US1934589A - Method of and apparatus for making reenforced sheets - Google Patents

Description

Npv. 7, 1933. w. H. cANNARD METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REENFORCED SHEETS Filed May l0, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l N09, 7, 1933. w H, CANNARD 1,934,589

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REENFORCED SHEETS Filed May 1o. 1929 s sheets-Sheet 2 3 Sheets-Sheet Nov. 7,1933. w. H. CANNARD METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REENFORCED SHEETS Filed May 10, 1929 UNI This inventio enforced sheets TEDl STATES rPiirrzlwrv OFFICE REENFORCED SHEETS METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING Williaml. Cannard, Green Bay, Wis. Application May 10, 1929. Serial No. 362,026

8 Claims.

n relates to improvements in reand method of and apparatus for making the same.

It has heretofore been proposed to make a re- 5 enforced paper sheet by inserting between two sheets of paper as scrim,

a layer of woven material, such an Yadhesive such as asphaltum being used to unite the components into the completed product. Such ture and is limited in is expensive to manufacits uses because it is not a sheet suiciently strong for all purposes.

It is an object of, my invention to produce a reenforced sheet of great strength, adapted to many uses, and which may be formed directly upon any well known chine.

type of paper making ma- Another object of the invention is to provide a reenforced sheet wherein the reenforcement material is securely embedded in the pulp from which the sheet is made, and thus is, in effect, an integral part' of the sheet.

Another object of the invention is to provide a reenforced sheet in which the reenforcement may be either in the rate threads.

form of a woven fabric or sepa- The invention also contemplates a method of producing a re set forth, and by enforced sheet of the character following which thesheet may be made directly upon'a paper making machine in a single continuous operation.

A further object of vide av method the invention is to proof making reenforced sheets in first deposited upon the traveling screen of any well known type of paper Still another provide apparatus for including means .for upon the traveling screen machine, means for applying pulp a layer offor depositing upon second layer of Still another a layer Vof reenforcing material the layer of pulp, and of pulp is deposited thus formed.

making a reenforced sheet, depositing a layer of pulp of a 'paper making to said layer of reenforcing material,` and` means the structure thus formed a pulp.

object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for making a reenforced sheet which is plying means between f of supply of reenforcing provided with spaced pulp supwhich is located a source material, mechanism being provided for feeding the reenforcing material to the layer of pulp means.

lpulp supplying A further ob depositedby one of said ject of the invention isto provide an apparatus of the character set foi th in which separate threads may be incorporated in a sheet of paper which is being formed upon the machine during the4 process of its formation, the said threads serving to reenforce the sheet and being thoroughly embedded therein.

Other objects of my inventionand themany advantages thereof will in part be obvious'V and in part more fully brought out as the description proceeds. 65

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated two practical embodiments of an apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention and upon which a reenforced sheet of the character described may be manufactured in ac- 7 cordance with the method set forth above. It is to be understood that these drawings are illustrative merely, and that the invention is in no way to be construed as limited to the details of construction therein disclosed. The invention is susceptible of a wide range of f modication and equivalency without sacrificing the salient features thereof, or departing from the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.

In these drawings:

vFig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine constructed in accordance with my invention, and showing particularly the arrangement of pulp supplying means and reenforcing material supplying means, vas applied to a Fourdrlnier ma.- chine of standard construction;

Fig. 2 is a view inside elevation of the feed rolls for applying the reenforcing material;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary front elevation of the structure illustrated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of a reenforced sheet made in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 5 is a partial view, in side elevation, of a modification and illustrating particularly the mechanism for applying reenforcing material in the form of individual threads.

