US1931615A

US1931615A - Fastening inserting machine

Info

Publication number: US1931615A
Application number: US524589A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lester S Macdonald
Original assignee: United Shoe Machinery Corp
Current assignee: United Shoe Machinery Corp
Priority date: 1931-03-23
Filing date: 1931-03-23
Publication date: 1933-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 1950-10-24

Description

1933- 1.. s. MACDONALD FASTENING INSERTING MACHINE Filed March 23, 1931 F i g. l

5 Sheets-Sheet l 1933- 1.. s. MACDONALD FASTENING INSERTING MACHINE Filed March 25, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 1933- L. s. MACDONALD FASTENING INSERTING MACHINE Filed March 25, '1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 0d. 24, 1933. MACDQNALD 1,931,615

nus-mama mssnwme momma Filed March 25, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig.5.

Oct. 24, 1933. MACDONALD 1,931,615

FASTENING INSERTING MACHINE Fig.5

' ll atenteel Got. 2 1933 rAsrsNmo mssa'rmo I IM-ACHINE lLest-er SiMac-dcnald, Beverly, Mass, assignor to United since l llachinery Corporation, Paterson, N. J., a corporation ofv New Jersey Application Mar-ch33, 1931. Serial No. 524,589

24 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements inmaohines for inserting wire f-astenings such, for ex ample, as those used for attaching to each other pieces of leather or other shoe stock.

5 An important field of use of my invention is in machines for inserting wire fastenings of the type disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 1,804,396, granted MaylZ, 1931, upon an application filed in the name of MIF; Brogan. This fastening comprises a piece or" curved wire'which is inserted so as to extend beneaththe surface of the Work, entering and emerging atthe same 'face' thereof and being clenched thereon atone or both ends. In one aspect the presentinven- 5 tion consists in a machine for inserting such fastenings constructed and arranged to handle wire of relatively small diameter in a new and improved manner by which the accuracy and speed of the inserting operation are improved as compared with that of machines heretofore available.

Difliculty has been experienced heretofore in driving Wire of this character on account of "the fact that a driver passage of the proper dimensions for the wire does not permit the use of a driver of sufficient diameter and strength for the practical requirements of the machine-and, accordingly, various'expedients have been resorted to for gripping the sides of the wire and advancing it while thus held rather than driving it 'by end engagement. lhe present invention provides an improved construction by which fastening wire of a much smaller diameter can be driven by end engagement than has been practical in chines heretofore To this end, an important feature of the invention consists in 'wire inserting mechanism including an opensided or channel wire passage, means for closing the passage and a'driver guided for movement in a path adjacent to the passage and having an offset portion projecting through saidmeans and into the passage, whereby movement of the driver in said passage progressively opens said wire passage. By this construction the driver may he made sufficiently large and strong to withstand the duty imposed upon it, while the dimensions of the oifset driving portion may-be reduced to correspond with the limited dimensionsof the Wire passage.

It is important positively to confine the wire throughout its movement in the wire passage to prevent buckling or distortion thereof and to accommodate a driver of the character above outlined it is also necessary that at 'least'a portion of the passage should be continuouslyopen driving point.

to admit the offset portion ofthe driver. This problem is solved in accordance with my invention by providing movable means for closing that portion of the wire passage opposite to the wire which it contains. As herein shown, the closing means is arranged to progressin its movement along the passage as the driver is-advanced and, as another important feature of the invention, the'driver itself is arranged to control the action of the closing meansanarrangement which results in direct andaccurate control of these important elements ofthe mechanism.

(Ether features of my invention relate to mechanism for controlling the-wire adjacent to its point of insertion in the work. A supplementary covering member is provided at the delivery end of the wire passage, and this is arranged to be displaced by the driver at the conclusion or" the driving operation after it has served its purpose of confining the wire throughout its'movement. Such construction permits the wire passage to be brought into close proximity to the surface of the work and at the-same time affords-space for positioning a deflecting member within range of the passage and for the movement-of a clenching tool or tools to operate upon the upstanding ends of-the driven fastening.

