US1929404A - Lubricant distributing system - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 10, 1933. 1 R 1,929,404

LUBRICANT DI STRIBUTING SYSTEM Filed Se t. 12, 1925 4 heetsheet 2 97 39 2- 87 700 1 56 3,3 3g 6-. fl .12. v a; f QB-*1 as 9 31 35 41 4a .95 96 I 56 m 0 4 i Z m l a, l l Q l ,35 Z 1 g 1 =2 1 0 l I 107 115 1197 119 09 176' g 113 1 2Q 111 I 7/ g 112 1 1 f7 1 a1 1Z0 7? 79 ATToRNEa s Oct. 10, 1933. J. BLJUR 1,929,404

LUBRICANT DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM Filed Sept. 12, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 24 7 INVENTOR Ja e/J71 Ez'ju 7 244 jvi/l ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 10, 1933 I UNITED sTATss LUBRICANT DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM Joseph Bijur, New York, N. Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Auto Research Corporation a corporation of Delaware Serial No. 662,195

ApplicationSeptember 12, 1923" 41 Clai1ns.. (01. 184:!) 5

My present invention relates primarily to lubricating installations of the type in which lubricant pressure 'is transmitted from a pressure source, such as a pump, through a system of 5 lubricant filled piping, concurrently to various distributed outlets therein, which communicate with the bearings. I

The invention relates especially to systems of the above type from which the escape of oil is precluded while the pressure source is idle and particularly where special instrumentalities assure correct distribution of the charge between the various bearings or groups of bearmgs.

In apreferred installation, the lubricating oil is forced through small metal pipes by the pres-' sure applied at the source, for delivery to the hearings in parallel. The flow controlling instrumentalities are disposed in the path of flow to the bearings and comprise highly restricted outlets which I call drip plugs preferably associated or combined, eachwith'avalve, which may be pressed by a spring against its seat, to maintain the line full at all times. It is found that the valves of the drip plugs will close satisfactorily when seated by springs, that retract under about 5 pounds of oil-pressure to'permit normal flow. To avoid exacting requirements of manufacture, a variation of one or even two pounds each way may be allowed, so that a normal valve might open anywhere between say 3 and '7 pounds. The outlet of each drip plug is restricted to such extent as to ofier an obstruction to the flow of lubricant several times greater than the resistance to flow encountered in the length of the pipes, added to that imposed by the'valvesparticularly when spring seated. i

In this case when pressures substantially high er than the valve seating pressures, say of the 40 order of 30 to 50 pounds are applied to the line, the valves will open substantially concurrently and the drip plugs will determine the flow to each bearing substantially regardless of substantial diiierence in the lengths of the courses from the pump to the various drip plugs. i

It is undesirable to utilize lubricant pressures of the order of the valve seating pressures, as for example of 5'or pounds, since this would result in great inequalities in theilow from the drip plugs, as those nearest the'pump outlet or having the lightest valve springs would open first and permit the oil to escape and perhaps prevent the pressure building up at all to the point where the stiffer or more remote valves would operate, whereby the distribution would be faulty.

vpressible at all times.

To assure reliable distribution at s all times in a system of the type consideredfitis, therefore, important to apply the high pressure to the line initially at each operation and to substan-' tially maintain it during operation; A spring 6o discharged pump would be suitable for this purpose, provided too inuchoi the energy is not Wasted within thepumnand provided the pressure transmitting agency intervening between the pump and the outlets is substantially incom- Only, in this case would the discharge pressure of the pump promptly raisethe line pressure to maximum, for concurrent opening of all the valves andior correct distribution through. the drip plugsof an-oil '70' chargeequal to that forced into the line by the I pump. 'The pump piston would'settle slowly as lubricant is slowly forced through the drip plugs. Rapid settling of the piston would here be a dependable signal, showing'either that-the oil-res ervoir was empty orthat the line was fractured or broken, the latter condition becoming evident from a pool of oil under the break} f If, however, any part of the system connecting the pump discharge to the drip plugs should distend or dilateto too great an extent under the normal operating pressure of the'oil, or if large quantities of air should be trapped in the pipe system at such place where it could not readily escape, the-efficacy of the system would be impaired. 'ln-such case the introduction of oil from the pump into the" line would result merely in compressing the trapped 'airvolume to a certain extent a'ccompaniedwith a slight increase in the line pressure. Repeated operation or" the pump may be necessary to raise the pressure sufficiently to effect escape of oil from the lightest drip plugs, or froni those nearest the pump, and thereafter the oil would continue to'escape in an irregular manner until the pressure had again receded to normal, so that a great excess of oil would pass-to some bearings, and little or none to others. I I I In a system so impaired, even though the reser-' voir were quite full of oil and the pipe line intact, the pump piston would ordinarily; settle rapidly rather than slowly,-and this rapid action of the piston would provide no indication as to the con-- dition of charge of the reservoir "or of damage to the line.