Fig. 6 is a broken front elevation of a shaker frame employed in connection with the aparatus illustrated in Fig. 5; l

Fig. 'I is a detached frame;

Fig. 8 is a view in side elevation of the mechanism for applying threads to reenforce the sheet and showing the mechanism for imparting reciprocating movement to the shaker frame illustrated in Fig..6;

Fig. 9 is a plan view, on a reduced scale, of the thread applying mechanism and showing, mQl'Q Ol less diagrammatically, the operation of 110 view of a bobbin supporting the mechanism for imparting waves to the individual threads and Fig. 10 is a detail of a thread guide.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, I have illustrated so much of an ordinary Fourdrinier paper making machine as-is required to be shown for the purposes of my invention and including a Fourdrinier wire Il trained about a breastl roll 12. The reference numeral 13 indicates the usual deckle strap.

nUpon each side of the Fourdrinier Wire nearv the breast roll I have provided a pair of frames 14 supported upon suitable standards 15, the frames 14 being vertically adjustable in the standards by means of reversely threaded rods 16 provided with xed adjusting nuts 17.

Each of the frames 14 supports a pulp container and supplying device 18 which is in the form of a cylinder extending across the Fourdrinier wire 11, each container being provided with a discharge opening through which pulp may be deposited upon the wire. The pulp containers 18 are adjustable vertically with respect to the wire 11 by adjustment of the threaded rods 16.' The discharge openingsin the containers 18 areadjustable as to length and width by mechanism more fully described in my copending application SerialNo. 356,444, led April 19, 1929. It is sufflcient for the purposes of the present application to state that the width of the discharge opening -may be adjusted by compressing the side walls of the cylinder, this being accomplished by means of a shaft 19 operated through a worm wheel 20 which is rotated by a hand wheel 21. The length of the discharge openings is adjusted by means of suitable plugs which are caused to traverse the discharge openings by manipulation of a hand wheel 22, all as described in my said copending application.

Each of the pulp supply units as thus described' is operative to deposit upon the Fourdrinier wire 11 a quantity of pulp, the deposition of the pulp being under suillcieniJ pressure to overcome any tendency to ow occasioned by the movement of the wire 11.

Positioned adjacent the wire 11 and between the frames 14 is a suitable supporting standard 23, there being one such standard at each side of the wire, and which are provided at their upper ends with bearings 24 in which is rotatably mounted a roll 25 of reenforcing material. The bearings 24 are of the split type, to facilitate insertion and removal of rolls of reenforcing material. The reenforcing material may be of any type of loosely woven textile fabric, such for example as scrim, and the character of the material may be varied in accordance with the typeof reenforced paper that is to be produced.

Between the roll of reenforcing material and one of the pulp supplying units, I have mounted a mechanism for withdrawing reenforcing material from the roll and depositing the same upon the wire l1. This mechanism is fully illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, and comprises suitable standards 26 in which are journaled two feed rolls 27 and 27a. The upper roll 27 is mounted in a iioating bearing 28 which may be adjusted by manipulation of a hand-wheel 29, and a spring 30 is introduced to insure tight contact of the rolls 27 and 27a. The upper roll 27 is preferably provided with a covering 31 of rubber or like material, and the lower roll 27a is preferably of metal or other hard material. The rolls 27 and 27a are further provided with intermeshing gears 32 and. 33 whereby they are rotated in opposite directions,

rotation being imparted from any suitable source through a convenient belt 34.

As is indicated in Fig. 2, the reenforcing material R is drawn from the roll 25 and passes around the upper roll 27, thence through the bight between the rolls 27 and v27, and then around the lower roller 27, and is thus deposited upon the wire 11.

