US1944275A - Disk harrow - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 23, 1934. c SANDEEN 1,944,275

DISK HARROW Filed Feb. 26, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 gwoentoz 11 M052 C. Jande'wz,

E. C. SANDEEN Jan. 23, 1 934.

DI SK HARROW Filed Feb. 26, 1932 '4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jam, 23, 1934. E. c. SANDEEN 1,944,275

DISK HARROW Filed Feb. 26, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 l Batik E I l-Hr l AA Fig. f

gwue'niou Patented Jan. 23, i934 UNIT, STATES PATENT OFFICE Application February 26,

2 Claims.

The present invention relates to a disk harrow, and more particularly to a disk harrow having the disks thereof adjustable for various depths of cuts and having the disks mounted for independent vertical movement with respect to each other and other novel features of construction hereinafter set forth.

In most disk harrows at present in use, a plurality of cutting disks are mounted on a pair of m frames positioned side by side in substantially the same horizontal plane. These frames are angularly movable with respect to each other in a horizontal plane and the angular position of the axes of the two sets of disks controls the depth of the cuts of the disks.

An object of the present invention is to make an improved disk harrow.

In order to attain this object, there is provided, in accordance with one feature of the invention, a frame mounted on a pair of supporting wheels which are vertically adjustable with respect to said frame, and a plurality of disks carried by said frame mounted in two substantially parallel rows positioned one forwardly of the other, the disks of one row being positioned to out between the lines of cut of each pair of disks in the forward row. The disks are resiliently mounted for freedom for individual movement and are resiliently held in a depressed position so as tonormally cut to a uniform depth, but to permit upward displacement of any of the disks when striking an obstruction. The supporting wheels may be locked in adjusted position or may be re-' leased so as to float against a spring pressure with respect to the frame to partially compensate the weight of the frame to be carried upon the disks.

These and other features of construction and operation will be more fully brought out in the following description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a harrow comprising the present invention, one wheel being removed to more clearly disclose the structure of the mechanism.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 with the disks in plowing position and adjusted so that the rearset of disks is lower than the front set of disks. 7

Figure 3 is a fragmentary view showing the upper portion of a handle with a grip latch secured in a releasing position.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the device shown in- Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing a forward and rear pair of disks and their relative furrows.

1932. Serial No. 595,291 (Cl. 55 -73) Figure 6 is a plan view of a modified double disk support member.

Figure '7 is a view in front elevation of the device shown in Figure 1, showing a sectional view through the ground in which the device is operat- .30 ing, illustrating how the disks may rise over obstructions encountered.

Figure 8 is'a central sectional view through the mechanism illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 9 is a view in side elevation of a disk as bearing member showing a groove therein, a disk support member being shown sectionally.

Figure 10 is a view in perspective of the mechanism shown in Figure 1, the right hand portion of the device being broken away to increase the (1, scale of the drawings.

Figure 11 is a sectional view through a disk mounting similar to that illustrated in Figure 9.

Figure 12 is a fragmentary view showing a frame member with a rotatable shaft mounted '75 thereon, said shaft having a disk scraper mounted thereon; and V Figure 13 is a sectional view through a single disc support member with a disk mounted thereon. A

Referring to the drawings in detail, a frame A comprises an upper frame structure formed by front and rear angle iron members 3 and 4 and side angle iron members 1 and 2. Each side of the frame A is formed with a depending side por- 5 tion consisting of an angle iron member 5 and brace members 6, 7, and 8, which connect the upper angle iron side frame members 1 and 2 to the lower side frame members 5. Angle iron members 9 and 10 are mounted transversely between the lower side frame members and are secured to the front andrear ends, respectively, of the lower side members 5.

A channel member 11 is secured longitudinally centrally of the transverse angle iron top frame members 3 and 4, and extends longitudinally of the frame and is braced by strap iron members 12 and 13 on each side thereof, which extend from the forward end of the channel member 11 diagonally downward and are bolted at their outer ends to'the front lower angle iron frame member 9. Additional strap iron supports 14 and 1.5 are bolted from the lower angle iron frame member 9 to the sides of the channel member 11.