In originally setting into service, an empty or new installation, which has no closed'region of relatively large'cross-s'ection, where substantial quantities of air'mi'ght readily be trappedQthe pump-is operated repeatedly, to charge the line with lubricant, the air quickly escaping through 'the drip plugs as the oil advances in the pipes,

cur in the absence of special precautions, if the level of oil in the reservoir which supplies the pump becomes so low that the pump draws air rather than oil, and might tend to force such air into the pipe system.

It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a system of the above type,.easily and reliably operable as long as the parts of the system are uninjured, to deliver predetermined charges of oil from a reservoir, simultaneously to a multiplicity of distributed bearings, bya single simple non-selective operation.

.Another objectis to provide a system of the type mentioned in which even if the pump should be operated one or more times with little or no lubricant in-the cylinder thereof, the subsequent operation after the reservoir has been replenished shall nevertheless be as regular and as satisfactory as at the outset.

Another object is to accomplish the result last stated withoutsubstantial increase in the cost,

complexity or bulk of the system, and without loss or impairment of any of the other advantages that may inhere in the system to which the invention is applied.

-Another object is to provide a system of the above type, including a pump, the friction loss of which is low at all times, so that energy manually applied, is efliciently converted into high line pressure. I Another object is toprovide a lubricating system, which, without special alarm devices, registers or the like, will inherently indicate when the supply of lubricantshould be replenished.

Accordingto my invention means is provided to function when the pump or pressure generator is operated without lubricant in the cylinder thereof, to prevent the generation of air pressure in the line, and preferably by relieving, venting or expelling from the system through a course other than through the outlets which lead to the bearings, any air in the range of operation of the pump, said air-relieving or venting means being constructed and arranged to sustain pressure applied thereat through the more viscous lubricant. Myinstallation thus operates selectively to vent air and to transmit pressure through lubricant. The air exclusion device maybe provided either in advance of the pump discharge to prevent the entry of the air even to the head of the line or alternatively in the line, and preferably in such place or places therein where any admitted air would naturally become trapped for ready escape thereof, when pressure is subsequently applied. The air exclusion device in one embodiment is a valve near the headof the line and held closed by the pressure exertedupon the lubricant in the pump discharge-to insure transmission of lubricant pressure through the pipe system, said valve remaining in itsnormal unseated position as long as the pump operates upon air rather than lubricant.

.Another type of device performing the function of allowing ready escape of air and yet sustaining pressure transmitted through lubricant, is a highly restricted outlet, for instance, the crevice which would result, by substantially filling a metalbore of about The" in diameter, with a rod in the neighborhood of .004 inch smaller in diameter. The minute crevice outlet'is sufficiently large to allow any trapped air to be ejected therethrough by oil from the pump, while the much more viscous lubricating oil would drip therethrough but slowly, even underthe substantial pressure generated in the pump, and, therefore, without any appreciable relief of pressure.

