groove behind each of said flanges, said grooves and flanges being spaced from the ends of the projectile, and the grooves being disposed closely adjacent to the roots of the flanges, in combination with a cartridge case having a cylindrical neck, having an internal annular projection adapted to engage against the rear surface of said rear ange, and having an inwardly turned forward edge, adapted to clip over the front surface of said forward flange, the said two flanges
  • a projectile adapted to be red from a barrel increasing in cross sectional area from the muzzle toward the breech chamber, and comprising a body having a cylindrical part of maximum diameter terminating at its forward end in a nose, a plurality of axially spaced deformable circumferential ilanges of equal diameter extending outwardly from the outer surface of said cylindrical part of the body, such flanges being adapted to increase the gas pressure area of such projectile beyond that normal for a projectile having the same body calibre and comprising the sole bearing surface throughout the major portion of the length of the barrel, and
  • the front ends of said flanges merging into the projectile body flush with said outer surface and the front surface of the flanges being rearwardly and outwardly inclined from ,the said outer surface and the flanges each terminating at its rear and outer end (which is spaced from said body) in a. short cylindrical bearing surface, a'circumferential cannelure being provided behind each ange and extending below the surface of the projectile body and of a sufficient volume to enable it to'receive the flange in front thereof, and the flanges nearer the front and rear ends of the body respectively being disposed at substantially equal distances to the front and rear respectively of the centre of gravity of the projectile.
  • a projectile for use with projectile propelling apparatus having a barrel the groove bore of which is greater in diameter at the breech than being at their outer edges, which are spaced from the projectile, of substantial thickness so that these outer edges form substantial bearing surfaces, a circumferential cannelure being vprovided behind each llange and extending below the 'surface of the projectile body and each of a volume suiciently large to enable it to receive the flange in front thereof, and said flanges being initially of a diameter greater than that of the groove bore at the muzzle of a barrel for which the projectile is designed, such flanges being adapted to increase the gas pressure area of such projectile beyond that normal for a projectile having the same body calibre, and the front and rear flanges being equally spaced to the front and rear respectivelyof the centre of gravity of said projectile body, and the Hughesr cannelure being spaced from the rear end of the body of the projectile.
  • a projectile adapted to be fired from a barrel increasing in cross sectional area from the muzzle toward the breech chamber, and comprising a body having a cylindrical intermediate portion of maximum diameter terminating at its front end in a nose decreasing in diameter forwardly and terminating at its rear end in a boat-tail portion, a pair of axially spaced peripheral deformable .flanges projecting outwardly from said cylindrical part of the body and each having a rearwardly and outwardly inclined front surface entering, at the forward end, the cylindrical part of the said body flush with the outer surface thereof, such flanges being adapted to increase the gas pressure area of such projectile beyondl that normal for a projectile having the sameV body calibre and comprising the sole bearing surface throughout the major portion of the length of the barrel, and a circumferential cannelure being provided inthe cylindrical part of said body behind each of said flanges, and each being adapted to receive the flange in front thereof, the rearmostl cannelure being spaced from the rearmost end of
  • a projectile adapted to be red from a barrel increasing in cross sectional area from the muzzle toward the breech chamber, and comprising a body having a cylindrical part of maximum diameter-terminating at its forward end in a nose, axially spaced deformable circumferential llanges of equal diameter extending outwardly from the outer surface of lsaid cylindrical part'of the body, the front ends of said flanges merging into the projectile .
  • a circumferential cannelure being provided in said body behind each flange and extending below the surface of the projectile body and being of a sufficient volume to enable it to receive the flange in front thereof, and the front and rear flanges being respectively disposed at substantially equal distances to the front and rear of the centre of gravity of the projectile.
  • the said body terminating at the rear end in a portion of boat-tail form and the rearmost of the said cannelures being spaced forwardly from the rear end of said cylindrical part of the body.
  • a projectile for use with a projectile propelling device having a rilled barrel of greater groove bore diameter at the breech end than at the muzzle comprising a body having a cylindrical intermediate portion of maximum diameter terminating at its front end in a nose decreasing in outer surface thereof, each of said flanges terminating at the rear end, which is spaced from the body of the projectile, in a substantially cylin- -drical bearing surface, a circumferential cannelure being provided behind each of said flanges and formed in the cylindrical part of said body and each adapted to receive the flange in front thereof, said flanges being of equal diameter to one another and equal to the largest diameter of the groovebore of the barrel for which the projectile is designed, the rear cannelure being spaced from the rear end of the said cylindrical part, and
  • the said cylindrical part being of its normal max- -imum diameter from the rear edge of the front cannelure right up tothe front end of the rear flange.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US648288A 1929-12-24 1932-12-21 Projectile Expired - Lifetime US1944885A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH168765D CH168765A (de) 1929-12-24 1930-11-05 Schusswaffe mit Geschoss.
US500040A US1944883A (en) 1929-12-24 1930-12-04 Projectile propelling apparatus
US648288A US1944885A (en) 1929-12-24 1932-12-21 Projectile