Axle support brackets 16 (see Figure 8) are supported beneath the side frame members 1 and 2, and beneath the channel member 11 and beneath a longitudinally extending frame member 17 to pivotally support an axle 18. Theaxle 18 is provided with arms 19 and 20 on the ends thereof, and to the outer ends of each of these arms is secured a stub shaft 21 upon which supporting wheels 22 and 23 are rotatably mounted. A lever 24 is fixedly secured to the axle 18, and is provided with a dog 25 which is operated by a hand grip 26 in a well known manner. This dog rides in a toothed quadrant 27 concentric with the axle 18 so that the lever 24 may be locked in adjusted position. A link 28 is swiveled in the upper end of the lever 24 and is adapted to be swung over the grip release member 26 to secure it in releasing position, as shown in Figure 3. An arm 29 is secured to the axle 18 and a coil spring 30 is connected from the upper end oi this arm to the rear upper frame member 4 to exert a counter-clockwise torque on the axle when Viewed from the right side, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. A similar arm'31 is secured to the axle 18 to extend downwardly therefrom and from the lower end of this arm is connected a short chain 32, the forward-end of which is connected to a coil spring 33. The forward end of this spring is connected by means of an adjustable eyebolt 34 to a bracket 35 secured to the side of the channel member 11.

Pivotally secured to the sides of the channel members 11 and extending forwardly therefrom are two heavy strap iron draft members 36 and 37 curved upwardly'at their rearward ends and having a block 38 fixedly secured between their forward ends to hold them in parallel, separated position, as best shown in Figure 4. A yoke 39 is provided across the strap iron draft- members 36 and 37 and the upper end of this yoke is pivotally connected to an offset lever 40 which is pivotally mounted on the forward end of the channel member 11. This lever is provided with a conventional dog 41 and hand grip operating member 42, the dog operating in a toothed quadrant 43 mounted concentrically with the pivotal support of the lever.

Harrow disk support shafts 42 are mounted rearwardly of the lower channel members 9 and 10 and a plurality of disk support arms 44, best shown in'Figures 8 and 13, are mounted upon these support shafts to pivot in a vertical plane thereon. The disk support armsare spaced apart a required distance by spacing collars or sleeves 45. The outer end of each disk support arm is preferably constructed in the form of a bearing 47 with an annular wooden bushing 46 mounted interiorly thereof. A link 48 is rotatably mounted in the bearing 47 and in the wooden bushing 46. The hub 46 is provided with a skirt 49, also shown in Figure 9, and around the bearing 47 is provided an annular groove 50, one end 51 of which extends longitudinally of the bushing beyond the skirt 49 to provide an outlet for excess grease. The central portion of the hub ,48 is provided with a square boss 51a which seats in a square central opening in a harrow disk 52 which is of a conventional type. used in disk harrow's. A retaining cap 53 seats over the central portion of the disk 52 and a bolt 54 extend n through a central opening in the hub 48 is provided with a nut 55 which holds the retaining cap 53 and disk 52 in position uponthe hub. A washer 56 is provided beneath-the head of the bolt 54 to ex tend axially beyond the hub 48 to retain the hub imposition in the bearing. r

A dust proof grease cap 57 is secured across the end of the bearing 47 and is held in position by means of bolts 58 and 59. This co-veris provided with a recessed central portion 60 to receive the head of the bolt 54 and to provide a storage chamber for grease.

In assembling this bearing the parts should first be well greased, and, after the bearing is assembled, the recess 60 in the cover should be filled with grease which will gradually work into the bearing in use. Excess grease is forced outwardly beneath the skirt 49 into the groove 50 shown in Figure 9 and the rotation of the wheel carries the grease around the bushing and outwardly through the longitudinally extending portion 51 of the groove. This action also carries any dirt which may find its way beneath the skirt outwardly with the grease.

