US1936545A - Boiler feed system - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 21, I933. F, WAGNER BOILER FEED SYSTEM Filed Jan. 19. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 NOV. 21, 1933. WAGNER 1,936,545

BOILER FEED SYSTEM Filed Jan. 19. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 6

lhvenforx Patented Nov. 21, 1933 UNITED STATES BOILER FEED SYSTEM Fritz Wagner, Berlin-Lichterfelde, Germany, as-

signor to Fritz Wagner and 00.,

Germany Berlin, 1

Application January 19, 1929, Serial No. 333,594, and in Germany October 1', 1928 4 Claims.

My system is preferably applied to the boilers of locomotives but I am not limited to such boil- .ers. I

.In boilers having .a throttle valve in a dome a separate dome must be provided to which the feed water is supplied by my system.

.The water delivered by the feeding appliance drops into the boiler from the dome, and is preferably discharged in close vicinity to the dome cover, that is, the feed pipe should open high up in the dome.

The water thus supplied to the dome by condensing the steam flowing in counter-current to it, immediately generates a zone of intense vacuum which is filled by the steam from the boiler at very high speed. The downflowing water and the upflowing steam which resembles a tornado, encounter in opposite directions, break up each other and eliect intense heat exchange.

In order to enhance the heat exchange means of any kind may beprovided in the dome by which the downfiowing water is further subdivided and its downward movement is delayed. In a preferred embodiment of my invention, a casing may be provided to which the water is supplied before it is discharged into the dome, the water entering such casing at one side thereof and being discharged from the casing at its centre. Thecasing may be made cylindrical, with a tangential inlet pipe, anda central discharge opening in its bottom, and, if desired, a spray nozzle may be secured below such opening through which the water is discharged into the steam space.

As mentioned the feed pipe should preferably open at as high a level as practicable in the dome so that steam and water will be in contact on a path of maximum length. It is further recommended to so design the opening of the pipe as to cause as many water particles as possible to get into contact with the steam, for instance to design the opening as a slot, or to connect the feed pipe with a perforated annular pipe, if the abovesaid casing is not provided.

The upward flow of the steam from the boiler into the dome is so intense that a very considerable percentage of the steam generated in the boiler, about 14 to 17 per cent, is rendered available for the treatment of the feed water.

My system is particularly suitable for locomotive boilers as it supplies the feed water to the water space of the boiler at such a high temperature that feeding does not bring about any appreciable reduction of temperature and consequently does not interfere with the steam generation.

In the accompanying drawings a system for a locomotive, with a reciprocatingpump, and feedwater heating by exhaust, is illustrated by way of example.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is an elevation of the locomotive showing the arrangement of the several units constituting my system, 7

Fig. 2 is a section of the dome into which the feed water is delivered, on a larger scale, with the aforesaid casing partly in section,

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the casing, partly in section, on the line IIIIII in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a detail of the casing,

Figs. 5 and 6 are axial sections of casings in which the jets from two pumps are discharged separately,

Referring now to the drawings, 1 is thesteam cylinder of a cold-water pump, 2 is its steam pipe, 3 is its suction pipe, 6 is a mixer to which the pump delivers, 5 is the exhaust pipe of the locomotive, 4 is a pipe supplying exhaust steam to the mixer 6 from the exhaust pipe, 8 is a pipe supplying the heated water to the hot-water pump '7, 9 is the delivery pipe of this pump, 10 is a dome to which the pipe 9 delivers, 11 is the normal dome in which the usual throttle valve, not shown, is provided, 12 is an upright pipe inside the dome 10 and connected to the pipe 9, and 13 is the delivery pipe of an injector, not shown, which delivery pipe also extends upwardly in the dome 10. 14 is a casing which is connected with, and supportedon, the pipes 12 and 13 by means of pipe connections 15 and 15, respectively, which are arranged tangentially with respect to the casing 14. 17 is a plate closing the casing at the bottom, 18 is a central opening in the plate, and 19 is a'spray nozzle secured below the opening 18.