The iechanism above described, which permits the employment of wire of small diameter inthe insertion of a curved Wire fastening by end engagement; also permits severing of the moved from thework. By associating this construction with wire feeding mechanism of variable and adjustable action, the length'of'the fastening may be conveniently controlled in accordance with the requirements of the work.

Prefera'oly'and' as herein shown, a deflecting member is provided which is movablefrom an operative position in range of the driver passage to inoperative position removed from the The operation of the deflector and of the severing knife and also'of the clench- "ing tools is preferably effected from asingle actuator such, for example, as'a rack bar having suitahle cam tracks therein. "This constitutes one desirable form of mechanism which may be relied upon for the accurate timing of theseimportant parts of the mechanism.

These and other features of the invention will 0 be best understood and appreciated from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof, selected for purposes of illustration and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a view of the machine in side elevation;

, Fig:, 2 is a detail view in perspective of a portion of thehorn operating mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a view of the machine head, on an enlarged scale, in elevation with parts broken away;

Fig. 4 is a front View of the machine head with parts broken away;

Fig. 5 is a view of the machine head in vertical section on the line V--V of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a view in perspective of the throat mechanism adjacent the driving point;

Fig. '7 is a front view, on an enlarged scale, of the mechanism in the machine head adjacent the driving point;

Fig. 8 is a similar View with parts shown in the position they occupy at the end of the driving operation;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the throat mechanism on the line IX-IX of Fig. 13;

Fig. 10 is a view in perspective of the driver mechanism;

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 8 with the machine parts shown in the position they occupy at the conclusion of the clenching operation; and

Figs. 12 and 13 are views in elevation of the throat mechanism.

In the drawings, two layers of

stock

100 and 101, for example a piece of upper leather and a piece of sole leather, are shown as secured to- 'gether by a curved metallic fastening 99 driven through the layer 100 into the layer 101 and caused to emerge from the layer 100 through the same face from which it entered and without reaching the lower face of the layer 101. The ends of the fastening 99 are clenched upon the upper surface of the layer 100, as best shown in Fig. 11.

As illustrated herein, the two layers of stock are clamped between a jack or horn 46 and a presser member or abutment 62. The abutment member 62 is provided with a wire guiding channel into which the wire is fed from a supply reel and in which it is severed to form a blank of the proper length for the fastening operation. The piece of wire thus formed is driven downwardly in a path oblique to the surface of the work, being closely confined throughout its passage. As it enters the upper surface of the work, it is deflected so that it enters the work in a curved path, passing through the two layers of work and emerging at a point spaced from that at which it entered. At the conclusion of the driving operation, the abutment is elevated, as suggested in Fig. 11, and cooperating bending members are then advanced to clench both ends of the inserted fastening. Having outlined the operation of the machine in a general way, its construction will now be more particularly described.

The machine frame comprises a column 10 carrying bracket members 12 which rigidly support the head frame 13 which is shaped not only to support the driving mechanism but to encase and protect it. The main shaft 14 of the machine is journaled in the head frame, being provided at its forward end with a hand wheel 15 and serving at its rear end as a journal for a pulley 16 by which the machine is driven. The pulley 16, as shown in Fig. 3, is provided with a hub to which is keyed the female or cancav member 17 of a driving clutch. The cone of the clutch 18 is keyed to the shaft 1 but is longitudinally movable thereon to permit of engaging and disengaging the clutch. It is provided with a hub 19 against the end of which bears a heavy compression spring 21 tending at all times to move the clutch cone into engagement so that the shaft 14 shall be rotated.

