US1936600A - Superheater boiler - Google Patents

Description

1933- D. s. JACOBUS ET AL SUPERHEATER BO ILER 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Nov.

1933- D. s. JACOBUS ET AL SUPERHEATER BOILER Original Filed Nov. 5, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 /1\ VENTOR a; A TTURNEVS Nov. 28, 1933. 1 5 JACOBUS ET AL 1,936,600

SUPERHEATER BOILER Original Filed Nov. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR Woman 76%1J0M ,4 w

Patented Nov. 28, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE SUPERHEATER BOILER David S. Jacobus, Montclair, N. .L, and William A. Jones, West New Brighton, N. Y., assignors to The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Bayonne, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application November 5, 1925, Serial No. 66,924 Renewed October 31; 1929 12 Claims.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of an illustrative form of water tube boiler; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a detail of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an" enlargement of a detail of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a more or less diagrammatic perspective View of the superheater illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, and Figs. 6,7 and 8 are views on sections 6'-6, 7-7 and 88, respectively, of Fig. 5, but on a smaller scale.

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the several views.

In the illustrative form of boiler, horizontally inclined water tubes are connected to uptake headers 10 and downtake headers 11, the water tubes in theparticular type of boiler illustrated being divided into a number of banks, the lower bank 12 being separated from an intermediate bank 13 to provide a superheater chamber. It .will be understood that the headers referred to are connected in the usual manner to an upper steam and water drum or drums and that instead of the separate headers, as shown, uptake and downtake water chambers or water legs may be used. The particular form of boiler which we have chosen for purposes of illustration has no cross bafiies in at least its lower portion, the gases from the furnace chamber passing upwardly across the water tubes, the -superheater tubes (to be described hereinafter) and then the remaining water tubes, the position of the headers at each end of the tubes being arranged to give a contracting pass.

The specific form of boiler with which we .have illustrated our invention is no part of our present invention and. further description thereof will be unnecessary to those skilled in the art.

In the space between the banks 12 and 13 of the water tubes, there is a bank of superheater tubes 14 arranged, in the illustrative form, in horizontally and vertically extending rows, these tubes 14 extending at right-angles to the boiler water tubes'and out through openings in the side walls 15, 16 of the boiler setting. The headers connecting the ends of the tubes 14 are located outside of the side setting walls, the tubes extending through plates 17 which are held in place by clips 18 so that the plates 17 can move vertically or, horizontally on the tubes,

if necessary, as the several parts of the super heater expand and contract, the plates 17 serving to cover at all times the openings in the setting walls through which the bank of superheater tubes extends.

It will be appreciated that the superheater. tubes-1 4 have a very considerable length and are relatively small in diameter, so that they should be supported at various points midway of their. length. For the purpose of such support, we

provide one or more Vertical metallic walls" through which the tubes '14 extend, these walls engaging each of the tubes 14 and extending at right-angles to the tubes, and then support these walls on the water tubes of the bank below the superheater. In the illustrative embodiment, relatively thin plates 19 having recesses in their edges are turned into place between diagonal rows of the superheater tubes 14, so that each tube 14 extends through one .of the recesses of a plate 19. Then, preferably, we provide a'sec- 0nd row of plates 19 substantially at rightangles to the plates 19 and face to face therewith, so that each tube llis held by a pair of plates extendingin two directions at right-angles to each other. In order to hold the plates 19 and 19' more securely, we provide top bars 20 and bottom bars 21 to which each of the plates 19 and 19 is attached, the entire arrangement as shown in Fig. 2 providing a relatively rigid construction, holding the several tubes 14 relatively to each other and also adapted to support the Weight of the tubes 14, and, at the same time, one which can be readily placed in position after the. superheater tubes are in place. f In the illustrative embodiment, we have pro-1' vided a plurality of metallic walls extendingpar tially down through the bank 12 of the water tubes to transmit the weight of the superheater to the water tubes and to distribute such weight over a considerable number of the water tubes.

Each of these water tube walls '(3 in number being shown in Fig. 1) is made up of a plurality of plates 22 set edge toedge and having recesses in these edges, through one of whichv extends one of the tubes 12, a second set of plates 22' extending more or less at right-angles to the plates 22 and being similarly arrangedso that each of the tubes 12 is held betweenfa pair of plates in two substantially diametrically opposite direc tions. The plates 22, in the form illustrated, do not extend entirely through the bank 12, but, of course, may do so if it is desired totransmit the weight of the superheater to a greater number of the water tubes. "The tops of the plates 22, 22' are fastened to top bars 23 to connect the several plates to provide a relatively rigid construction.

On the top of each of the walls made up of the plates 22, 22 is a pier footing plate 24 having an upturned ledge 25, thisplate being held against motion down the tubes 12 by clips 26 of a wellknown form attached to one or more of the upper rows of water tubes 12.

