US1942511A - Yarn control means - Google Patents

Description

In. a 1934. F LEIN" 1,942,311

YARN CONTROL MEANS Filed Marsh 27, 19:51

BY 11/3 ATTQRNE INVENTOR,

Patented Jan. 9, 1934 PATENT OFFICE YARN CONTROL MEANS Frederick Klein, College ma, N. Y.,

to Ship-Eastwood Corporation, Paterson,

assignor N. 1.,

a corporation of New Jersey Application March 2-1, 1931. Serial No. 525,300

14 Claims.

This invention relates to tension means for yarn, thread and the like and particularly to that class in which there is a tension means for each Y 5 object is to provide a tension means which will operate without subjecting the filament to rubbing or sliding friction and which may have thesame operatively associated therewith without the tedious and time-wasting effort which characterizes a threading-through operation.

According to my invention in one aspect thereof a pulley whose rotation is resisted by suitable braking means acts as the prime tension medium, the yarn or other filament being bent around and in tractive engagement with the pulley and being, anterior of the pulley, subjected to frictional resistance to advance thereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by the pulley. According to my invention in another aspect thereof a tension device including a pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractively engages is movable back and forth and normally urged in the direction opposite to the direction of the draft on the yarn, and, anterior of the pulley, is subjected to frictional resistance to advance thereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by said device; in this aspect of my invention it is not broadly material whether the rotation of the pulley be resisted or not (though usually it will be) since the resistance of said device to movement incident to the draft, with the pulley snubbed by the yarn due to the resistance anterior thereof, is itself a tension-eifecting factor. When the mechanism is characterized by such a movable tension device the latter preferably has its movement in response to the draft limited. Further, when the mechanism is so characterized the said device may be utilized as a circuit-maker and breaker, thus to serve to energize a lamp or equivalent signal or an electro-magnetic controller.

My invention further contemplates a novel means for imposing a drag on yarn or the like so constructed as automatically to shift and thus prevent the yarn wearing continuously in one place thereon with the effect of forming a nick therein. In the example herein disclosed this is employed as the hereinbefore mentioned means anterior of the pulley, and whereas in that case Fig. 4 an underneath detail on a lar er scale.

Fig.5atopplan ofa mtlbeoneotthearmsotacreelmotshown) thread or other filament. The principal it does not, alone, oppose appreciable resistance- .pulley is held underlying the puller (Cl. 242F455) carrying spools from which'yarns as A are to be taken, say to form a warp in warping. On this arm, by screws 2, is secured a plate 3 formed as to its projecting portion annular and with a partially cup-shaped p rtion 3a depending from its annular portion and adjoining support 1, and with a leg 3b depending from the cup-shaped portion. So much forms, with certain other fixed parta'the fixed or supporting structure.

A support in the form of 'a spindle 4 has its lower end bent off and pivoted in the leg 31'), the

spindle being generally cylindrical in cross-section except at its upper end which is part-cylindrical (Figs. 2 and 3). Said spindle iscapable of rocking in its bearing in leg 3b from the perpendicular to a tilted position, its motion in each direction being limited as follows: Secured to the under side of the portion 3a of plate 3 is an insulator 5 having a slot 6 one end of which forms a stop to limit the motion of the spindle in one direction, i. e., to the perpendicular Fig. 2); attached to. the insulator 5 by a screw-bolt 'l is a plate 8 having a clamp 8a and an abutment 8b, the clamp holding an incandescent electric lamp 9 which abuts the abutment 8b and whose terminal end forms a stop to limit the movement of the spindle in the other direction, or somewhat tilted from the perpendicular. The spindle.

has affixed thereto a mutilated or partial disk 10 so arranged that gravity acting on the member comprising the spindle and this disk tilts it toward the stop formed by lamp 9.

On the disk is a felt washer or pad 11 or equivalent to form a brake or frictional resistance. On this washer is a flanged pulley or sheave l2 rev-. oluble on the spindle and having its lower flange below and its upper flange above the level of the top of plate 3, the same having its barrel portion (between its flanges) preferably tapering. On the pulley is another felt washer or pad 13 to form a brake or frictional resistance. And on this washer is a thin sheet-metal disk 14, superimposed by a disk-like weight 15, the disk 14 having a central non-round hole conforming to and fitting the upper non-cylindrical end of the spindle so that the disk is non-rotative but removable. This disk has its central portion concave or dished at the under side so as flange of pulley 12 and its margin or rim is flared upward or conical. It will thus be seen that the between two non-rotative elements (10-14) and is subject when rotated to the drag to house the upper or braking action of the felt washers 11-13. g

The disk 14 is formed as described so that when the yarn or thread A is given a turn or two about. the pulley so as to obtain tractive engagement therewith the yarn coil orcoils will be fended onto the pulley barrel and not enter between the pulley-and said disk, being also prevented from by the top or plate 3.