In the hub 19 of the clutch cone is journaled a ring 20 having trunnions by which it is connected to the upper end of a shipper lever 22. The shipper lever at its lower end is connected through a pair of toggle links 24: and 25 to one part 26 of a two-part cam lever. The other part of the cam lever 27 extends upwardly and is provided with a cam roll 28 which runs upon an annular cam surface formed upon the rear face of a cam 29 fast to the shaft 14. The shipper lever 22 is mounted to rock about a stud 23 projecting from the head frame and a tension spring 31 tends always to move the toggle links 24 and 25 into their aligned position, as shown in Fig. 3,

wherein they operate as a strut between the cam lever and the shipper lever, so that when the of which is formed as a pawl to engage a tooth on the link 25 and maintain the toggle in straightened position and the other part of which is connected through a short link to a rocker member 32. The rear arm of the rocker member carries a hardened wear piece with which is associated a pivoted tripping member 34 carried by a head 35 secured to the upper end of a vertical treadle rod 36. depressed, the rocker member 32 by this connection is moved in a clockwise direction, the pawl 30 is disengaged from the link 25, and the toggle is broken downwardly so that the lower end of the shipper lever 22 is permitted to move toward the left and the clutch is engaged by the action of the compression spring 21.

In order to insure a one-revolution action of the clutch, a hold-out rod 37 is arranged in' position to engage the upper end of the tripping member 34 and hold it in an inoperative position immediately after the machine is started. To this end, the hold-out rod 37 is connected toa cam arm 38 depending from a stud 39 in the head frame and arranged to be swung toward the right, as seen in Fig. 3, by a cam 40 upon the rear end of a driven shaft 42, which will be presently described.

The horn or jack is supported upon the column 10 by a bracket 44 and includes a verticallymovable horn spindle as provided at its upper end with a horn top or work support. The vertical position of the horn is controlled by a lever 47 pivotally mounted in the bracket having a forked rear end. One branch of the horn lever 47 is connected through a yielding connection to a treadle rod 56 which extends downwardly to a treadle in the base of the machine. It will be seen that by depressing the treadle 50 the To this end, the toggle link 24 carries a pivotally-mounted bell crank lever 30, one part ,When the treadle rod is horn lever 47 is connected to the'lower end of a-vertical: rod: 48 which extends upwardly and is connected at its upper end to one arm 52 of a cam lever journaled: upon a stud 55 which is mounted on vthe upper side of the head frame. The other arm 53 of the cam lever extends downwardly and is provided with a cam roll 54, as shown in- Fig. 3, which: runs in a suitably-shaped cam. track in the forward face of the cam 29, already mentioned The contour of the cam track is such; that when the machine is set in operation the lever 525 3 is rocked in a clockwise direction, as seen in Fig. 5, and the rod 48;,is thereby moved downwardly tomaintain the horn automatically but yieldingly in elevated zgosition with the work clamped under pressure between the horn top and the abutment 62.

7 While I prefer to employ the starting and stopping mechanism and the horn mechanism herein described, these mechanisms in themselves; form no part of my invention but they have not heretofore been employed in combination with mechanism for forming, driving and clenchinglcurved wire fastenings of the character herein disclosed.

The head frame l3.has a forwardly and downwardly projecting rib or bracket portion to which is secured a transversely disposed plate 61 upon which are mounted the operative instrumentalities of themachine by which the wire is fed, cut olf, driven, and clenched upon the work. The abutment, member 62 comprises a stationary elongated block which is bolted to the plate 61 and provided at its lower end with a horizontal work-engaging face located in alignment withand above the horn 46. Secured to the face of the-abutment member is a cover plate '70, in the lower-face ofl which is provided an open channel or passage '71 for the wire. A longitudinal bore is provided in the abutment member 62 adjacent to and beneath the wirepassage '71 and in this bore is rotatably mounted an elongated cylindrical sleeve 64 having a spiral groove 66 therein. Thesleeve 64 is provided with a circular flange at its upper-end and this is received within a circular recess formed inthe upper end of the abutment member 62 and closed by a cover plate 63. The sleeve 64, therefore, is free to rotate in the abutment but is held against longitudinal movement.

Fittingwithin the bore of the sleeve 64 is a cylindrical driver 67 which at its lower end carries a block 68 slidingly received within the spiral groove 66 and. provided with a projecting rib 69 of such, dimensions as to enter and fill the wire passage '71 and in length corresponding to the width of the slot 66, as shown in Fig. 10. At its upper, end the driver is secured by a clamping bolt 107 in a driver bar 106 which is reciprocated by mechanism presently to be described.