Other objects and features of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In the preferred embodiment of pump, the operating meanstherefor, protrudes from above the highest level of lubricant, so that no stufling box is required whose friction would increase the hand pulland reduce the oil pressure applied to the line.v

In the accompanying drawings in which are shown one or more of various possible embodiments of the several features of the invention,

Fig'. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of an installation on a motor vehicle only'a fragment of which is shown,

Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of the pump Fig. 3 is aside elevation thereof, with parts broken away,

Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional views taken respectively along the lines 4-4 and 55 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 6 is a view in longitudinal cross-section'of the operating handle,

Fig. 'lis a detail sectional View on an enlarged scale taken along the line '77 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 8 is a view in longitudinalcross-section taken along the line 88 of Fig. 9 of the filter,

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line -9e-9 of Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of an outlet fitting, 1 Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a modified form of pump and the mounting means therefor,

Fig. 12 is a plan view of Fig. 11, Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of an alternative form of reservoir and pump taken along the line 1313 of Fig. 14, and; Fig. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view thereo taken along the line l 4--14 of Fig 13.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings,;I-have indicated diagrammatically a combined reservoir and pump 1) preferably upon the front-of the dashboard 10, to which it is'secured by a strap 11, about the reservoir, which is bolted to thedash. The reservoir and pump unit which is shown in detail in Figs. 2300.5, and will be described fully below, has a discharge outlet 12, which supplies the various bearings on the chassis through a line, preferably a metal pipe system, a fragment of which is Fittings of the type shown-in normally sea-ted as by a spring 15 to prevent leakage of lubricant from the line anda metal stem -16 fits into a bore inthe neighborhood of .004!

sure, practically determines the rate of lubricant.

discharge to the bearing. The general type of flow rate-controlling fitting shown is designated drip plug andjneed not behere described; in

of a junction box of dimensions such as tofit inobtrusively within one of the channel frames 1'7 (see Fig. 7) said filter comprising a casing 18 with integral support lugs 19 bolted to the .channel frame and having an inlet nipple 20 connected by a length of pipe 21 with the pump discharge 12 and having one or more outlet nipples, three being shown at 22, 23 and 24 by way of illustration. to supply respectively, concurrently and in parallel, the front shackle, 25, the steering gear 26 and the main 13. The filter is shown apart and in detail in Figs. 8 and'9 and will be described more fully below.

, In the assembly shown/the pump is operated from a pull handle 27 extending through-a bracket 28 bolted as at 29 to extendbelow the instrument board 80, said handle transmitting its tension through a wire 31,.which extends through aperture 10' in the dashboard to a sheave wheel 32 on the pump, to which it is secured by a screw 33. The handle is shown apart in Fig. 6 and will be described fully below.

The lubricant and pressure source a sheet metal cylindrical oil reservoir having a bottom- 34 telescoped over the lower edge of the side wall 35 and a cover 36 telescoped over the upper edge thereof. The cover'has a neck 3'7 near one side thereof, over which is telescoped a collar 38 for the filling opening cover 39, said collar having a bead40 by which the rim 41 of a strainer bag 42 is clamped against the top of the neck, through an interposed wire lock w. The strainer bag may be of fine copper wire mesh or, if desired, of cloth, and intercepts any relatively coarse particles carried with the lubricant. The cover is preferably of the hinged type and consequently will not collect dirt as would a removable cover that might be placed on a dirty surface, while thereservoir is being filled. In the specific embodiment shown, the cover'cap has an upturned hinge of a rivet 50, which may also pass through a name plate 51 superposed over the cover. The corrugations on the spacer disk 48 are perforated as at 52, as is the vellumoid disk at 53, to maintain the reservoir vented by air passing between the collar 38 and the spaced flange 39 of the cover rim and through the perforations in the spacer and seating disks.

The pump cylinder 54 extends longitudinally of the reservoir near one side thereof, laterally of the strainer 42 and protrudes as at 55 well below the bottom of the reservoir. The cylinder is positioned in the reservoir by a pilot 56, which depends from the cover and .over which the upper end of the cylinder is telescoped, and a .split metal ring 5'7 about the cylinder is snapped into a corresponding groove 58 in .the bottomv of the reservoir. Preferably the ring 5'7, cylinder. .54 and reservoir bottom 34 are soldered together into a uniform leak-proof construction.

