US1934067A

US1934067A - Method for pyrolytic conversion of petroleum oils

Info

Publication number: US1934067A
Application number: US401660A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frank A Howard
Original assignee: Standard Oil Development Co
Current assignee: Standard Oil Development Co
Priority date: 1929-10-23
Filing date: 1929-10-23
Publication date: 1933-11-07
Anticipated expiration: 1950-11-07

Description

Nov. 7, 1933. F. A. HOWARD 1,934,067

METHOD FOR PYROLYTIC CONVERSION OF PETROLEUM OILS Filed OCC. 23, 1929 INVENTOR ATTOR N EY Patented Nov. 7, 1933 PATENT oEEicE METHOD FOR PYROLYTC CONVERSEON F PETROLEUM OILS Frank A. Howard, Elizabeth, N. J., assigner to Standard Oil Development Company Application October 23, 1929. Serial No. L101,661)

2 Claims.

This invention relates to the cracking of petroleum oils in equipment comprising a heating conduit discharging into a thermally insulated digestion chamber or soaking drum. The pres-- ent application is a continuation in part of my prior application Serial No. 202,191 led June 29, 1927.

I have found that the conversion efficiency of such systems may be materially increased and the formation of troublesome carbonaceous deposits in the drum decreased by maintaining a local circulation in the drinn.

The invention will be fully understood from the following description, read in connection with the accompanying drawing, in Which:

Fig. 1 is a `diagrammatic vertical section through equipment suitable for carrying out my method, and;

Figs. 2 and 3 are views similar to Fig. 1 showing alternative forms of the equipment.

Reference numeral 1 in each gure designates a rebrick setting heated by any suitable means. Fresh oil is supplied through inlet pipe 2 to heating conduit 3, which consists preferably of a series of tubes joined end to end by crossover connections to form a continuous circuit. Heating conduit 3 discharges through pipe 4 into digesting chamber or soaking drum .5 surrounded by thermal insulation 6. 7 is a line for the continuous withdrawal of the cracked product, and is the only outlet for permanent discharge of the product (vapor, liquid, or both) from the drum. A pressure control Valve 'l' is installed in line y7. The cracked product is fractionated and condensed in any suitable Way.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1 a pipe 8 communicates with the soaking drum at a point near the top thereof. A pump 9 may be operated to continuously draw oil through pipe 8' into pipe 10, which in turn discharges back into soaking drum 5.

Referring specifically to Fig. 2, a rotatable propeller 11 is attached to shaft 12, actuated by motor 13. 14 is a stuffing box through which shaft 12 enters the drum and 15 is a draft tube (Cl. 19E-51) to cause the material propelled to traverse a substantial part of the length of the drum to maintain the desired circulation.

Referring specifically to Fig. 3, a jet 16 is arranged to discharge the heated material from conduit 3 into drum 5. k17 represents a draft tube or pipe and 18 a Venturi throat which, however, may be dispensed with. This form of the invention is generally to be preferred.

The circulation of oil and/or oil vapor in the drum is preferably continuous throughout the cracking period. Since methods of operating coil and drum installations of the type described are Well known (except as to the local circulation in the drum), no description of such methods is required here.

While l have described my invention in conjunction vith certain specific forms of apparatus, it will be understood that it is not limited thereto but covers broadly `any cracking system in 5 which oils are caused to flotv under pressure in a continuous stream through a heating zone in Which they are heated to cracking temperature and are subsequently transferred to a soaking or digesting chamber in which the temperature is not raised and a positive local circulation oi the contents of the chamber is maintained.

WhatI claim is:

l. The process of cracking petroleum oil which comprises heating a stream of the oil to a cracking temperature in an elongated narrow heating zone, passing the heated oil into a thermally insulated enlarged digestion zone wherein cracking occurs, continuously conducting a stream of the oil Within the digestion` Zone from a part of said digestion zone to another part, said stream being out of direct contact with the main body of the oil undergoing cracking, and continuously withdrawing all of the fluid products from the digestion zone in a single stream. 95

2. Process according to claim 1 in which the heated oil is discharged into the stream out of direct contact with the main body of oil yin the digestion Zone.

FRANK A. HOWARD.