It willbe seen that the cylindrical surface of the sleeve 64 closes the lower side of the wire passage '71 in the cover plate 70 except where it is crossed by the spiral slot 66. Opposite this slot, however, the wire passage is closed by the block 68 of the driver and the projecting rib 69 which, as already explained, projects into the driver passage and is theelement which actually engages and advances the wireblank after it has been severed. The end walls of the block 68are inclined and shaped to fit between the spiral edges of the slot 66 so that when the driver 67 is reciprocated the sleeve 6e. is rotated in one direction or the other. In the travel of the projecting driving rib 69 along the. driver passage, therefore, the lower open side of the passage is kept continuously closed by the cylindrical surface of the sleeve 64. It will be noted that this construction permits the driver 6'7 and the block 68 to be of sufficiently large dimensions to afiford adequate strength whereas the projecting rib 69 which is carried by the driver in offset relation may be of the relatively delicate construction required to fit the small wire passage.

The wire 102 is directed into the upper endof the wire passage 71 through a short vertical bore in the flange of a second coverplate 58 secured to the abutment member 62 above the cover plate '20. The wire reaches this passage after passing through a curved slot formed in the lower edge of an auxiliary plate 59 bolted to the carrier plate 61, as best shown in Fig. '7. The lower edge of the auxiliary plate 59 is curved and a wire passage is formedby milling a curved slot therein and providing a transverse pin 72 to prevent accidental displacement of the wire. Under usual conditions, the natural spring of the wire in leaving the feed rolls will cause it to follow the inner wall of the wire passage.

The wire feed comprises a pair of cooperating rolls 73 and '74. Of these the lower roll '73 is an idle presser roll, being mounted upon a journal stud 80 which projects from an arm 81 pivotally mounted upon a stud 114 projecting from the carrier plate 61. A compression spring 92'bears against the outer end of the arm 81 and normally presses the roll '73 toward the roll 74 to engage the wire 102 firmly between the two.

The roll '74 is positively rotated in an intermittent manner and in steps of adjustable length to advance the wire. To this end, a shaft '75 is journaled in the carrier plate 61 and this in turn rotatably supports the feed wheel 74. Fast to the shaft 75 is a pinion 7 6 arranged to mesh with and be oscillated by a gear segment 34: disposed beneath it. A yoke member '78 is also secured to the shaft '75 and this carries between its upwardlyextending arms a pawl 77 which cooperates with a ratchet disk secured to or forming a part of the pinion '76. Accordingly, as the pinion 76 and yoke 78 are oscillated by the segment 8 the pawl '77 drives the ratchet disk ahead and the wire is advanced between the two rolls.

The driving segment 84 is secured to the forward end of the longitudinally-extending shaft 42 journaled in the lower portion of the head frame and already referred to, in its relation to the clutch mechanism. Secured to the shaft 42 in an intermediate position is an outwardly and upwardly-extending slotted arm 86 and this is adjustably connected through. a link 87 to the lower end of a cam lever 88 journaled on a fulcrum stud 90 which is mounted between ears projecting from the upper portion of the head frame. The cam lever 88 carries a cam roll 89 arranged to run in a cam track in the rear face of a cam disk 91 secured to the main shaft 14 of the machine. The cam track is so designed as to swing the. cam lever 88 in a clockwise direction, as seen in Fig. 5, early in the cycle of operations of the machine, thereby the arm 86 is rocked to swing the driving segment 84- in an anti-clockwise direction and thus to advance the feed roll 74. The amplitude of movement of the feed roll and, consequently, the length of the wire feed, is adjustably controlled by varying the point or" connec" tion of the link 87 with the slotted arm 86, the feed being decreased as the point of connection is brought nearer to the axis of the shaft 42.

Wire is supplied to the feed rolls 73 and 74 through a curved tube 110 from a reel 111. which is supported by a bracket secured to the upper portion of the head frame. The wire 102 in leaving the reel 111 passes upwardly and about an idle tension roll 112 of construction common in wire handling machines.