In the preferred embodiment, the bottom of the cylinder J54v isclosed by a metal plug 59. locked thereinto by asplit metal ring 60. The plug '59 has an upstandingvalve seat 61*normally closed by a valve V urged thereagainst by pressure transmitted through spring 63 upon the piston 64; An

outlet'fitting 12 is connected to the plug 59 by a union nut 65and the supply line 21 is-soldered or brazed to said fitting. If desired,-a check valve.66 may be used, urged upward by a coil spring 6'7 against a valve seat 68 formed inthe bore 69 of the plug, said spring reactingagainst a perforated sheet metal cap '70 friction-fitted into the lower end of the-bore 69. The piston comprises a hollow shank '71 of relatively large diameter, upset at its lower end to form a seat '72 for the valveV during the down stroke. The piston head preferably comprises a metal cap '73 with its flange extending upward and a leather cap-74 having its flange extending downward, both clamped against the upset seat '72 by a nut 7 5 encircling the shank. It is preferred alsoto clamp between the seat 72 and the-cap'74 a sheet metal valve cage member '76. l

The cage-bottom :77 which is press-fitted into the cage wall '76 hasa central opening '78 through which the seat'member 61 protrudes in the lowermost position of the piston. The valve V in the present embodiment comprises a sheet metal disk f 79 having a: plurality of spaced depending lugs The embodimentshown inFigs. 2 to5 includes 80 about its periphery, a pair of disks 81 and 82 which may be of vellumoid upon opposite faces of the metal disk being securedto the latter by means of a central rivet 83 therethrough. Inthe position shown'in Fig. 2, the lugs 80 are spaced above the bottom '77 of the valve cage, so that. during the upward stroke of the piston, the valve will be supportedby its lugsf80 upon the bottom. of the cage; allowing free passage of lubricant through the piston. t r

The discharge spring 63, to be more fully described below, presses at its lower end against the nut '75 and reacts at its upper endagainsta stop ring 84 firmly wedged and retained by means of a split locking ring 85 within the upper ends of cylinder 54.

The operating shaft 86 is'journalled within a hood 8'7 which is secured to'the cover, above the cylinder 54 by rivets 88 passing through hood flange 89 and 'also serving to secure the pilot member 56. The bearings for shaft 86 comprisean inwardly extending sheet metal hub 90 having flanges 91 riveted to the hood, and a similar hub 94 protruding outward through a corresponding aperture 93 in the wall of the hood and rivet ed thereto at integral flanges92. The sheave wheel32 is forced over the knurled-outer end 95 of the shaft 86. 'A press fitted collar'96 is fitted over the hub member 94 and 'a second collar member 97 is fitted over the sheave wheel 32-, the flanges 96 and 9'7 of said collars interfitting to prevent easy entry of dust into the pump. The hood is closed by. a cap 98 which may be press-fitted thereover. r

The shaft is surrounded by a collar 99 extending between the bearings 90 and 94 anda screw 100 extending diametrally through'the sleeve and the shaft serves as an anchor'for the cable 101 which is connected at its lower end to the piston shank '71. Preferably the -cable is a single endless loop straddlingthe screw and maintained against slipping out from under the screwhead by a sheet metal cup 102,,through which the screw 100 extends and which partly encircles the loop of the cable and is pressed against the sleeve 99 by the head of said'screw. The lower end of the loop 101 passes abouta pin 103 rigidly held within a thimble 104, said pin fittingat opposite. ends in holes 105 through the shank of the piston. It is preferred to offset the hood 8'7 eccentrically with respect to the cylinder,.so that the point of tangency of the length of cable 101 with respect to the sleeve 99 will be .the'axial plane of the cylinder, as best shown inFig. 3, whereby the pulling strain upon the piston will be axially of the cylinder, avoiding the wear and jamming of the piston, which. might result from any substantial lateral force.

It is desirable to provide in addition to the strainer 42,- a filter 106 within the reservoir to intercept finer solid particles that may pass through the strainer. This filter is a pad of felt a small distance above the bottom of the reservoir, constituting in effect, a false bottom through which lubricant thereabove will seep to fill the space therebelow. The periphery of the filter pad 106 may be clamped against the inturned flange 107 of a ring 108 by means of the flange 109 of an inner ring 110 friction-fitted thereinto. The filter assembly is secured into the reservoir by friction-fit of outer ring, 108 thereinto., The pad 106, of course, is apertured to clear the cylinder 54 and is preferably sustained or supported about the cylinder by a ring 111 sustained upon the inturned rim 112 of the reservoir bottom, and has a flange 113 at its upper end engaging the lower surface of the filter pad, and a splitring 114 fitting into a corresponding groove in the cylinder above the filterpad clamps the latter down against-the, flange 113through an interposed spring washer 115. r

- The filter pad is preferablysustained against sagging in the substantial area thereof between the support rings 110 and 111 by an'open structure which may be a band 116 of flexible metal wound in appropriate open convolutions, best shown in Fig. 4, about the cylinder and within the reservoir, said band having preferably scallops or notches 118 at the lower edge thereof.