As shown in Fig. 4 the pipe connections may be restricted at the point where they adjoin the casing 14 as indicated at so as to form a nozzle through which the water enters the casing.

When water is delivered to the casing through one of the pipe connections 15 or 16, as the case may be, it is deflected by the wall of the casing and first moves in a circular path along the inner wall of the casing which path gradually changes into a spiral toward the central opening 18 through which the water is discharged.

Whirling motion is imparted to the water in this manner and the particles of water in the issuing jet are therefore rotating at high velocity and tend to spread by centrifugal action. The nozzle 19 is not indispensible but is preferably provided in order to overcome the tendency of thejet to p ad. at too large an angle when issuing from loo the perforation 18 so that it will strike the walls of the dome which is not desirable. The nozzle 19 therefore serves for regulating the angle of the issuing jet.

It will be understood that the water is heated by contact with the hot walls of the casing 14 before issuing from the casing, or from the nozzle 19, as the case may be, and is then spread out by centrifugal action while being delivered into the steam space, and finely subdivided. In this condition it is subjected to intimate mixing with, and intense heating by, the steam which flows up in counter-current with the downflowing water.

The casing may be modified in various ways without departing from my invention. For instance, the bottom plate 17 may cast integrally with the casing, and the nozzle 19 may be cast integrally with the plate, and the casing may be provided with a detachable top plate for inspection, or the nozzle 19 may be forged out of the metal of the plate 17. Any number of perforations may be provided in the central region of the plate instead of a single perforation, and each may be provided with a nozzle 19 of its own. Nor am I limited to the circular shape of the casing, the tangential pipe connections, or to any other detail of the construction which has been shown and described by way of example.

Nor am I limited to the casing for distributing the Water while it is being discharged into the steam space, as any other means, not shown, as a perforated pipe, might be connected to the pipe 12, or 13, as mentioned'above.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate means provided on the casing 14 with the object of discharging separately the jets from two pumps.

The casing 14 is divided into two chambers 21 and 23. The pipe 15 opens into the chamber 21, the pipe 16 opens into the chamber 23. The chambers are closed by covers'22 and 24, respectively which at their centres have openings 25 and 26. The jet from the pipe 15 issues in upward direction, and the jet from the pipe 16 issues in downward direction.

The casing according to Fig. 6 is subdivided similarly but in this case the cover of the chamber 21 is closed. Instead the chamber 21 has a tubular extension 27 at its bottom which extends downwards through the chamber 23 and through an opening 28 in the cover 24. The opening 28 surrounds the extension 2'7 with some clearance. The water from the chamber 21 is discharged It will be understood that in the casing illus-.

trated in Figs. 2 to 4 the jets from the two pumps may interfere and generate irregular flow which in turn leads to back pressure and poor efficiency of the pumps.

In the casings illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 any trouble of this kind is eliminated as the flows from the several pumps-I am not limited to twoare kept strictly separate.

Instead of a pump, I may provide an injector in connection with my system, as mentioned, without departing from my invention.

I claim: v

1. A boiler having a casing in its steam space, a plurality of chambers in the casing each with an opening connecting it to the space, and a water supply pipe per chamber connected to its chamber in such manner as to impart whirling motion to the water in the chamber.

2. A boilerhaving a casing in its steam space, a plurality of chambers in the casing, each with an opening connecting it to the space and so arranged that the jets from the openings issue in various directions, and a water supply pipe per chamber connected to its chamber in such manner as to impart whirling motion to the water in the chambeix' 3. A boiler having a casing in its steam space, a plurality of chambers in the casing, each With an opening connecting it to the space, the openings of two of said chambers being co-axial, and a water supply pipe per chamber connected to its chamber in such manner as to impart whirling motion to the water in the chamber.

4. A boiler having a casing in its steam space, a plurality of chambers in the casing, each with an opening connecting it to the space, the openings of two of said chambers being arranged coaxially to each other, a tubular extension connected to the opening of one chamber and extending through the opening in the other, and a water supply pipe per chamber connected to its chamber in such manner as to impart whirling motion to the water in the chamber.

" FRITZ WAGNER.

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