US1929513A - Motor for elevator door operators - Google Patents

Description

Oct. l0, 1933. R. s. PEELLE MOTOR FOR ELEVATOR DOOR OPERATORS filed Jan. 3. 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVEN O ATTORNEY.

Oct. 10, 1933.I R, 5 PEELLE 1,929,513

MOTOR FOR ELEVATOR DOOR OPERATORS Filed Jan. 3, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 TTORNEY Patented Oct. 10, 1933i a 1,929,513 Mo'roa FoR ELEvA'roR Doon OPERATORS rRobert S. Peelle, Hollis, N. Y.,assignor to TheY Peelle' Company, Brooklyn, N. Y., a corporation of New York yApplication January 3, 1931. Vserialixmgtoama.

s claims.

My invention relates-to` motors for elevator door operators, and more particularly toamotor which is capable of use within the restrictedspace available in an elevator shaft for its installation and of developing sufficient torque to ensure the desired ease in starting and continuingthe movements of the door in opening and closing sama Elevator doors of the-type with which an operator embodying the motor of myinventionmay be used, yare ordinarilywhat is. known as counterbalanced elevatordoors. This kconstruction of door embodies two sectionsverticallyl movable in opposite directions, the two sections-being connected by meansof chains or other fiexible connections passing about sheaves.

The doors have movement upon a guide struc-a c This guide rail structure rarelyfextends from the wallwithin a shaft moren than five or six inches.VT

The sheaves above referred .to are mounted upon this guide railstructure, `adjacent the edge of the l inwardly directedfiange ofthe wall ang-le, `and the construction of the motor of my invention is such as to permit it,` in its entirety, to becontained within the space between the sheave and the wall,

' and to be` mounted uponthe guide railstructure 30 in the proper relation to the sheave which it actuates. The yi space available. between the. sheave and the wall is'usually-between threeand four inches. 4, f Doors of the type to be yoperated by means of a motor as herein described, rarely have an opening movement in excess of four feet, and prior to my invention the usual practice was to provide a single motor positioned in the penthouse and selectively operative as to any of the doors in the 40A shaft, this motor `having* associated therewith In the wiring of the motorl of myinvention, I a

take advantage ofthe short duration of any run of the motor because of thelimited opening and closing movements of the door, and am enabled to provide atype of inductive motor.V suitable for use Voperation of the doors,

inthe opening and closingof such doors, but having no other field of use so far as I am aware, Not only does thek special type of winding furnish adequate'apower `for the short operation interval required, but permits the rotor, the stator and the housingto be so formed as tobe brought in their entirety, within a space of between three and four inches, and to possess so littleweight that the load. of the motor upon the guide rail structure has no tendency to disarrange the guide rail structure` in a manner to interfere` with the free `The invention consistsprimarily in, a motor for elevator door operators embodying `therein a stator consisting of ajnarrow annular, electromagnetic core having a sequenceof narrow openings forming a., series of polesv about 'the inner perimeter thereof, a pluralityof series of circumferentially extending overlapping field windings each winding enclosing a group of said poles,xpoles of each group vbeing common to windings of each series, the windings of said series respectively `being connected with different terminals, of a multiplev phase source` of alternating current ksupply, and with each other, a cylindrical rotor of magnetic vmaterial substantially throughout hav-f ing an uninterrupted perimeter of a Width approximately that of said fstator, a shaft carried by said rotor, a housing enclosing said stator and said 4rotor vandr supporting A,said rotormwithin said stator, and means carried by said housing engaging said stator to prevent movement thereof, said housing beinglin close engaging relationwith the perimeter of Said stator; and in ysuch other novel features of construction rand combination of parts as are hereinafterV set forthy and described, and more particularly appended.

kReferring to the drawings, v

Fig. 1: is aside View of a motor embodying thef invention withY `a portion of thehousing broken away; i

Fig,.f2is a view from the right of Fig. 1, a portion of `the rotor, of the stator and of the housing being broken away; a Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic showing of the electrical conditions withinthe motor;.and y Fig. 45 is a fragmentary portion of the stator showing the manner of wiring.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views. y Y

In `the Vembodiment of the invention shown in SQA pointed outin the claims hereto the drawingathe stator 10 is of .laminated construction, being formed of; aseries ofannular etl its

plates of electro-magnetic material having formed therein a sequence of openings and slots 11 to form a series of poles 12 about the inner perimeter of the stator ring.

