US1942763A - Process for marking felt and the resultant product - Google Patents

Description

Cross f 106. COMPOSITIONS,

Reference W. R. MENSHON PROCESS FOR MARKING FELT AND THE RESULTANT PRODUCT Filed July 24, 1931 Patented Jan. 9, 1934 f T 'oFFics raocnss Foa MARKING FELT AND 'rmi nEsnLrANr raonucr u Y .william n. Menshon, ansehe Park, N. r., as-

signor to The Barrett Company, New York, Y N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application July 24, 1931. Serial No. 552,901

\ i claims. v(ci. 9147.9)

This invention relates to marking designs. guide lines, trade-marks, or other indicia upon librous material, such as rooting felt. More particularly, the invention is directed to the applil cation of ruled guide lines or other indicia to rooting and other flbrous material; to the resultant fibrous material; and to apparatus for applying the indicia to felt or other ysheet materials. i

l0 One object of the present invention is to provide coal tar, oil tar, asphalt or other bituxni nous satted felt'br otherv fabric, such as woven fabric, with ruled guide lines or other indicia thereon. Another object is to provide a process 16 for applying guide lines or other indicia to felt or other fibrous rooiing base, which may be saturated with 'waterproofing substances, such as asphalts, coal tar. coaltpitchr other bituminous materials, in such manner that the 20 indicia are not obliterated by the saturating and,

coating material. Other objects and advantages will appear from the following detailed description.

In accordance with this invention, felt or other 28 brous sheet materials are built up in the usual manner from rag, wood pulp, and other fibers into a continuous sheet. This sheet is dried in its passage through the usual press and dry rolls.

' While in substantially dry condition and before 30 leaving the paper making machine, a suitable marking medium. as foi' example, any wellknown paint or-ink which will show through and not be completely obliterated by the waterproofing substances to which the fibrous base is thereafter subjected, is applied to the sheet. In the manufacture of Aroofing elements involving the saturation of a brous sheet with bituminous ,I materials, such as asphalt or coal tar pitch, I

have found that the application of a suspension 40 of a metallic powder in a silicate, preferably a suspension of aluminum powder in a sogliumsilicate solution, in'indicia which apparently l'gh the bituminous saturant. Thereafter, the marked sheet may be saturated with waterprooiing substances, as for example asphalt, or coal tar, or pitch, and nnally rolled up for further treatment or sold as such as roll In the manufacture of coal `tar saturated felt for roofing, as heretofore practiced, the felt base, as it came from the felt making machine, was saturated with coal tar, and immediately upon leaving the saturatlng bath, after expressing the excess coal tar. and while still wet and tacky, 55 was rolled up into roll form. Largely due to the wet and tacky nature of the coal tar saturated -`felt, it has been found impractical to provide coal tar saturated i'elt with guide lines or other indicia in the normal course of manufacture of l0 auch felt. Not only does the present invention comprehend the production of coal tar saturated felt with indicia on a face thereof, but it provides a process which, without involving reorganzation of existing coal tar saturated felt manufaciuring apparatus, permits the production of improved, marked, saturated felt in a simple and emcient manner.

The invention will be described more f hereinafter in connection with the accompany- -ing drawing, which is somewhat diagrammatic Y in character and on which- Fig. 1 shows an arrangement of apparatus for practicing the process of this invention; and

Fig. 2 is a. side elevation, partly in section of one form of marking device for applying a 75 suspension of a pigment to dry felt.