The cylinder is provided with inlet apertures 119 at the portion thereof between thereservoir bottom 34 and-the filter 106, so that only lubricant which has previously seeped into the cham her ,120 below the filter, that is, lubricant which has previously been filtered, can enter the cylinder, 54.

Preferably the spring 63 even in the most distended position thereof, indicated in Fig. 2 is under relatively high compression. It follows that in the further compression of the spring, as the plunger is elevated to charge the pump, the compressive force will have increased by the end of the stroke through but a small fraction of the initial'or minimum compressive force on the spring. i

In a specific embodiment which has been found satisfactory, the spring has 50 turns compressed fromits length unstressed of about 15 inches to 5.5 inches in the normal discharged position shown in Fig. 2. 'The spring turns have a lowpitch .relation, leaving a space of but .04 between contiguous convolutions, this space to be entirely closed to form substantially a column spring, when the piston reaches'the upper end of a two inch stroke. In this specific form, the

'ing stroke progresses, and similar decrease increase in spring compression from thebeginning-to the end of the'stroke, will be'only about 20 per cent, so thatthe increase in tensile force required as the charging stroke progresses will be barely noticeable, and the pressure exerted will not decrease markedly as the discharge stroke progresses. Were the spring initially under'but a relatively low tension or compression, the distortion-thereof to a maximum at the end of the charging stroke, might involve a "multiplication of the stress thereon with consequent multiplication of the force required as the chargof the force exerted in the discharge.

The operating handle A desirable form of handle isseparately shown in Fig. 6. This handle includes an enclosing tubular casing 121 extending inward from the bracket 28 below the instrument board and threaded into a nipple 122 which is clamped against the bracket by a nut 123 threaded upon the inner end of the nipple and secured by an interposed lock washer 12'4. Coaxial within the casing 121 is a metal operating tube 125 to the outer end ofwhich the operating knob 27 is threaded and locked, said knob being normally in its innermost position against the bushing 122. The operating tube bears within a bushing 126 of wood or other soft material, the latter pressed by the casing 121 against the inturned flange 127 on the nipple.

Within the operating tube is a slidable plug 128 with a tapered axial opening 129 for anchoring the knotted end 1300f the operating wire 31, which extends to'the sheavewheel 32. The taper plug is maintained against escape by'a closure cap 131 threaded upon the inner end.

of the'operating tube 125; The inner end of the casing tube has a closure cap 132 with a nipple 133 through which the wire 31 extends, a protective sheath 134 which maybe of copper tube, for instance, encirclingthe operating wire, for its entire free length, between the casing and the sheave wheel, and particularly at thatportion of the length thereof likely otherwise to rub or wear against, the wall of aperture 10' therefor through the dash. The protective sheath is preferably clamped at its outer end against the correspondingly beveled end 135 of nipple 133 by "means of a correspondingly beveled shoulder 136 on nut 137 threaded upon the nipple.

The casing 121 is provided with a stop for limiting the stroke of the handle. Thisv stop, as indicated in the drawings, is the stud end 138 of a screw 139 projecting into the casing through an aperture 121. Screw 139 extends through a supporting ring 140 which encircles the casing 121 and is locked against said ring by a lock 3 washer 141. Ring 140 is rigidly clamped tothe casing. by a set screw 142 therethrough. It is preferred to provide the casing 121 with a plurality of openings osimilar to opening 121 at different parts of the length thereof, through any of which the stop stud 138 may be extended by shifting the position of ring 140, so as to set the length of the operating handle strokein accordance with the number of drip plugs on the system, or the total quantity of oil to be delivered to the bearings at each pump discharge.

