US1942784A - Fluid pressure tool - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 9, 1934. F, E. TERmLL 1,94%?84 FLUID PRESSURE TOOL Filed Dec. 4, 1930 par INVENTOR.

Frank/l?? E. 7rri/l A TTORNE Y.

E", IIIHIHHI Patented Jan. 9, 1934 UNITED- stares- 1,942,184 FLUID PRESSURE 'room Fr E. Terrlll, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application December 4, loro. sel-laine. 499,871

t claims. icl. lei-ps4) This invention relates to huid pressure tools especially those of the portable or hand-supported type. More speciiically it relates to tools uti lining a rotary motor as the prime mover.

One object of the invention is to produce a nuld pressure tool characterized by extreme simplicity, lightness, and compactness. Another object is to efiect economies in production and assembly. Another object is to provide a tool in W which the operative partsare rigidly maintained in alignment and have the required strength lor sustaining hard usage. Another object is to facilitate repair and replacement of parts. Still another object is to confine all torque reaction M, to the motor itself. Other objects will be ap-I parent from the detailed description which uiollolvs.

In the tool ci the present invention a casing provides a chamber slldably receiving. Preler= ably with e. press lit, a rotary motor assembly. A

transmission assembly extends into the chamber and is utilized to maintain the motor assembly in place. The transmission assembly includes reduction gearing and parts of the two assemblies co-act so that all torque reaction of the motor is sustained by the motor itself. By preference the casing has an extension providing a handle or grip portion, the handle providing a conduit for the motive :duid and receiving e. control asm i@ ssmoly einen incluses a throttle valve. 'rse A:lo

supporting arrangement for the man opera able control member for the ottle valve is are ranged to provide for conveniently iorcing the motor assembly out oi the casing when um or replacements ere nec.

In order to illte the invention one concrete embodiment thereof is shown in the accom panying drawins in which:

Fig. l is a longitudinal vertical sectional view showing certain parte in elevation, the section throughthe motor cylinder being substantially on the broken line `l--l oiy Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a top plan View oi the motor wssenlbly prior to or after removal from the motor casing;

Figs. 3 and d are transverse sectional views substantially on the lines 3-3 and i-d respectively oi Fig. l; y

Fig. 5 is e. fragmentary end elevational view of the handle end oi the motor casing; and

Fig. 6 is a side elevational view oi aneiecting member for the motor assembly'.

The embodiment of the invention chosen for thepurpose of illustration comprises in its essenn tials a tool casing A, a motor assembly indicated generally at B, atranslnission assembly indicated generally at C, and a throttle control assem-1 bly indicated generally at D. The three assem blies B, C and D combine with casing A. to zei a very simple, strong, and compact tool. The casing A is hollow and preferably of light metal such as aluminum or aluminum alloy. It provides' a cylindrical chamber c of uniform size and considerable extent, the open end oi which is internally screw threaded as indicated at c'. Chamber c receives motor assembly B and at least a portion of transmission assembly G, threaded cooperating with similar threads on the housing of the transmission assembly to se cure the latter to the casing to close its open end and to maintain the motor assembly in place. n'

Casing il has an extension c2, also hollow, and preferably at an angle to chamber u to provide ,a handle or grip portion for the tool. Handle a forms a conduit for pressure fluid provided by a supply pipe e and receives therewithin the conm trol assembly D. Casing A, adjacent handle en tension al, has a bore a3 of restricted size prei1 'l erably internally screw threaded and preferably in axial alignment with chamber c, also a trans versely extending recess or slot ci intersecting bore a3. The purpose of the bore and slot will be set iorth presently.

The motor assembly B, shown in elevation in Fig. 2, and in vertical and transverse section in Figs. l and 3 respectively, comprises a rotor l having shaft ends or tons c and e and a plurality or piston blades or varies lll, in the pres ent instance four in number, slidably mounted in radiating slots in l?. Rotor 'l is rotatably mounted Within a cylinder 1l. having perforated plates l2 and 13 at either end thereof to form cylinder heads. Rotor sha'it ends 8 and 9 project through cylinder heads l2 and 13 and are supported by ball bearings 14 and 15 mounted in bearing supports or cages lia and 15o respective ly. Each oi. the bearing supports lic and 15a, of the cylinder heads 12 and 13, and o' cylinder ll is slotted as indicated in Fig. 2', the slots being ar ranged for disposition in alignment to receive a key member 16 having both ends bent or hooked at 16a to engage portions of bearing supports ldd and 15a thereby to lock the motor parts in assenibled relation and in a definitely fixed angular relation to one another A passage or bore 1? through the flange portion oi inner bearing support 14a through cylinder head l2 and longilll@ so admitted has access beneath piston blades or vanes 10 by passages 18 (Figs. 1 and 3) to force and hold the blades or vanes outwardly against the cylinder wall so that the pressure fluid admitted by ports 17a is operative within the crescent shaped space provided by the off-set disposition of rotor 'I within cylinder 11 to rotate rotor 7, the exhaust pressure uid escaping through angularly spaced series of ports 19 to an exhaust chamber 2O provided between cylinder l1 and casing A, thence through ports 21 in casing A to atmosphere.

Rotor 'I transmits its power to a spindle 22 supported in transmission assembly C through the medium of shaft extension 9 which has teeth 9a on the lower end thereof to form a pinion.