In the drawings, a three-phase induction motor is shown, the lines for the different phases being shown at 13, 14 and 15. The winding of the stator is such as to produce a plurality of series of field windings, three in number, each series drawing its supply from one of the lines 13, 14 or 15. In Fig. 4 of the drawings one series of windings is indicated by the full line 16, another series by the dotted line 17 and a third series by the dot and dash line 18. In winding the stator, the wire for the windings of the series 16 is through spaced openings 11, the winding jumping two intervening openings 11 between opposite ends of the coil. The winding is circumferentially of the stator core. In the drawings, Fig. 5, I have shown a'segment of the stator embracing six openings l1, these openings being indicated by the numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

It will be noted that the winding connected Y with the line 13 is through the openings 1 and 4 and spans the poles adjacent the openings 2 and 3; that the winding from the line 14 is through the openings 2 and 5 and spans the poles adjacent the openings 3 and 4, and that theiwinding from the line 15 is through the `openings 3 and 6 and spans the poles adjacent the openings 4 and 5.

It will be understood that the wire of each series of windings must 'be insulated from the wire of the other two series of windings, and that as a result of thefforxnation of the overlapping fields secured by the method of Wiring above referred to, a very substantial portion of the wire and the insulation thereof willbe positioned upon opposite sides of thestator, as indicated at 19 and 20. Each of the wires after the series of windings have been formed, have their ends brought together and electrically connected as indicated at 21 in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

YWith themanner of wiring the stator above described, highly desirable results are secured because thestator in its entirety may be made of a width` of less than two inches.

Notwithstanding that with thev construction described the motor will become heated so rapidly as to result in the burning out of its windings af ter a very short run, it has special advantage when used in connection with an elevator door operator, or in any other similar relation, wherein the operation of the motor is required only for a few seconds time and thereafter remains idle for a suflicient period to permit itto cool.

With a iield produced by means of a construction as above described, the motor is capable of instantly developing a very high torque, compared to its size, and may be so designed as to have a very low speed. The main advantage, however, is that the motor may be made of very narrow width, and when once installed, requires no attention since there are no parts requiring lubrication.

Thesides of the stator are providedwith plates 22 and 23 of insulation.

The pole pieces 12 are held apart by means of pegs 24 of insulating material, gaps being present between the faces of adjacent pole pieces.

Freely rotatable within the stator is a cylindrical rotor or armature 25 formed of laminated, electro-magnetic material having an uninterruptedperimeter so formed as to permit the attachment of a shaft 26 thereto.

The housing of the motor consists of two cupped members 2'7 and 28, each supporting a ball bearing 29 and 30 for the shaft 26. These two sections are insulated from each other, either by means of an air gap or insulating material at 31, and are drawn together by means of tie bolts 32.

' The construction and arrangement of the members 27 and 28 of the housing is such as to accurately center the rotor in relation to the stator and to hold the latter immovable in relation to the housing and the rotor because of the circular form of the housing, its engagement with the outer perimeter of the stator and the keying of the stator to the housing by means of a slot 33 in the core of the stator and a set screw 34 carried by the housing. It is essential that the stator should be fixed in its relation to the housing and the configuration of the latter may be widely varied and still secure this result.

In the form of the invention shown, the members 2'7 and 28 of the housing are provided with flanges 35 to facilitate the mounting of the motor upon the guide rail structure of the doors in an elevator shaft.

In a commercial embodiment of the invention, the shaft 26 of the rotor carries a three-toothed gear which is meshed with a gear carried by the sheave having 54 teeth over which the connection with the door sections pass. This sheave is approximately six inches in diameter so that with an opening or closing movement of the door of from four to five feet, the sheave is required to be turned only about three times. Consequently, only approximately fifty revolutions of the motor are required to accomplish the full opening or closing of the door. The motor speed is approximately nine hundred revolutions per minute (R. P. M.). Hence, the operating interval of the motor required is only about 3l/3` seconds. Consequently, the development of heat' is no material factor and with ordinary use, there is little or no danger-of the wiring of the motor burning out. The motor, as shown in the drawings, is for use with a cycle, 220 volt, 3 phase alternating current source. It may readily be adapted, however, to other potentials and other cycles.