Operation 2 The reservoir being charged with lubricant admitted through the fillingv collar 38, the lubricant will readuyypass through the strainer 42 and slowly through the filter pad 106 to fill the chamber 120 therebelow, which is vented through apertures 119-and through the bearing collars 90 and 94 in the hood :87.'.:Lubricant will pass through scallops 118 and through apertures 119 until a common level exists in the reservoir and in the cylinder, as indicated by line a-a. As the close spring turns are interposed in the path of entry of oil from the reservoir to the cylinders,

apertures 119 are of relatively large area and in sufficient number to obviate any appreciable resistance to the entry of oil. The operation of lubricating the bearings consists merely in grasping the knob 27 and drawing the same outward to its limit, when the cap 181 strikes the stud 138. Thereafter without any further attention on the part of the operator, each of the various bearings on the chassis is correctlylubricated.

'By the tension on the operating tube125, the plug 128 is drawn outward'therewith, applying tension to the wire 31 to rotate the sheave wheel 32 and with it the operating shaft 86, causing the cable 101 to wind around said shaft and transmit an axial pull to the piston which is thus raised against the resistance .of the spring 63.

' In this upward stroke of the piston, the floor '77 of the valve cage '76 will first engage the'support lugs 80 of the valve andwill then raise the valve,

which throughout said-stroke is maintained below piston seat 72, so that throughout the upward or charging stroke, oil will readily pass through the piston and around the valve to fill the'chamber below the piston. Check valve 66 avoids any possible suction on the pipe line'during this charging at the end of the stroke, and the piston cap 7374 be wholly or partly below apertures 119.

operation, which might occur if the pipe system was not closed at every terminal. If the handle is set for maximum charge of the cylinder, the consecutive turns of the spring 63 will contact will cover the inlet apertures 119 in the cylinder. If the handle is set for a lesser charge, the spring convolutions will have a, small space between them at the end of the chargeand the piston may The construction has, substantial mechanical advantage, since a six inch pull on the handle and corresponding rotation of the sheave wheel, ef-' fects but a two inch rise of the piston, so that with a tensile force say'of 15 pounds, a force of 45 pounds would be applied at the piston. The rotary shaft 86 and sheave wheel of the pump introduce frictional losses in the transmission much'smaller than would mechanical linkage or'a sliding member, and said shaft being above the highest level of oil in the pump unit, my con struction dispenses with the need for slidingstuffing boxes whose friction would increase the hand pull and diminish the pressure transmitted to the line, .The. dust excluding appliance at shaft 86, as heretofore noted, introduces no friction.

Moreover, as heretofore pointed out, the force required to overcome the compression of the spring is substantially uniform throughout the length of the piston stroke, so that the manual effort to charge the pump is not much greater at the end than at the beginning of the stroke.

. After the charging operation is thus completed,

the expansion of the spring 63 forces the piston Y downward upon the body of oil confined in the cylinder below apertures 119. By reason of the substantial resistance or viscosity of the oil, the valve V will be forced upward against itsseat 72 in the piston, so that the passage through the piston is closed tight during the operating stroke and the lubricant is, thus forced outof the cylinder pastvalve 66 through'the length of the pipe system and in parallel through the various-drip plugs to the bearings, The drip plugs ofieringa high resistance to the flow of lubricant there through, the descent of the piston even under the expansion of the highly compressed spring 63 will be relatively slow, as the force is-transmitted through the incompressible oilfilling thev pipe between the pump and the outlets. f

. In this operation, it will be seen that the maximum eifort of the spring is exerted as soon as the 1 operatin handle is released, so that the maximum pressure is applied substantiallyat the outset. As this pressure exceeds many times the resistance of each length of line added to that of the drip plug valve at the outlet end thereof, said valves will open substantiallyconcurrently; re-, gardless ofdifferences in the resistance thereof, and in thelengths of pipe leading thereto, and

the pressure will be sustained "throughout the discharging operation, since the compression-of the spring is not much reduced even at the end ofthe stroke. The spring is thus effective to discharge the cylinder 55tcornpletely and to seat the piston as shown in Fig. 2. J

' There being ordinarilya substantial interval between successive operations of the pump, "it

follows that even whenthe lubricant in the reservoir is low; suflicient will have seeped through the filter pad 106 in the intervalbetween operations, to fill the cylinder tocorresponding level, in the manner previously described The pump will, therefore, operate effectively almost until-thexres ervoir is completely drained of lubricant;