Disk scraper assemblies and their operating mechanisms are provided, one for each set of disks, but, as these assemblies are the same for each side of the harrow, it will be necessary to describe the mechanism for one side only. A scraper support shaft 61 is pivotally mounted in brackets-63 secured to the forward upper angle iron frame member 3, and a similar scraper support bar 62 is mounted in brackets 64 secured to the rear angle iron frame member 4. Secured to these shafts by means of split collars 65, best shown in Figure 12, are a plurality of scraper blades 66. These scraper blades are mounted on offset arms 67 formed integrally with the split collars 65.

The scraper blades 66 are secured to the arm 67 by means of rivets 68 which loosely connect the scraper blades to theouter ends of the offset arms. On the inner ends of the offset arms, bolts 69 pass through the arms and through the upper ends of the scraper blade, and the compression coil springs 70 resiliently hold the upper ends of the scraper blades in contact with the arm 67. The shafts 61 are free for limited longitudinal movement in the supporting brackets 63 and a coil spring 71 is mounted around each of the shafts 61 between the bracket 63 and a washer 72 which is held in position on the shaft, as by' means of a'cotter key73 to resiliently force the shaft in the direction which will bring the scraper blades 66 into contact with the concave sides of the'disks 52. The lower ends of the scraper blades 66 are curved to conform with the shape of the disks with which they are intended to engage.

An arm 74 is secured to the rear shaft 62 as by means of a split collar 75 (see Figure 10) and a link '75 is connected from the upper end of the arm 74 to a similar arm mounted on the front scraper shaft 61. A lever 76 is pivotally mounted on the frame A and is provided with a conventional dog and hand grip 77, the dog operating in a toothed quadrant 78 mounted concentrically with the shaft 61. A rod 88 is pivotally connected to the lever 76 and to the link 75 to move the link 75 and the arms 74 by means of the lever 76.

-When the lever 76 is moved rearwardly the scraper blades will be moved inwardly toward the center of the disks, moving the scrapers to an inoperative position, while, when the lever 76 is between the upper end of the bearing 47 and the 1 lower face of the angle iron member 3 or 4 to exert a resilient downward pressure upon the bearings 47. Cotter keys 81 are provided in the upper ends of the rods 79 above the angle iron members 3 or 4 to limit'the downward movement of the rods 79. i

A modified form of disk bearing support is shown in Figure 6. In this structure an arm 82 is provided with an elongated bearing 83 adapted to rotatably support two disks 84 and 85, one on each end thereof. The end portions of this bearing are constructed similarly to the right hand endof the structure shown in Figure 11,. and a single bolt 86 extends entirely through the bearing to secure two hub portions, not shown, similar to the hub 48 shown in Figure 11, in the opposite ends thereof. This bearing is of a length to hold the disks 8% and 85 in the proper degree of separation so as to reduce the number of support arms required in the construction of the mechanism shown in Figure 4. The front and rear sets of disks are aligned, as shown in Figure 5, the rear disks being positioned in longitudinal alinement with the spaces between each pair of forward disks so that the entire area of ground over which the device is drawn will be operated upon by the disks.

Operation In operating the mechanism, the lever 24 controls the relative height of the frame, and the latch 26 and moving the lever 24 to the extreme rearward position on the segment 27. This moves the offset arm portions of the axle 18 downwardly and raises the frame relatively to the wheels 22 and 23. When it is desired to drop the disks to their extreme lowermost position, this is accomplished by moving the lever 24 to the extreme forward position shown in Figure 2. The disks can be locked in intermediate adjusted position by means of the dog 25 and notched quadrant 27.

Longitudinal tilting adjustment of the frame A is accomplished by means of the lever 40. The straps 36 and 37 and the interposed block 38 which comprise the tongue are connected to a tractor or other suitable draft means so that the forward end of the tongue is held in a substantially constant position with respect to the ground level. By moving the lever 40 forwardly as shown in Figure 2, the yoke 39 is moved downwardly with respect to the forward end of the channel member 11, which causes a relative rearward tiltthe extreme forward and rearward positions of the lever 40 may be readily accomplished.