The wire, which is in a continuous length up to the point of its delivery to the short passage in the cover plate 58 of the abutment member 62, is severed into blanks of the required length by mechanism which will now be described. The cover plates 58 and are spaced so as to receive the end of a wire knife 95. This knife is square at its end, cooperatingwith the end face of the second cover plate 58 in shearing the wire, and is also provided in its end face with a short channel which, in the final position of the knife, constitutes in effect a continuation of the wire passage 71. In other words, as the knife 95 is moved inwardly from the position shown in Fig. 11 to the position shown in Fig. 8, it first shears the wire and then carries the severed end of the blank into alignment with the passage 71 where it positions it until advanced by the driving rib 69. The wire knife 95 is adjustably secured by a clamping bolt 96 to the lower end of a knife arm 94 fast upon a short shaft 97 journaled in the carrier plate 61. At its rear or inner end the shaft 97 carries an upstanding cam arm 93 provided with a cam roll 93 arranged to run in a cam slot formed in the face of a vertical cam bar 104. The cam track is of such shape as to rock the arm 98 to advance the wire knife for the shearing operation and is then provided with a dwell which maintains the wire knife in its inner position until the driving operation has carried the upper end of the wire blank into the wire passage 71.

The cam bar 104 is guided for vertical movement in bearings suitably provided in the head frame and is provided with an intermediate yoke section which straddles the main shaft 14. It is also provided with a cam roll 105 arranged to run in a cam track formed in the forward face of the cam disk 91, already mentioned.

The driver bar 106 is mounted to reciprocate in an inclined guideway formed in a face plate 108 which is bolted to the front face of the head frame 13. It is provided near its upper end with a notch to receive the outer end of a cam lever 115 mounted to oscillate upon a fulcrum stud 117 mounted between ears projecting from the head frame. The cam lever 116 is provided with a cam roll 118 arranged to run in a cam track provided in the front face of a cam disk 119 fast to the main shaft 14. The cam track is so designed as to advance the driver at the proper time in the cycle of the machine with a motion which is accelerated during the insertion of the fastener.

The desc "iption will now pass to those elements of the machine which operate adjacent to the point of insertion of the fastener. The abutment member 62 is beveled inwardly at its lower end to reduce the area of the work-engaging surface and it is also forked transversely at its lower end, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 12. The end sur face between the forks of the abutment member is disposed substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis thereof and the end surface of the sleeve 64 lies in the plane of this surface. The cover plate 70 projects beyond the intermediate end surface of the abutment member 62 so that the under side of the driver passage is not closed by the surface of the sleeve 64 in this space or beyond the end of the sleeve. It is of importance positively to control the wire in its movement through this'space and to this end there is provided a nozzle piece 120 in the form of a bent plate pivotally mounted upon a stud 121 which projects from the forward side of the abutment member 62. The plate extends downwardly and then is bent twice so that its free end 122 extends beneath and across the lower face of the cover plate 70.

The end or cover portion 122, therefore, supplements the sleeve in closing the lower surface of the driver passage throughout its entire length, that is to say, to the end of the cover plate 70. The plate 120 is normally maintained in its inner position by a leaf spring 123 secured to the outer face of the abutment member 62 and is forced outwardly against the action of this springnear the conclusion of the driving operation by being engaged by the driver block 68. The end of the driver block is beveled for this purpose and as the block emerges from the lower end of the sleeve 64 it acts as a cam to swing the cover end 122 of the plate toward the left from the position shown in Fig. 12 to the position shown in Fig. 13. The open side of the driver passage 71 is thus 'uncovered just in advance of the driving rib 69,with the result that the wire being driven is positively controlled. throughout the driving operation.