In the operation of the motor, I take advantage of the well known principles of polyphase alterhating-current induction motors with a rotating field effect in a fixed stator and in which the current may be so controlledas to reverse the rotating field effect. The armature or rotor is Without windings and the detailed construction of the various parts entering into the motor is such as to secure compactness, lightness of weight, highv torque and low speeds. The electrical conditions are such as would preclude the use of the motor under any conditions and for any purpose where power is applied thereto for more than a very short interval. Even with the short run required of the motor, heat will begin to develop, but overheating is impossible except as a result of deliberate abuse of thedoor operating mechanism.

While the door operating mechanism and the construction of the doors themselves form no part of the invention, I have referred to same at length because the sole utility of the motor resides in its adaptability tov use with such or an equivalent mechanism, the operation of which i J'QbI- inches in width, eight of nine inches infheight; l.

and five or sixV inches in length, and this-space may be reduced by changing the details ofthe housing without sacricing thepossible maximum power of the motor. i i

The overlapping of the series of4 field windings, contributes-toward the development of the desired torque instantly with the application'of power to the motor, and the maintenance of such torque. This construction also contributes toward the developmentof a low speed` in the motor; l r 1 The rotor or armature 25 adjacent the perimeter thereof is provided with platesry of nonmagnetic material.

` Theplates forming theicore` for the `field windings of the stator, and also the platesorming the rotor and the non-magnetic shield plates carrie'd by the latter, may be riveted or otherwise secured together in the desired close contacting relation.

By vthe construction heretofore described, VIr

4the motor many ofthe 'conditions which are generally recognized as being essential to anelectric motor and such sacriiicelis possible merely because the conditions of use of the motor require only a short run of the motor. i l

By producing a motorv having low speed and high torque, Iam enabled to secure a satisfactory door operation within the smalltimev interval herein referred to. With a motor constructed as herein described, little or no poweris -required to arrest movement of the door sections in either direction or to impart movement thereto in either direction, as even whilepowerv is `applied. to the motor, the armature may be `freely turned Vin either direction by the manual application of force tov either `of the door section'sj i It is not my intention tof-limitthe invention `t a motor having the precise dimensionsor constructed precisely as herein described, it being apparent that4 such may be varied without'departingfrom the spirit and scope of theinvention.

Having described the invention, whatI claim as new vand desire to have protected by-Letters Patent, ist` v I 1. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a stator-consisting of a 'narrow annular, electro-)magnetic core having a sequencel of narrow openings forming a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of series of circumferentially extending'overlapping field windings, each winding enclosing a group of said poles, poles of each group being commonto wind-p ings of each series, the windings' of said series respectively being connected with different terminals of a multiple-phase source of alternatingcurrent supply, and with each other, a cylindrlcal rotor of magnetic material substantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter of a width approximately that 'of said stator, a shaft carried by said rotor, a housing enclosing said stator and said rotor and supporting said rotorwithin said stator, andk means carried by said housing engaging said stator to prevent movement thereof, said housing being in close engaging: relation'with the perimeter of said stator. v e l '42. A motor for elevator door operators embodying thereina stator consisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core formed of a plurality of plates having'a sequence of narrow openthe inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of windings each-passing through spaced openings vin and circumferentially of said plates and across intermediate openingswhereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and poles of each group are common to windings of each series, the windings of said series respectively being connected with diiTercnt-terminals of a multiplephase source of alternating current supply and with each other, and the windings of the several series being electrically connected, a cylindrical rotor of magnetic material substantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter oi a wdthapproximately that of said stator, a shaft carried `by said rotor, a housing enclosing `said stator` and saidrotor andl supporting said rotor within said stator, and means carried by said housing engaging said stator to prevent movement thereof said housing being in close engaging relation with the perimeter of said stator.