On each of the footing plates 24 is built up a pier 27 of refractory bricks or tile to span the space between the tops of the water tube walls and the superheater tube walls, the ledge 25 holding the pier against longitudinal motion. Preferably the top of each of the piers 27 is provided with a covering plate 28 which is provided with a projecting ledge 29 to keep it from sliding horizontally.

The lower portions of the superheater tube walls made up of the plates 19, 19 rest on the plates 28 of thepiers 27, these piers preferably being made long as compared with the thickness of the superheater walls but short as compared with the width between the side walls of the boiler setting. It is obvious that the weight of the superheater will be transmitted through the superheater walls to the piers and from there to the water tube walls and the water tubes. At

the same time, the superheater tubes '14 are free 36" to move longitudinally as they expand and contract with the varying operations of the boiler.

In the form illustrated, the superheater is arranged so that the steam makes a plurality of passes back and forth through the superheater chamber, and to this end, the tubes 14 are divided into a plurality of groups or sections side by side, the tubes, in the illustrative arrangement, being divided into three sections 14 14 and 14.

. ...At each side of'the setting and outside of the- 40' walls thereof are provided superheater headers connected to the ends of the tubes 14 and, in the illustrative embodiment, the inlet header 30 is somewhat above the bank of tubes 14, the ends of the tubes 14 being bent upwardly to enter the header 30. At the opposite side of the boiler and outside of the setting wall 16 and somewhat below the bank of tubes 14, is a header 31 which is double length as compared with the header 30;

.7 that is to say; in header 31there is provision for double the number of tubes provided for in header 30. The ends of the tubes 14 and 14 are bent downwardly to enter the header 31.

On the same side of the setting as the header -30 but at a lower level is a header 32 which is also a double-length header, the ends of the tubes 14 and 14 being bent downwardly to enter this header.

On the same side of the setting as theheader 31 but at a higher level is the outlet header 33 i which is a single-length header and receives the ends of the'tubes 14 which are bent upwardly for that purpose. ihe expressions single length header and double length header are'used withreference to the connected 5' superheater tube bank section or sections. The single length header' nay be also termed a single section header because of the fact that only the tubes of a single section of the superheater tube bankare connectedthereto. Likewise the double length header may be also termed a double section header because the tubes of two sections of the supe'rheater tube bank. are connected thereto.

. By the arrangement just described and as best illustrated in Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, the entire bank of tubes 14 is divided so that the stream entering at the header 30 passes through the tubes 14 then the tubes 14 then the tubes 14 to the outlet header 33, and yet the headers are so arranged that the several sets of tubes can expand and contract relatively without aifecting the superheater construction and, at the same time, the several headers can be made of any desired length beyond the superheater tube holes (Fig. 5 being diagrammatic in this respect) to provide the necessary area for rounding the ends of the headers or the like or the provision of end handholes, the fact that the headers 30 and 32 and 31 and 33 are at different levels enabling each of them to be extended indefinitely beyond its tubes holes without interference with its neighboring header. It will also be understood that the end of each of the tubes 14 is bent so that as the tube expands, this bend will prevent undue stress on the tube hole in the header.

It will be understood that the tubes 14 may be dividedinto as many sections as desired and if only two passesare required the header 32 would be made the outlet header.

It will also be understood that the details of the supporting arrangement which we have illustrated may be widely varied and that such supporting arrangement may be applied to superheaters in many different types of boilers.

It will also be understood'that, if desired, some of the weight of the headers may be carried on the boiler setting through spring supports and similarly, the piping connected to the headers may be spring supported.

We claim:

In a water tube boiler having horizontally inclined water tubes and setting therefor, a superheater having a bank of tubes extending across the water tubes, and'headers outside the boiler setting and extending in the same general direction as the water tubes and connected to the ends of the superheater tubes, the bank of superheater tubes being divided into at least three seci'ions, sideby side, with a double length header at each side of the setting, each con- 120 nected to ends of the tubes of two of said sections and with a single length header at each side of the setting, each connected to the ends of the tubes of one of said sections, the headers on the same side of the setting being at different 125 vertical heights and the'ends of the tubes of the respective sections being bent to enter the headers to which they are connected.

2. In a water tube boiler having horizontally inclined water tubes and a setting therefor, a superheater having a bank of tubes extending across the water tubes and above a bank of the water tubes, a metallic superheater wall extending through and across the bank of superheater tubesabove the water'tubes and extending in the 135 same general direction as the water tubes, each of the superheater tubes extending through and being engaged by said wall, a plurality of metallic water tube walls spaced along the water tubes of said bank and extending at least partially'across said bank and supported thereon, a pier on each water tube wall extending longitudinally'ithere of and extending upward to said superheater wall to transmit the'weight thereof and'of the superheater tubes to said water tube walls and the bank of water tubes, each of said piers being of refractory material and wider than'the water tube wallon which it rests and havinga" metallic footing plate resting on the top of the water tube wall with an upwardly projectingledge on the 15 side toward the low ends of the inclined water tubes, and clips on the water tubes to hold the footing plates against motion toward the low ends of the water tubes.