The cover plate 70 terminates slightly above the surface of the work 100 and a curved deflector member 12 i is arranged to be located at this point for the purpose of curving the wire as it emerges from the driver passage and directing it into the work in a curved path. The deflector 124 is mounted upon the free end of an arm 125 which has a large circular recess in its hub in which is received a pinion 126, the tooth ends of which collectively constitute a journal member about which the deflector arm 125 is arranged to swing. The pinion 128 is eccentrically mounted upon a stationary stud 115 which projects from a portion of the carrier plate 61. The pinion 126 meshes at its upper side with a horizontallydisposed rack 127 arranged to slide in ways in the plate 61 and having a slip connection with an inclined rack 227 also mounted in the plate 61. At its upper end the rack 227 meshes with a pinion 128 fast to a shaft 129 to which is'secured an adjusting arm130. The arm 130 is arranged to swing over a graduated segment 131 and to be retained thereon in any position of adjustment by a clamping nut 132 at its outer end. It will be seen that by swinging the adjusting arm 130, the rack 127 is moved transversely and the pinion 126 is rotated upon the stud 115, thereby the arm 125 is moved bodily and the deflector 12d adjusted nearer to or further from the point of emergence of the wire from the wire passage 71. The radius of curvature of the wire is thereby regulated and'the wire fastener may be made to extend for a greater or less distance beneath the surface of the work.

The arm 125 which carries the deflector is part of a bell crank lever of which the upwardlyextending arm 133 carries a cam roll 134 arranged to run in a cam track 135 formed near the lower end of the cam bar 104, above referred to. The cam track 135 is so shaped and the cam bar 104 so timed in its movement that the deflector 124 is operatively positioned at the driving point, as shown in Fig. 8, when the wire begins to emerge from the wire passage 71. At the conclusion of the driving operation, the deflector is elevated to its inoperative position, as shown in Fig. 7, where it is maintained during the remainder of the machine cycle.

At the conclusion of the driving operation both the leading end and the driven endof the fastening 99 are left projecting slightly above the upper surface of the work and the clenching operation is completed by bending these projecting ends toward each other and down upon the surface of the work. To this end, a pair of; obliquely moving bending tools 136 and 1&6 are provided. These, with their operating mechanism, willnow be described.

The bending tool 136 which acts upon the driven end of the fastening is adjustably secured by a:

clamping bolt 137 to a slide 138 guidedfor movement in the plate 61 inan inclined path parallel to and in front of the rack slide 22'? already men-- tioned. The slide 138 is provided in its upper surface with rack teeth arranged to mesh with the teeth of a segment 139 fast to the forward end of ashaft 14.0 journaled in the plate, 61. At its rear end, the shaft 140 is secured to ahorizontally-disposed segment 141 and this in'turn' meshes with rackteeth formedin the side of the cam bar 104. 104 through the train of mechanismjustdescribed is effective to produce the required movement. of:

the-bending tool 136 from inoperative-position, asshown in Fig. 8', to operative position, as shown in' Fig. 11, at the proper timein the cycle of the machine, and then to return the-tool to its ine operative position immediately after the clenching operation.

The tool1146, which acts upon theleadingend ofthe fastening, is adjustably secured by a clamping' bolt; 147 to a slide, 1483 similarly guided in the plate 61 for movement in an oblique path. The slide 148 is provided with rack teeth in its upper surfacewith which mesh the teeth of'a segment,

and-placed upon the horn 46. The treadle' 50- is then depressed, elevating the horn and yieldingly pressing'the upper surface. of the work against'the forked lower endlof the abutment member 62. Continued depression of the treadle trips the clutch, whereupon an increased upward pressure is automatically imparted to the horn by the cam lever 53 and the train of mechanism which it actuates, At the same time the main shaft l l is set in rotation andthrough the camlever. 88 and its connected mechanism the feed roller 74 is advanced to feed the wire 102 a predetermined.-

amount, depending uponthe'adjustment of the link 87. During the time, theoperative instrumentalitiesof the machine occupy thepositions shown in Fig. 7, that is to say, the driver 67 is eievated, the-shearing knife 95 is retracted, the