By the mechanism just described, it is believed that my method of forming a reenforced sheet will be quite clear to those skilled in the art. PulpA is discharged upon the wire 11 -from the first of the pulp supply units 18, and as the wire travels to the right, as viewed in Fig. 1, the reenforcing material R is deposited upon this layer of pulp. The structure thus formed is carried' bythe wire l1 under the second pulp supply unit 18, and there a second layer of pulp is deposited. The result is that the structure is composed of two layers of pulp with a reenforcing material between them, and inasmuch as this-structure is formed directly upon the machine, it will be quite clear that the pulp will entirely 1Lill-the interstices of the reenforcing material and, thus, in effect completely embed the same in the sheet. Thus, the reenforcing material becomes an integral part of the sheet asformed in accordance with my method. This sheet is illustrated in the partial sectional view in Fig. 4, in which the rst layer of pulp is indicated by the referencecharacter P', the reenforcing material by R, and the upper or second layer of pulp by the reference-character P2. A sheet thus formed is of great strength in all directions and isuseful for a great variety of purposes, and is more readily and more cheaply manufactured than reenforced sheets heretofore devised.

In Figs. 5 to 10, inclusive, I have illustrated a modification of my invention in which individual reenforcing threads are incorporated in the sheet as distinguished from the woven fabric which is incorporated in the sheet heretofore described.

By referring to Fig. 5, it will be seen that this modification includes essentially a suitable supporting structure 35 for a plurality of bobbins 36 each of which is mounted upon a spindle 37 for p easy rotation. The spindles are held in position by' means of bifurcated spring latches 38 which bear against the bottom of the bobbins. 'Ihe reenforcing threads of each of the bobbins 36 pass through suitable guides 39 to a mechanism for applying the threads to the rst layer of pulp which has been deposited upon the Fourdrinier wire.

Mounted upon a suitable part of the framework of the machine are standards 40 which support a bar 41 provided with a plurality of thread guides 42 similar in construction to the guides 39. The construction of the thread guides is best shown in Fig. 10, and it will lbe seen that the eye isformed by bending the material of the guide in three different planes, thus facilitating ease of threading. The reenforcing threads pass from the guides 42 to a reciprocating bar 43, the construction and operation of which will now be described.

The bar 43 is provided with a plurality of thread guides 44 similar to the guides 39 and 42 heretofore described, and which are secured to the bar by means of suitable pins 45. The bar 43 is suspended from arms 46 which are pivoted eccentrics 48 which are connected to the bar 43 by meansof cranks 49. Rotary motion is imparted to the eccentrics 48 through shafts 50 yjournaled in brackets 51 and provided at one end with pinions *52Awhich'receive their. motion from a suitable gear on the feed mechanism now to be described.

The feedmechanism for drawing the threads from the bobbins 35 and depositing them upon the rst layer ofplup, includesI three feed rolls `53, 54 and 55. The upper roll 53 is mounted in A a floating bearingy 56 in the same manner as is the roll 27, heretofore described. 'This roll may also be of the same construction as the roll-2'?, in that it is preferably provided with a cover of `rubber or other 'n'fiateriaL`- The rolls 54 and 55 are provided with sprockets 57 and 58, respectively, about which is trained a sprocket chain 59 whereby these two rolls are rotated in the same direction. Upon the shaft of the roll 54 is a suitable gear 60 which drives the pinions 52 heretofore described.

By referring to Fig. 8, the path of travel of the reenforcing threads will be clear. The thread indicated by T, after leaving the guides 44 on the reciprocating bar 43, passes between the rollers 53 and 54 and follows the circumference of the roller 54 until it reaches the bight between the roller 54 and the roller 55. Inasmuch as these two last-mentioned rolls rotate in the same direction, the thread will then follow the contour of the roll 55 and will be deposited upon the wire 11, as clearly shown in Fig. 8. By the mechanism just described, a plurality of individual threads may be incorporated into a reenforced sheet, a wavy eiect being imparted to the threads and thus producing a reenforcement which is quite similar to the woven fabric which has been heretofore described. Fig. 9 illustrates completely the action of the mechanism which imparts the wavy effect to the threads, and it is believed that this operation will be quite clear to those skilled in the art.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that I have provided a novel form of reenforced sheet in which the reenforcing material may be either woven fabric or individual threads, and

in either case the reenforcement is directly embedded in`the pulp from which the sheet is formed and is, thus, an integral part thereof. I have also provided a novel type of apparatus for Amanufacturing the reenforced sheet, in