In the accompanying drawing, there is shown a vat 2, containing fibrous stock, such as rag, paper, or other fibrous material, from which the feit brother brous sheetis made. A foramigc nous cylinder or cylinder mold 3 dips into the furnish in vat 2. Rotation of the foraminous cylinder 3, in known manner, causes the formal tion of `a. sheet of desired thickness on the cylinder. This sheet is transferred by cylinder 3 g5 to wet felt or wet blanket 4 by the action of the couch roll 5 which rides on the surface of the cylinder mold. 'I'he sheet is carried on the wet felt over the suction roll 6 and through pressA rolls '1 and 8 where excess water is removed by 90 vacuum and by pressing, respectively. From the press rolls 8 the sheet passes over idler rolls 10 and l1, around guide roll 12 to drying rolls 13. Upon leaving the last drying roll the sheet passes around a guide roll 14 and through calender 15 95 where it is smoothed. Doctor blades 16 prevent adherence of the sheet to the lower calender roll. In the usual roll roong operations, the sheet from the calender rolls is passed to a reel (not shown) where it is wound up into a roll ma of usual diameter. When one reel is filled, the sheet is broken at the reel side of calender roll 15 and started on a second reel. vBoth reels may be driven by a slip-belt or other suitable means of maintaining constant linear speed with a constantly increasing diameter, and the sheet is kept under tension between the reels and the calender rolls. The structure of the sheet forming and drying apparatus may be of any well known type and consequently further description thereof is considered unnecessary. l

In accordance with this invention, the sheet from the calender rolls 15 passing to the aforementioned reels, or the sheet in the embodiment of the invention disclosed in Fig. l, leaving the calender rolls passes over apron 17 and marking discs 18 where designs, marks such as guide lines, orother indicia are applied thereto. In the embodiment lof the invention disclosed, -ruling disc 18 provides a guide line on one face of l2 JUAUNG R PLASTIC- a film of marking medium carried thereby to be ing device.

absorbed by the felt sheet. Rotation of the disc or other printing roll, in accordance with the invention disclosed in Fig. 2 of thedrawing, is accomplished by the frictional contact between the sheet and the disc, linear movement of the sheet causing rotation of the disc so that the peripheral speed of the disc is the same`as the linear speed of the sheet. Disc 18 dips into reservoir tank 19, containing a marking medium, the reservoir being mounted on suitable support 21. If a suspension vof pigment in a solution is utilized as the painting medium, the pigment is maintained in suspension by discharging it from reservoir 19 into a circulating tank 23 which communicates with pump 22. The pump forces the material from tank 23 into the reservoir 19. Circulating the suspension through the reservoir 19 prevents settling of the pigment.

. In the embodiment of the invention involving the application of the marking media to the sheet before it is fed to the reel, the felt is maintained under tension and in frictional contact with the marking or printing disc 18 by the tension exerted thereon by means of the pull of the reels. In the embodiment of the invention shown on the drawing the felt is maintained under tension by the action of the driven draw rolls 42, disposed to the right (viewing Fig. 1) of the mark- After receiving the marking medium from the marking roll 1'1, the felt sheet passes under a guide roll 24, through driven draw rolls 42, over looping rolls 43 to a saturating vat 25 'containing coal tar pitch, asphalt or other waterproong substance. The looping rolls 43 permit accumulation of the sheet,'so that machine lstops on the-saturating machine for thevpur- `pose of removing saturated felt product rolls of a convenient and commercial size, will not interfere with the continuous uninterrupted operation of the sheet formingwand printing ma- `cli'inelwjlnstead of passlgrthrough a saturating iat, the sheet may be passed under sprays of saturant or otherwise saturated.

As shown ln Fis. 1, depicting one type of saturating vat, the sheet passes over roll 26, down through the waterproofing material, about roll 27, up through the waterproofing medium, around roll 28, down through the waterproofing substance. about roll 29, up through the waterproong medium, between press or squeeze rolls 30, which serve to draw the sheet through ,thet

saturating bath and to remove excess saturating material. It will be noted that the rolls 27 and 29 are suitably mounted in tank 25, near the base thereof, and rolls 26 and 28 are disposed above the level of the saturating material ln tank 25. In its passage through va't 25, the sheet is thoroughly saturated and coated with waterproofing substances such as bituminous ma Aterial. The saturated felt is then drawn through the squeeze or press rolls 30 to remove excess saturant and then wound on product rolls 31.