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1944883X 1929-12-24
US500040A US1944883A (en) 1929-12-24 1930-12-04 Projectile propelling apparatus
US648288A US1944885A (en) 1929-12-24 1932-12-21 Projectile

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US1944885A true US1944885A (en) 1934-01-30

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CH (1) CH168765A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2872846A (en) * 1954-07-07 1959-02-10 William D Crozier High velocity gun
US3154016A (en) * 1961-01-12 1964-10-27 Albert W Frey Ballistic projectile
US3918364A (en) * 1974-01-21 1975-11-11 Morris J Duer Bullet
WO1988005899A1 (en) * 1987-01-31 1988-08-11 Rheinmetall Gmbh Guiding band for projectile
US20050257711A1 (en) * 1999-01-15 2005-11-24 Natec, Inc. A Cartridge Casing Body And An Ammunition Article Having A Cartridge Casing Body Wherein The Cartridge Casing Body Is Plastic, Ceramic, Or A Composite Material
JP2009103382A (ja) * 2007-10-24 2009-05-14 Ihi Aerospace Co Ltd オブチュレータ
US20180364017A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2018-12-20 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Reduced drag projectiles
USD849874S1 (en) 2018-01-21 2019-05-28 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Muzzleloader propellant cartridge
US10352669B2 (en) * 2016-09-30 2019-07-16 Badlands Precision LLC Advanced aerodynamic projectile and method of making same
US10386164B2 (en) * 2014-08-26 2019-08-20 Dsg Technology As Projectile of small arms ammunition

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2872846A (en) * 1954-07-07 1959-02-10 William D Crozier High velocity gun
US3154016A (en) * 1961-01-12 1964-10-27 Albert W Frey Ballistic projectile
US3918364A (en) * 1974-01-21 1975-11-11 Morris J Duer Bullet
WO1988005899A1 (en) * 1987-01-31 1988-08-11 Rheinmetall Gmbh Guiding band for projectile
US20050257711A1 (en) * 1999-01-15 2005-11-24 Natec, Inc. A Cartridge Casing Body And An Ammunition Article Having A Cartridge Casing Body Wherein The Cartridge Casing Body Is Plastic, Ceramic, Or A Composite Material
JP2009103382A (ja) * 2007-10-24 2009-05-14 Ihi Aerospace Co Ltd オブチュレータ
US10386164B2 (en) * 2014-08-26 2019-08-20 Dsg Technology As Projectile of small arms ammunition
US20180364017A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2018-12-20 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Reduced drag projectiles
US10684108B2 (en) * 2015-10-21 2020-06-16 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Reduced drag projectiles
US11378368B2 (en) * 2015-10-21 2022-07-05 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Reduced drag projectiles
US20230003496A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2023-01-05 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Reduced drag projectiles
US10352669B2 (en) * 2016-09-30 2019-07-16 Badlands Precision LLC Advanced aerodynamic projectile and method of making same
USD849874S1 (en) 2018-01-21 2019-05-28 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Muzzleloader propellant cartridge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH168765A (de) 1934-04-30

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