Pinion teeth 9a mesh with idler gears 23, three in number, mounted on pins 24 rigidly supported in a head 22a on spindle 22. Idler gears 23 rotate on roller bearings 25 and are in mesh with internal gear teeth 15b on the lower bearing support 15a of the motor assembly as well as in mesh with pinion teeth 9a on rotor shaft 9. Thus the torque reaction of spindle 22 is sustained by the motor assembly B. A spring type retainer washer 26, triangular in shape (Fig. 4) and having a central opening to receive rotor shaft 9, is sprung over the three idler gear pins 24 into grooves in the latter to maintain idler gears 23 .and their bearings in place. Spindle 22 is supported in transmission housing c` by axially spaced ball bearings 27. Adjacent the lower bearing is a felt packing 28 held in place by a recessed washer 29 which in turn is engaged by a split spring retaining ring 30 expanded into an internal groove in transmission housing c. A collar 31 on spindle 22 spaces bearings 27, vand a nut 32 is provided to tighten the inner ball races to prevent them from turning on the spindle and to transmit the tool thrust from the spindles through the ball bearings to the motor casing.

The throttle control assembly comprises a valve cage member 33 projecting into handle extension a2 and in screw threaded contact with the latter. Member 33 supports in its central bore a throttle valve 34 of the ball type yieldingly urged to its seat by a conical coil spring 35 seated against a perforated'thrust nut 36. A push rod 37 is utilized to force the throttle valve 34 from its seat and to permit motive iluid from supply conduit eto escape through ports 33a to the interior of the handle whence it passes through passage 1'7 to the motor. The slot a4 in casing A, previously referred to, is utilized for mounting for limited movement a manual control lever 38 of the cam type. This lever'is pivoted on a pivot extension 39a traversing slot a4 which extension forms a part of screw 39 threadedly engaging the interior of bore a3. Figure 5 shows in full lines the position of control lever 38 when admitting'motive fluid to runthe motor and in broken outline its position when throttle valve 34 is in closed position. Bore a3 is also utilized for ejecting motor assembly B from casing A when repairs or replacements are necessary. To this end screw' 39 and lever 38 are removed. A suitable tool is then inserted through bore a3 to engage motor bearing support 14a and by the application of force to the tool the motor assembly B will be ejected. In Fig. 6 a screw bolt 40 is shown for this purpose having threads to cooperate with the threads in bore a3 and having a suitable handle 40a for rotating the electing member. y

From the above it will be apparent that the present invention provides an exceptionally compact power tool which is quickly assembled through the mounting of motor, transmission, and control assemblies in a single casing, that the parts fit closely together to give a short overall length and are rigidly held in alignment, that the motor assembly which engages the casing with a press -fit may occupy a variety of angular positions within the latter provided only that exhaust ports 21 therein are not covered, that the inter-engagement of the transmission with the motor assembly causes the motor to sustain the torque reactions of the spindle, and that the reduced bore in line with the motor chamber of the tool casing provides means for carrying out 'the dual function of normally supporting the manual control means for the pressure iiuid and of ejecting the motor when repairs or replacements are needed.

While the invention has been herein disclosed in what are now considered to be preferred forms, it is to be understood that the invention is,not

limited to the specic details thereofl but covers all changes, modifications, and adaptations within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention: l

1. In a fluid pressure portable tool, ahollow casing providing a cylindrical chamber of substantial length open at one end and with a reduced open bore at the other end, said chamber being arranged to receive therein the motor and transmission mechanism through said open end, and control mechanism for the pressure fluid having an operating member, said reduced bore being provided for the double purpose of providing means for ejection of the motor and transmission mechanism and for supporting said operating member.l i

2. In a fluid pressure portable or hand tool, a

hollow casing providing acylindrical chamber of substantial length open at one enda rotary. motor assembly insertable into said chamber'4 through said open end, a transmission assembly closing said open end tovmaintain said motor assembly in place, said casing having an angular extension remote from said open end to form a handle, said handle providing a conduit for the pressure iiuid, a control assembly mounted in said handle extension including a throttle valve and a plunger for actuating said throttle valve,

said casing and handle having a bore inline with said chamber and a transverse slot or recess lntersecting said bore, a pivot member secured in said bore and extending across said slot, a manually operated control member for said plunger in said slot and mounted on said pivot member, said bore being adapted on removal of said members for the insertion of means for forcing said motor out of said chamber.

3. In a uid pressure tool, a casing providing an open-ended chamber, a rotary motor assembly for insertion into said chamber as a unit oomprising a cylinder, a rotor therein having aligned projecting shaft ends or trunnions, cylinder heads for said cylinder having bores for said shaft ends.

bearing supports for said shaft ends adjacent said heads, said cylinder, heads and supports providing aligned slots, and a key member disposed in said slots and having bent or hooked ends engaging said supports to maintain said motor parts in assembled relation and in fixed angular relation.

4. In combination, in a uld pressure tool, a casing, a rotary. motor insertable as a unit within said casing comprising a cylinder, cylinder heads,

and bearing supports Iora rotor having shaft ends or trunnions, said cylinder, cylinder heads and supports having recesses or slots in the pe-` casing, said assemblycomprising a cylinder, a

rotor therein having a shaft projecting therebeyond, end members for said cylinder, one of which provides a bearing for said shaft. said cylinder and said members having aligned recesses or slots in the peripheral portions thereof, and a single retainer member in the form of a v key seated in said recesses and with enlarged integral ends engaging said end members to maintain said motor parts in assembled relation 'and in a fixed angular relation.

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