'I'he thus saturated sheet may be unwound, passed through the usual shearing knives, and then again wound into product rolls. If the sheet la wound into a roll after marking, and thereafterunwound and saturated in any desired manner, it may, after marking and before saturation, be unwound and passed through the usual MUSS m55 'sewn 1,942,788

the sheet may be trimmed rst and thereafter marked. o The marking medium used may be any of the various household ai v-such as lead, zinc, or iron compoundsfinl eed oil; v ink' or any er substances which produce a' mit which will show through the waterproofing medium subsequently applied to the sheet and will not be obliterated thereby. White paints and red iron base paints have been foun partic arly su a e mar ornother metallic wders may be used as the/ pgmen'tin mar g or painting composition. Aluminum powder is preferred because of its lustre and brightness and because the bitumen does not readily adhere to it. It forms readily visible indicia upon application to felt and subsequent saturation thereof with bituminous material. Any aluminum bronzing powders utilized in the f manufacture of aluminum paints-may be used as the pigment of this composition. VThe metallic miler is incorporated in the soluble`s`1licate. such as sodium silicate, forming a suspension of aluminum powder E the silicate. The silicate functions as a dispersing agent, maintains the metallic powder in suspension, and acts as an adhesive to bond the metallic marking material with the felt, fibrous or other base to which the composition is applied Further, the silicate, upon application to the brous base, glazes or sizes the portion of the felt to which it is applied, im- Qparting to this portion of the fibrous material a distinctive appearance ascompared with the remaining portion. The composition may be prepared by agitating and intimately mixing aluminum powder, silicate of soda, and water in the proportions. hereinafter indicated, and thus forming a suspension of aluminum powder in a dilute solution of silicate of soda.

One composition found to give excellent re- 1 sults in the marking of roofing felt o'r similar materials was made by mixing 1 pound of alumif n umpgwder, $5 gallon of .silicate of soda of 42.5 Baum, and 5a gallon of water, corresponding to 1 part by weight of aluminum to 2.27 parts by l weight of solid silicate of soda (NazSiOaY, and '1.71 parts by weight of water. The above ingredients were.Y thoroughly mixed and thereafter ppiied to the felt by means of printing or. mar rotating in ata'k containixg`thsuspenson and 1 contacting with the felt.

Another composition found to give satisfactory results in the marking of roofing felt before saturation contained 1 pound of aluminum page' Mder, 1 gallon of silicate of soda '5f-42.5?"MB`m, l

and 1% gallons" f vis(a'gteij, corresponding to 1 part by weight of aluminum to 4.54 parts by weight of solid silicate of soda, and 19.55 parts y by weight f water. y; Suspensions of aluminum powder in silicatef 1 media. Preferably,

of soda containing not more than one part by weight of water, I vhave found, are admirably by weight of water. I

Since the cost of aluminum powder. at the present market prices, is approximately 46 times that of silicate of soda and the cost of water is negligible, it will be appreciated that, from the 15 I commercial and economic points of view, a comfelt, continuously applying a suspension of alu'- el. i

position having maximum amounts of water and silicate of soda and minimum amounts of aluminum powder is preferable. I have found that a satisfactory dilute suspension may be formed by mixing aluminum powder, silicate of soda, and water in the proportions indicated. It will be noted that in the examples given above, the amounts of silicate of soda and water greatlypreponderate over the amount of aluminum powder in suspension.

Silicate of soda, on the heavier than water Baum scale, of a specific gravity greater or less than 42.5 Baume may be used. The 42.5 Baum silicate of soda -represents a grade of silicate readily obtainable on the market. If silicate of soda of higher specific gravity is used, the amount of water added may be proportionately increased, and conversely, if silicate of soda of lower specific gravity is employed, the amount of water introduced into the mixture is corre- Y spondingly reduced.

In practice it has been found that felt or other fibrous material may be eiiiciently and economically provided with guide lines by the process of this invention and thereafter saturated. Roofing material, such as coal tar saturatedvfelt, which, as above indicated, could not heretofore be provided with guide lines or other indicia thereon, in accordance with this invention has been formed with indicia of a distinct and permanent character.