which pulp is supplied to the traveling wire of a paper making machine from two sources which are suitably spaced and between which is'located a source of supply of reenforcing material. Where it is desired to incorporate an alreadywoven fabric, the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 1 will be used, and in which case the reenforcing material is supplied from a supply roll which is located between two pulp supplying devices. Where individual threads are to be incorporated in the sheet,the mechanism illustrated in Figs. 5 to 10 is employed; that is to say, a plurality of bobbins containing the reenforcing thread are located between the two pulp supplying devices, the thread being drawn from the. bobbins by the feed mechanism described, and having imparted to it a wavy effect by reason of the reciprocation of the thread guide described.

While in the appended drawings and in the foregoing specification I have described my invention as being adapted particularly to a socalled Fourdrinier paper making machine, it will be readily understood and appreciated that my apparatus may be equally well associated with any other type of paper making machine, suchA ltainers mounted in spaced relation above said screen to deposit pulp layers thereon, a plurality o. bobbins of reenforcing thread mounted between said pulp-containers, means to draw reenforcing threads from said bobbins and apply them between the pulp layers deposited by the said pulp-containers, and means to impart a wavy effect to said threads.

2. Apparatus for makingreenforced paper including a traveling screen,- a pair of spaced pulpcontainers juxtaposed to said screen and for depositing. pulp thereon, means between said containers for supporting a plurality of bobbins of reenforcing thread, a pluralityof feed-rolls for drawing thread from said bobbins and introducing it between the pulp layers, a bar provided with thread guides through which said thread passes, and means to reciprocate said bar to impart a wavy effect to the thread.

3. Apparatus for making reenforced paper including a traveling screen, a pair of spaced pulpcontainers juxtaposed to said screen for depositing layers of pulp thereon, means between said containers for supporting a plurality of bobbins of reenforcing thread, a plurality of feed-rolls for drawing thread from said bobbins and introducing it between said pulp layers, a bar provided with thread guides through which said thread passes, means to rotate said feed-rolls, and means to translate the rotary motion of said feed-rolls into reciprocating motion of said bar, whereby a wavy effect is imparted to the thread.

4. The herein described method of making a reenforced paper sheet having an integral character which includes the step of depositing downwardly from above a layer of pulp upon a forming screen and, immediately thereafter, before the flbers of such pulp layer have become set, depositing successively thereon spaced reenforcing elements and a second pulp layer likewise deposited so that the fibers of the two pulps layers will intermingle with each other in the vspaces between the reenforcing elements and in setting will cause the two pulp layers to .become united in an integral whole.

5. The herein described method of making a e pulp layers will intermingle with each other in the spaces between the reenforcing elements and in setting will cause the two pulp layers to become united in an integral whole.

6. Apparatus for making reenforced paper including a. traveling forming screen, a pair of pulp containers mounted in close proximity to each other above said screen for depositing successive layers of pulp upon the screen, the relationship between said pulp containers being such that a second pulp layer will be deposited upon' supply of reenforcing material mounted between,

said pulp depositing means, and a pair of feed rolls for drawing reenforcing materials from said source of supply and feeding the same between the successive pulp layers.

8. The herein described method of making a reeni'orced paper sheet having an integral character which includes the steps of depositing at several points upon a traveling forming screen a pulp suspension, and introducing intermediate-A ly thereof-spaced reenforcing elements, said reenforcing elements being fed onto the screen to avoid longitudinal tension upon the pulp, the several pulp deposits being made in rapid succession so that the bers of the iirst pulp layer will intermngle completely with the fibers of the subsequent pulp layer through the spaces between the reenforcing elementsA to produce an integral sheet, the internal strength and cohesion of which throughout the iinal 'productis the same as the strength and cohesion of either of the pulp layers when taken by themselves.

WILLIAMH. CANNARD.

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