The top of plate 3 has a slight circular cavity 16 containing the under one of two superposed frustro-conical disks 17 having their adjacent (lesser) faces abutting each other and having a central hole 18 of greater diameter than that of a pin 19 upstanding from said arm and penetrating the holes, the divergence of the margins of the disks facilitating entry of the yarn between them as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The yarn travels between the disks at one side of pin 19. At the.

other side of this pin and close to the periphery of the disks two other pins 20 upstand from arm 1, the arrangement of the abutments formed by the three pins being such that neither disk actual- 1y contacts with all of them at once (Fig. 5). By this arrangement, when the yarn is under draft, as by being wound on some rotating element diagrammatically shown at 21, it'causes the disks to creep slowly around in the direction of the curved arrow. in Fig. 3, so that the disks are not cut by the yarn due to its wiping thereagainst always in the same line; in this creeping action of the disks'the pin 19 and left-hand pin 20 are directly active, the other pin 20 being present mainly to preserve the disks in about the relation to pin 19 and left-hand pin 20 which is shown. The yarn tracks across that half-segment of the disks which adjoins the pins, this being in the example due to the bend in the yarn incident to pin 19 being out of a straight line connecting its point of incidence with pulley l2 and the yarn supply (as a cone) shown diagrammatically at 2111; wherefore the rotary creeping of the disks has no influence to displace the rapid- 1y moving yarn away from the pins 20, which might result in the discharge of the yarn from between the disks, out of the control thereof.

Leg 322 of plate 3 is connected to ground by the conductor 22. The plate 8 is connected to ground by conductor 23 here energized by the transformer 24 and containing an electro-magnet 25 which, with its armature 26, acts as a controller, for instance through means not shown but well known in the art to stop the rotation of the element 21. The circuit formed by parts 22, 3b, 4, 9, 8, 23 and 25- is closed whenever spindle 4 is allowed to assume its mentioned tilted position-in contact with the terminal of lamp 9. In the operation of the mechanism by way of example above described and shown in the drawing the tension on .the yarn is the result of two forces each dependent for producing such tension on the means 1'7 which in the example serves merely to cause the yarn to snub the pulley, that is to say, to grip it without. material slippage, such forces being on the one hand the friction exerted upon the pulley by its carrier (comprising the spindle and parts 10, 11, 13, 14 and 15), and on the other the action of gravity normally acting on the tension device (formed by said carrier and pulley) to shift said device to the tilted position. In this example the means 17 plays no appreciable part in tensioning the yarn, that function being mainly subserved by the braked pulley and by the gravity-achiated tension device as a whole, the object being to avoid wearing or rubbing of the yarn and to make the mechanism adaptable to diflerent grades of yarn or yarn which runs more or less irregular in thickness.

So long as the yarn continues to run un- I broken and under draft the tension device is energizing both the controller 2526 and the lamp 9 which serves as a tell-tale where a number of the mechanisms are present for tensioning a number of yarns to indicate the particular yarn affected.

Each disk 17 is in effect an annulus resting freely on a suitable support and the pin 19 and left-hand pin 20 are abutments, one inside and the other outside of the annulus, arranged too close together to permit the annulus to roll one complete rotation around and'always in contact with abutment 19 and spaced slightly exceeding the interval between the inside and outside diameters of the annulus, whereby if the yarn travels across the annulus it tends to roll it around pin 19 by friction with the annulus until the latter encounters the pin 20, whereupon the vibration of the annulus by the yarn, when travelling at suitable speed, disturbs the annulus so that it is free to roll again around the pin, such rolling and motions of disturbance of course being perhaps imperceptible to the eye but involving progress intermittently, nevertheless, of the annulus in the direction of the curved arrow in Fig. 3. If the yarn traversed the annulus in .that half-segment thereof which is near the observer in the drawing it might work off toward the observer out of control of the annulus; this is avoided by forming pin 19 of less diameter than half that of hole 18, whereby the yarn may traverse the far half-segment of the annulus, i. e., the half-segment occupied by the penetrating abutment 19.

The pulley is characterized by a barrel portion which is tapering, as hereinbefore stated, with at least a peripheral flange thereon at the smaller end of the tapered barrel portion. Occasional or vagrant slippage of the yarn around the pulley cannot of course be entirely prevented and if the barrels periphery is cylindrical or if it is grooved circumferentially so that no true cylindrical surfacecan be said to exit such slippage in time wears the periphery so that a thread-groove or nick is formed which detracts from the efllciency of the pulley. By forming the barrel tapering the pulley, especially if its support is movable under the draft of the yarn, encourages the turns of the yarn to slip laterally of themselves or axially of the pulley, so that the turns are constantly shifting in the axial direction and instead of any wear incident to rotary slippage of the yarn occurring constantly on any given line the wear is distributed. Of course the object here is not so much to avoid replacement of pulleys as it is to prevent such changes by wear in the form of the pulley as mightdeleteriously effect the tension without the fault being readily detected by the operator. In the preferred form the taper forms an acute angle with the pulleys axis.