-3. A.V motor for elevatorV door operators embodying therein a stator consisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic coreformed of a plu- "ralityv of plates having` asequence rof -narrow openings therethrough forming-a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereoffa plurality of windings each passing through spaced openings in and circumferentially of said plateseand across intermediate openings whereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and poles of each group are common to windings of each series, the windings of said series respectively beingA connected with different terminals of a multiple-phase source of alternating current supply and with eachother, and the windings of the several series-'beingelectricallyconnected, a cylindrical rotorjformed of a plurality of plates of magnetic umaterial substantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter, and of a Width approximately that of said stator; ashaft carried by said rotor, a housing enclosing said stator and said rotor and supporting said rotor within said stator, and means carried by said housing engaging said stator to prevent movement thereof, said housing being in kclose 'engag-` ing relation with theperirneter of saidY stator. 4. A`y motor for elevatorl doorv operators embodying therein a statcrvconsisting `of a narrow annular, electro-magneticcore formed of a plurality of platesA having a sequence of narrow openings therethrough forming a series of-poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of windings each passing through spaced openings in and circumferentially of said plates and across intermediate openings whereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and poles of each'g'roup are common to windings of each series, the windings of said series respectively being connected with different terminals of a multiple-phase source of alternating current supply and with each other, yand the windings of the several series being electrically connected, a cylindrical rotor formed of a plurality of plates of magnetic material substantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter, and of a Width `approximately that of said stator, shield 'soi plates of electro-nonmagnetic material adjacent the perimeter of said rotor, a shaft carried by said rotor, a housing enclosing said stator and said rotor and supporting said rotor within said stator, and means carried by saidrhousing engaging said stator to prevent movement thereof, said housing being in close engaging relation with the perimeter of said stator.

5. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a stator consisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core having a sequence of narrow openings forming a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of series of circumferentially extending overlapping field windings, each winding enclosing a group of said poles,poles of each group being common to windings of each series, the windings of said series respectively being connected with different terminals of a multiple-phase source of alternating current supply, and with each other, a cylindrical rotor of magnetic material substantialy throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter of a width approximately that of said stator, a shaft carried by said rotor, two cupped mem- L bers adapted to receive and enclose said stator and said rotor, a bearing carried by eachof said members for said rotor shaft, means securing said members together, and means carried by one of said members and engaging said stator to prevent movement thereof, said cupped members being in close engaging relation with the perimeter of said stator.

6. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a stator consisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core having a sequence of narrow openings forming a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of series of circumferentially extending overlapping iield windings, each winding enclosing a group of said poles, poles of each group being common to windings of each series, the windings of said series respectively being connected with different terminals of a multiple-phase source of alternating current supply, and with each `i other, a cylindrical rotor of magnetic material substantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter of a width approximately that of said stator, a shaft carried by said rotor, two cupped members adapted to receive and enclose said stator and said rotor, a bearing carried by each of said members for said rotor shaft, means securing said members together, and said stator having a slot in the perimeter thereof, and a set screw carried by one of said members and adapted to enter said slot to prevent movement thereof,

said cupped rnembersbeing in close engaging relation with the perimeter of said stator.

7. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a stator consisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core formed of a plurality of plates having a sequence of narrow f'openings therethrough forming a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of windings each passing through spaced openings in and circumferentially of said plates and across intermediate openings whereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and poles of each group are common to windings of each series, the windings of said series respectively being connected with different terminals of a multiplephase source of alternating current supply and with each other, and the windings of the several series being electrically connected, a cylindrical rotor formed of a pluralityv of plates of magnetic material susbstantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter, and of a width approximately that of said stator, a shaft carried by said rotor, two cupped members adapted to receive and enclose said stator and said rotor, a bearing carried by each of said members for said rotor shaft, means securing said members together, said stator having a slot in the perimeter thereof, and a set screw carried by one of said members and adapted to enter said slot to prevent movement thereof, said cupped members being in close engaging relation with the perimeter of said stator.

8. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a stator consisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core formed of a plurality of plates having a sequence of narrow openings therethrough forming a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of windings each passing through spaced openings in and circumferentially of said plates and across intermediate openings whereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and poles of each group are common to windings of each series, the windings of said series respectively being connected with different terminals of a multiple-phase source of alternating current supply and with each other, and the windings of the several series being electrically connected, a cylindrical rotor formed of a plurality of plates of magnetic material substantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter, and of a width approximately that of said stator, shield plates of electro-nonmagnetic material adjacent the perimeter of said rotor, a shaft carried by said rotor, two cupped members adapted to receive and enclose said stator and said rotor, a bearing carried by each of said members for said rotor shaft, means securing said members together, said stator having a slot in the perimeter thereof, and a set screw carried by one of said members and adapted to enter said slot to prevent movement thereof, said cupped members being in close engaging relation with the perimeter of said stator.

ROBERT S. PEELLE.

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