deflector 124 is elevated, and the bendingtoo1s136- and 1 16 occupy th ir inoperative positions. Immediately at the conclusion of the feeding operation, the cam bar 104 is moved to operate the knife 91 which moves inwardly, severing the wire by a shearing action against the end of the cover plate 58 and carrying the severed end thereof inwardly into line with the driver passage 71. The knife 95 is maintained in its inner position during the eciprocation of the cam bar initia-ldownward movement of the driver 6'? and until the driving rib 69 has carried the end of the wireblank completely into the wire; passage '71. Atthe' same time, the deflector 124 is swung downwardly from the position shown in Fig. 7 to thatshown in Fig. 8, wherein its curved inner face is locatedoppositc to the end of the wire passage ll; As the driving stroke takes place, the

sleeve- 64- isrotated in the manner already deupon the

bending tools

136 and 146. As the final step in the operation, these are advanced fromxthe position shown in Fig. 8'to that showni in Fig; 11 and the projecting ends of the fasten: ingi are clenched upon the'work. Finally, the bending. toolsv are retracted and the clutch is: thrown out to bring the machine to rest withits; parts in readiness for a new cycle of operations.

While, I. have referred to the fastening as being. formed of: wire 102 and have shown the wire as circular in cross section, it willbeunderstood that flattenedwire or ribbon may be employed if; desired or that metallic wire of any crosssecits inoperative position, leavingboth: projecting ends of the fastening free to be actedtionz desired in the fastening may besuccess-.

fully handled and insertedin the machine of my;-

invention.

Having; thusdescribed my'invention, what I'- claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: r

1. In. a machine for inserting wire fastenings, a throat mechanism including an open sided wire passage, means for closing said passage, and a driver mounted for movement in said passage closing means in a path adjacent to said passage,,said driver having an offset portion extending through said means and into the passage whereby movement of said driver in said passage progressively opens said wire passage.

2. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, a throat mechanism including an open sided, channel wire passage, a driver greater in cross section than said passage guided in a path parallel thereto and having a wire engaging portion extending into said passage, and a member enclosing said driver for normally closing said wire passage, said member having an inclined. slot therein through which the wire engaging portion of the driver projects, thereby causing said member to move progressively to open the wire passage as the driver advances in said passage.

3. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, throat mechanism including a channel wire passage, an elongated driver movable in a path adjacent to said passage and having a relatively short driving projection extending into the wire passage, and oscillatory means normally closing said. passage and constructed and arranged to be engaged by a portion of said driving projection to open said passage, as said driving projection moves in said passage.

4. Ina machine for inserting wire fastenings, throat mechanism including a channel wire passage, a driver having an offset portion movable in said passage, and means for progressively closing the passage as the oifset portion traverses its length.

5. Ina machine for inserting wire fastenings,

throat mechanism including a channel wire passage, a driver having an offset portion movable in said passage, and an oscillatory cover memher having an inclined surface arranged to be engaged by a part of the offset portion of the driver, whereby the cover member is turned progressively to open said passage as the driver is advanced.

6. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding means including an open-sided wire passage, a sleeve so disposed as to close said wire passage with its surface and having a helical slot therein, and a driver movable longitudinally of said sleeve and having a driving projection extending through the slot thereof and into said wire passage.

'7. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding means including an open-sided wire passage, an oscillatory sleeve coextensive with a portion of said passage and having a helical edge in its surface, and a driver arranged to reciprocate within the sleeve and having an offset portion extending across said helical edge and into said wire passage, whereby the sleeve is turned during the movement of the driver.

8. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, a wire guiding member having an open sided wire passage in its surface, a cover member normally closing said passage and having a helical slot formed therein, and a driver having an offset portion projecting through said slot and into said passage, said offset portion being constructed and arranged, upon movement along said passage progressively, to open said passage by engaging the helical slot in the cover member.

9. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding means including a plate extending adjacent to the point at which the fastening is to be driven and having a channel wire passage in its surface, an oscillatory sleeve maintained upon said surface in position normally to close said channel, and a driver member movable in a path parallel to said passage, having an offset portion extending into the same and a portion acting to turn the sleeve to admit said offset portion to the passage.

10. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding means including an open-sided wire passage; a driver having an offset portion ar ranged to traverse said passage in driving the fastening, wire feeding means, and means for "severing a wire blank for the fastening at a.

point in the wire passage remote from the end thereof.

11. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire guiding means having an open-sided wire passage therein, a driver arranged to reciprocate in said passage, a supply passage leading at an angle into the wire passage, and a knife arranged to sever the wire as it leaves said supply passage and carry the severed end thereof to a position above'said open-sided driver passage and in line therewith.

12. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, a member having a driver passage and a driver arranged to reciprocate therein, a supply passage for wire leading thereto at an angle and having an opening at its point of juncture, and a knife movable transversely in said opening to sever the wire at said opening and carry the severed end thereof into line with the driver.

18. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings,

an abuti ient member having a driver passage terminating therein at a point above its workface, a driver arranged to reciprocate in said. passage, a deflector arranged to be disposed in range of the passage and adjacent to the surface of the work, and means for automatically moving said deflector away from the work to an elevated inoperative positionat the conclusion of the driving operation.

I l. In a machine forinserting wire fastenings, work-engaging and clamping members, one of which is provided with a wire passage terminating at a point spaced from the work piece, a driver arranged to reciprocate in said passage, a de flector arranged to swing in an are from an elevated inoperative position to a position adjacent the surface of the work and in'range of said passage, and means for adjusting the path of movement of said deflector to control its operative position. i

15. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, wire-delivering and feeding means including a wire passage, a knife for severing the wire at a point remote from the delivery end of the passage, a movable deflector arranged to be positioned in range of said passage, and a single actuating member for moving both the knife and the deflector at the proper point in the cycle of the machine.

16. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, Work-engaging and clamping members, one of which is provided with a wire passage terminating at a point spaced from the surface of the work piece, a driver movable in said passage, a deflector having a Wire-deflecting face which may be disposed in range of said wire passage, means for automatically removing the deflector to an inoperative position after the driving operation, and a clenching member movable transversely in the space formerly occupied by the deflector for clenching the upstanding end of the fastening.

17. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, means for severing and driving a piece of wire in a curved path into a work piece to form a fastening with both ends projecting from the same surface of the Work, and clenching members movable substantially simultaneously in opposite directions to engage and clench said projecting ends.

18. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, mechanism for first severing and then driving a straight piece of wire, means for guiding the wire in a curved path into the work to form a fastening with both ends projecting from the same surface of the work, and a pair of oppositely-moving clenching tools actuated at the conclusion of the driving operation to clench the ends of the fastening.

19. In amachine for inserting wire fastenings, means for inserting a curved wire fastening in the work with both ends projecting above the same face thereof, a pair of slides movable obliquely toward said ends, and a clenching tool adjustably mounted on each slide.

20. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings,

wire guiding means, a knife for severing the wire,

a driver for advancing the severed piece toward the work, a movable deflector positioned to cause the wire to enter and emerge from the work in a curved path, clenching tools movable to clench the ends of the driven fastening, and a single actuator for operating in the proper time relation the knife,the deflector and the clenching tools.

21. In a machine for inserting wire faste nings, work clamping members, one of which is provided 7 with a wire passage having movable passage-clos m1 us ing means, a driver constructed and arranged to advance a straight piece of wire by an engagement along said passage while the wire is confined therein by said closing means, and a deflector for causing the wire to enter the work in a curved path.

22. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, work clamping members, one of which is provided with a channel wire passage, a driver shaped to advance a short straight piece of Wire by end engagement along said passage, means for progres sively opening the wire passage opposite to the wire piece, and a deflector for causing the wire to enter the work in a curved path.

23. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, work clamping members, one of which has a forked work-engaging end, a cover plate extending between the forks and having a channel wire passage in its face, closing means for the channel, and a deflector arranged to be positioned between the forks and in range of said passage.

24. In a machine for inserting wire fastenings, work clamping members, one of which is provided with a channel wire passage, adjustable feeding mechanism for supplying wire to said passage, a knife arranged to sever a short straight piece of wire of a length determined by the action of the feeding mechanism, a driver shaped to advance the wire piece by end engagement, means for progressively closing the wire passage opposite to the wire piece, and a deflector for curving the latter as it leaves said passage. 1

LESTER S. MACDONALD.