When it is desired to operate the scraper blades 66 the levers 76 may be moved forwardly, bringing the scraper blades into scraping engagement with the disks 52. By moving the levers 76 rear- "wardly, the scraper blades are moved out of scraping engagement with the disks and the lower ends of the scraper blades are moved inwardly toward the centers of the disks 52. The resilient mounting of the shaft 61 and the resilient mounting of the scraper blades, as above described, prevent binding of the scraper blades with the disks.

In striking an obstruction such as rocks 87,

shown in Figure '7, the disks encountering these obstructions are movedupwardly by the obstructions against the. pressure of the springs 80, moving the rods 79 slidably upwardly through the angle iron frame members 3 and 4. -Upon passing the obstruction the resilient force of the springs 80 moves the disks downwardly into the soil to their previous depths.

. It will be noted. in Figure 4, that the arms 29 and 31 to which the springs 30. and 33 are respectively connected are not diametrically opposite each other, but that both incline rearwardly when the axle is in the position illustrated in Figure 4. When the axle operating lever 24 is moved forwardly to the position shown in Figure 2, the lever 31 will be moved past dead center position with respect to the spring 33 and the chain 32 will be wrapped partially around the axle. As this occurs the lever 29 will be moved forwardly, but not sufliciently to bring it to dead center position.

This, of course, increases the torque exerted by the spring 30 acting upon the arm 29, but practically eliminates the torque created by the spring 33 acting upon the arm 31. The arm 31 is positioned so that it reaches this dead center position at approximately the time the disks 52 touch the ground, so that the forces of both the springs 30 and 33 will be employed to assist raising the frame with respect to the wheels when the entire weight of the frame is supported from the wheels 22 and 23, and when the disks are 1 lowered so that they engage the ground, the springs 33 will be practically inoperative and the spring 30 will remain inoperative. This reduces the spring torque on the axle by approximately one-half, assuming that the springs are of equal tension, after the disks engage the ground, and thus greatly facilitates the vertical adjustment of the disks, whether they are in or out of engagement with the ground.

When it is desired to operate the mechanism with the wheels floating, the latch 26 is locked in releasing position by means of the link 28, as shown in Figure 3, and when thus locked in releasing position the tension of the spring 30 maintains a slight downward pressure on the wheels 22 and 23, at the same time permitting the disks to seek their own level of out against the spring tension.

The mechanism comprises a harrow incorporating many new and important features. The

fact that the disks are always at the same cutting angle, which angle is such as to produce the maximum cutting efiiciency of the disks, assures that all of the disks will cut a clean, uniform furrow whether the out be deep or shallow. The resilient mounting of the individual disks permits any disk striking an obstruction to readily pass over the obstruction without placing the weight of the frame assembly on the disks encountering the obstruction, and the springs 80 return the disk to its previous position after passing the obstruction.

The lever 40 permits accurate longitudinal adjustment of the disks, and the scraping mechanism may be readily actuated at any time by means of the levers 76 to clean the disks.

The offset position of the disks, as illustrated in Figure 5, assures the working of the entire soil area within the range of the disks and prevents the creation of dead furrows and unworked 1. In a disk harrow a frame, wheel support.

means pivotally mounted on said frame, a pair of wheels mounted on said wheel support means eccentrically of the axis of pivotal support of said support means, a plurality of disks resiliently mounted for vertical movement on said frame, adjusting means connected to said frame and to said wheel support means to adjust the pivotal position of said wheel support means, release means on said adjusting means to release said wheel support means for free pivotal movement with respect to said frame, and spring means connected to said wheel support and to said frame to exert resilient upward pressure on said frame.

'2. In a disk harrow having a frame, support wheels adjustably mounted thereon, and a plurality of harrow support arms pivotally mounted in lateral alinement on said frame, a hub portion formed in an end of each of said support arms, said hubs having a grease groove extending circumferentially around said hub less than the entire circumferencethereof, one end of said groove being curved away from the end of said hub upon which a harrow disk is adapted to be mounted, a sleeve surrounding said hub portion and covering all of said groove except said curved end portion, and a harrow disk rigidly secured to said sleeve and rotatably secured to said hub.

ERNEST C. SANDEEN.

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