3. In a water tube steam boiler, a bank of inclined water tubes having a superheater disposed thereabove, a pier formed of tile and resting on the top row of tubes in the bank and adapted to support said superheater, a metallic plate disposed at the bottom of said pier and contacting with said tubes in the top row, means holding said plate in position beneath said pier, and means on the plate engaging the pier to prevent sliding thereof.

l. In a Water tube steam boiler, a bank of inclined water tubes having a superheater disposed thereabove, a pier formed of tile and resting on the top row of tubes in the bank and adapted to support said superheater, a metallic plate disposed at the botoin of said pier and contacting with said tubes in the top row, means holding said plate position beneath said pier, and a wall extending across said bank of water tubes and adapted to support said plate and pier.

5. In a water tube steam boiler, a bank of inclined water tubes having a superheater disposed thereabove, a pier formed of tile and resting on the top row of tubes in the bank and adapted to support said superheater, a metallic plate disposed at the bottom of said pier and contacting with said tubes in the top row, means on plate engaging the pier to prevent sliding thereof, and means secured on said tubes in the top row and adapted to engage said plate to hold the plate and pier in position.

6. In a water tube boiler having inclined water tubes and setting therefor, a superheater having a bank of tubes extending across the water tubes, and headers outside the boiler setting and extending in the same general direction as the water tubes and connected to the ends of the superheater tubes, the of superheater tubes being divided into a plurality of sections arranged side by side, with a long header at each side of the setting each connected to ends of the tubes of two of said sections and with a shorter header at each side of the setting each connected to the ends of the tubes of one of said sections, the headers on the same side of the setting being at different vertical heights and the ends of the tubes of the respective sections being bent toenter the headers to which they are connected.

7. In fluid heat exchange apparatus, opposite walls forming a gas pass for heating gases, a

bank of tubes extending across the gas pass and divided into sections conducting a fluid across the gas pass in a series fiow with the flows in adjacent sections being opposite to each other, and overlappin long and short headers at opposite walls of the gas pass, the long headers having the tubes of two of said sections connected thereto while the short headers having 1e tubes of a single section connected thereto.

8. In fluid heat exchange apparatus, opposite walls forming a gas pass for heating gases, at bank of tubes extending across the gas pass and through the walls and divided into sections conducting a fluid across the gas pass in a series flow with the flows in adjacent sections being opposite to each other, and overlapping long and short headers at opposite walls of the gas pass, the long headers having the ends of the tubes of two of said sections bent and connected thereto while each of the short headers has the ends of the tubes of a single section connected thereto and bent oppositely to the ends of the tubes of an adjoining long header.

9. In fluid heat exchange apparatus, opposite walls forming a gas pass for heating gases, at bank of tubes extending across the gas pass and divided into sections conducting a fluid across the gas pass in a series flow with the flows in adjacent sections being opposite to each other, and overlapping long and short headers located at different elevations at opposite walls of the gas pass, a long header on one side of the gas pass having the tubes of two of said sections connected thereto while an adjacent and overlapping short header has the tubes of a single section connected thereto.

10. In fluid heat exchange apparatus, opposite walls forming a gas pass for heating gases, a bank of tubes extending across the gas pass and di vided into sections conducting a fluid across the gas pass in a series flow with the flows in adjacent sections being opposite to each other, and separate single section and double section headers at opposite walls of the gas pass, the double section headers having the ends of the tubes of two of said sections connected thereto while the single section headers each has the ends of the tubes of only a single section connected thereto.

11. In a water tube boiler and its furnace, a heat transfer device having tubes extending across the boiler tubes, said tubes being divided vertically into two banks across which the gases from said furnace flow, a header on each side of the boiler being at a higher elevation than the top of the bank of tubes and a header on each side of the boiler being lower than the bottom of the bank of tubes, each bank having the ends of its tubes bent respectively up and down to enter their respective headers.

12. In a water tube boiler and its furnace, a heat transfer device having tubes extending across the boiler tubes, said tubes being divided vertically into two banks across which the gases from said furnace flow, a header on each side of the boiler being at a higher elevation than the top of the bank of tubes and a header on each side of the boiler being lower than the bottom of the bank of tubes, each bank having the ends of its tubes bent respectively up and down to enter their respective headers and the ends of the two banks at the same side of the boiler being bent in opposite directions.

DAVID S. JACOBUS. WILLIAM A. JONES.

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