The bearing of the pulley is of small diameter;

that is, the actual radius of the pulley (from its bearing to its periphery) is the major part of its true or geometric radius (from its axis to its periphery), whereby the pulley presents ample leverage to the yarn, with less likelihood of the l. yarn slipping thereon, and 1 insure the pulley rather than the means 1'7 being the principal factor in maintaining the tension.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim is: p

1. In combination, means to draw yarn lengthwise, and mechanism to exert tension on the yarn while so drawn comprising a revoluble pulley around which the yarn under draft is bent and which it tractively engages, means to support being drawn lengthwise comprising supporting and frictionally resist rotation of the pulley, and

.means, anterior of the pulley, imposing on the being drawn lengthwise comprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forth in said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in the direction opposite to that, of the draft on the yarn and including a revoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractively engages, and means, anterior of the pulley and relatively to which said device is movable, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to the advance thereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by the pulley. I

' 3. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwise comprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forth in said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in the direction opposite to that, of the draft on the yarn and including a revoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractively engages and means frictionally resisting rotation of the pulley, and means, anterior of the pulleyand relatively to which said device is movable, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to. the advance thereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by the pulley.

4. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwise comprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forth in said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in the direction opposite to that, of the draft on the yarn and including a revoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractively engages, and means, anterior of the pulley and relatively to which said device is movable, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to the advance thereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by the pulley, said structure having a stop limiting the movement of said device in response to the draft on the yarn.

5. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while structure, a tension device movable back. and forth in said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in the direction opposite to that,

-of the draft on the yarn and including a revoluble pulley around which the yarn is' bent and which it tractively engages and means frictionally resisting rotation of the pulley, and means, anterior of the pulley and relatively to which said device is movable, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to the advance thereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by the pulley, said structure having a stop limiting the movementof said device in response to the draft on the yarn.

6. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwise comprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forth in said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in the direction opposite to that,

1 of the draft on the yarn and including a revoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractively engages and a carrier for the pulley pivoted in said structure to move in an upright plane, and means, anterior of the pulley, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to the advance thereof.

'1. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwise comprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forth in said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in the direction opposite to that, of the draft on the yarn and including a revoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractively engages and a carrier for the pulley pivoted in said structure to move in an upright plane and frictionally resisting rotation of the pulley, and means, anterior of the pulley, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to the advance thereof.

8. Tension mechanism including supporting structure and a pulley support movable therein,

and a tapered-periphery pulley journaled on the support and adapted to receive a bend in the yarn in tractive engagement with its periphery, said support and pulley being movable back and forth and normally urged in one direction and adapted to be moved in the opposite direction by the i yarn.

- 9; Tension mechanism including supporting structure and a support projecting therefrom, a tension pulley journaled on the support and adapted'to receive a bend in the yarn in tractive .engagement with its periphery, said support and pulley being movable back and forth in said structure and normally urged in one direction and being adapted to be moved in the opposite direction by the yarn and said pulley having one end face projecting from and the other housed in said means, and a cone-faced member opposed to the first face of the pulley and housing the corresponding end thereof, the conical face of said member converging toward said means.

10. Means to impose a drag on lengthwisetravelling yarn comprising, with a support having a top surface and spaced abutments upstanding therefrom, an annulus resting on said surface and penetrated by one abutment and free to rotatively shift around the same, said abutments being spaced apart so that the annulus cannot shift in continuous rolling contact with the penetrating abutment without contact with the other abutment, and the yarn being adapted to travel in frictional contact with the annulus.

11. Means to impose a drag on lengthwisetravelling yarn comprising, with a support having a top surface and spaced abutments upstanding therefrom, an annulus resting onsaid surface and penetrated by one abutment and free to rota-' shift in continuous rolling contact with the penetrating abutment without contact with the other abutment, and the yarn being adapted to travel in frictional contact with the annulus, the penetrating abutment being of less diameter than one half of the inside diameter of the annulus whereby the yarn may travel across the annulus in that half-segment thereof occupied by said penetrating abutment.

12. Means to impose a drag on lengthwisetravelling yarn comprising, with a support having a top surface, means above said surface forming a rolling-contact surface formed around an axis penetrating the first surface, and an annulus resting on the first surface and free to shift thereon in rolling-contact with said contact surface in response to the friction of the yarn when travelling in contact with the annulus, means to confine the rotary shifting of the annulus to intermittent movement.

13. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwise comprising a revoluble pulley around which the yarn under draft is bent and which it tractively engages, means to axially support and frictionally resist rotation of the pulley, and means, anterior of the pulley, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to the advance thereof substantially sufiicient only to cause the yarn to snub the pulley, said pulley having its actual radius equalling the major portion of its geometric radius.

14. In combination, means to draw yarn lengthwise, and mechanism to exert tension on the yarn while so drawn comprising a revoluble the thus-IrictionalLv-resisted pulley forming a tension device by which the yarn is last tensi'oned anterior to the first-named means.

FREDERICK KLEIN.

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