The invention has been described with relation to marked roofing material having marks which would ordinarily be placed on the weather or exposed face of the material, but it will be obvious that either or both faces of the roofingmaterial may be marked in accordance with this invention. Instead of applying one guide line, as shown, by means of disc 18, a series of discsspaced in parallel relation may be used to apply a series of parallel guide lines. Y

The term indicia `used in the specification and claims is intended to include spacing marks, guide lines, trade-marks, decorative, and other marks, applied to a sheet for decorative, identification, or utilitarian purposes. A

Since changes in carrying out the process and. in the product of this invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. In particular, while there has been set forth above a description of apparatus by which the invention may be practiced, it will be understood that other apparatus may be used.

I claim:

1. A process for the production of bitumen saturated base having indicia thereon, which comprises applying a suspension of metallic powder in a dilute silicate solution to the base to form the indicia thereon, and thereafter saturating the base with bituminous material. 1

2. A process for the production of coal tar saturated felt having indicia. on the face thereof, which comprises continuously forming a sheet of felt, continuously applying a suspension of metallic powder in a dilute silicate solution onto a face of the felt sheet to form the indicia thereon, and thereafter continuously saturating the resultant felt sheet with coal tar.

3. A process for the production of bitumen saturated felt having indicia on the face thereof, which comprises continuously forming a sheet of minum powder in a sodium silicate solution to the felt sheet to form the indicia thereon, and thereafter continuously saturating the felt sheet having indicia thereon with bituminous material.

4. A process for the production of coal tarsaturated roofing material having ruled guide lines on the face thereof, which comprises continuously forming a sheet of roofing felt, drying said sheet, applying a suspension of aluminum powder in a dilute sodium silicate solution to said sheet to form a guide line thereon, and thereafter saturating the resultant sheet with coal tar.

5. A process for the production of fibrous material saturated with a waterproofing substance and having indicia thereon, which comprises applying a metallic suspension in a silicate solution to the fibrous material to form the indicia before waterproofing said brous material, and thereafter waterproong said fibrous material.

6. A process for the production of bitumen saturated felt having indicia on a face thereof, which comprises applying( a suspension of aluminum powder in a sodium silicate solution to a sheet of felt to form the indicia, and thereafter saturating the felt with bituminous material.

7. A coal tar saturated roofing element having a guide line composed of aluminum powder and silicate on a face thereof, and a weatherproong saturant on said face.

8. Bitumen saturated roofing having guide lines painted on its weather face, the paint consisting of an aluminum powder and an adhesive medium.

9. Bitumen saturated roofing felt havingv indicia on a surface thereof, the indicia being formed by applying a suspension of aluminum powder in sodium silicate'to felt before saturation thereof with bitumen.

10. A process for the production of roofing material having indicia on the face thereof, which comprises applying a suspension of aluminunim powder in a dilute sgdiumsilicate solution to the Yi'o'rlfmaterial; and thereafter stating the roofing material having said suspension thereon with waterproofing material.

11. Bitumen saturated felt roong having a guide line on its'weather face bonding with the felt base and comprising an aluminum powder and an adhesive medium and covered with bitumen.

12. Bitumen saturated roonng having a guide line painted on its weather face, the paint consisting of va. metallic powder suspended in silicate solution.

13. Coal tar saturated roofing having a guide line painted on its weather face, the paint consisting of a metallic powder suspended in a silicate solution.

14. Bitumen saturated felt having indicia on a surface thereof, the indicia being formed by the application of a suspension of a metallic powder in a silicate solution to the felt before the saturation thereof with bitumen.

15. A process for the production of coal tar saturated felt having a ruled guide line thereon, which lcomprises depositing, without substantial indentation of the felt, a marking substance on the sheet of felt to form the guide line thereon and thereafter saturating the marked felt sheet with coal tar, the marking substance applied to the felt being of such' color and character that the coal tar saturant does not readily adhere thereto and a visible guide line on the resultant felt roofing results.

WILLIAM n. MENsHoN. 15

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