'Were any part of the pipe system between the pump andx-the drip plugs 'dilatableto a high degree, or were the system so constructed as to 'afiord thepossibility of trapping large quantities of air-therein, as when the pumpis operate'dwith the reservoir empty, the reliability of operation mightbe seriously impaired, because the pressure transmitted'from the piston stroke,inthe former event, would dilate the yielding-part of the line, and inthe latter compress any trappedair; in either case greatly reducing the pressure at the drip plugs. The trapped air would be compressed therein in the'charging stroke asihigh'pr higher than thaturging oil from the reservoir; 1

, My construction heretofore described avoids the dilatation of the pipe system, for the entire length thereof being preferably ofrigid-smalldiameter seamlessmetal tubing,'the pressure is reliably transmitted from the pistonto the outlet drip plugs as long as the system is completely filled with lubricant, which serves asan incom-.

pressible pressure-"transmitting agency;

My construction also avoids the objectionable compression of air into the line, for evenif the pump'were operated with the reservoir emptyor substantially empty, the operativeness of the system would not be impaired. In this operation, the piston would-beraised.through air, insubstantially the same manner as though oil, the valve V beingdisplaced'from the piston seat to allow the air to flow freely through the piston. In the return stroke of the piston, however, under .the expansive force of the spring 63, the valve V willremain below the piston seat '72, since the air medium has insufiicient viscosity to offer the resistance required to raise and seat the valve. The air, therefore, will by-pass freely through the spaces between the valve'supporting lugs and through the piston during the downward stroke, and will suffer no compression. The pipe system will thus at all times remain completely filled with lubricant and the possibility of forcing air thereinto by operation from any empty reservoir, is substantially precluded. The operation when repeated after replenishing the reservoir, accordingly proceeds without impairment, and in the manner heretofore'described.

Should'the oil in the reservoir be at such level that lubricant mixed with air is drawn past the piston in the charging stroke, then, in that event, the air would-thereupon, readily separate above the liquid in the cylinder chamber below the piston, so that in the discharge stroke, such air would escape past theopen valve V, after which said valve would close under the resistance due to the viscosity of the 011, all in the manner previously described.

After the operating .knob 2'7 hasbeen drawn outward, it would return but slowly under the slow expansion of spring 63 against the high resistance of the drip plugs, to the ejection of oil from the oil-filled system. Accordingly the op-.

. erator would merely push the handle back, so

that it would'be out of the-way. In the manual handle return, it will be seen that the-tube 125 slides over the plug 128 and the wire, 31' therein,

the latter being slowly pulled out to its'initial position by the slow rotation of the sheave wheel 32as the cable 101 unwinds from the shaft 86 in the spring return of the piston. In this case, it is preferred to provide the protective tube 134 with a bend or kink as at 143, which resists returning the pulling wire and possibly-throwing it off the sheave wheel, were it to be pushed back as a unit with the tube 125.

When the system is originally set up for use, the empty pipe system must first be filled with oil,

- and the air displaced therefrom. This is accomplished .by operating the pump in the normal manner, the oil forced into the pipe system at each pump discharge stroke, advancing-therein and displacing the air which escapes through the drip plugs. The pump piston will settle quickly in this'operation and substantially with a snap action, the drip plugs offering slightretarding resistance to the escape of the air. By this action, the knob 27 which had been drawn outward in the operation, is snapped back byv pull thereon transmitted from the piston through cable 101,

' shaft 86', sheave wheel .32 and pull wire 31. The

, passage of oil therethrough.

operator repeats'the pump action, until presently the operating knob 27 does not snap back, but

. settles slowly, which indicates that the pipe system has been completely filled with oil,'and that the drip plugs are exerting their resistance to the When after a period of use of the system, the

2 operating knob 27 again is automatically snapped back, after a charging operation, the driver is thereby immediately advised that the system re quires attention. In the usual case, this would occur. when the reservoir isempty or nearly Ii empty,iso that air rather than oil is passed to takably indicates the need for replenishing'the reservoir or repairing a broken pipe line.

In a system in which air could become confined and compressed, it will be apparent that the rapid settling of .the pump handle could not be relied uponto indicate the need for replenishing the reservoir, for this settling would occur even with an oil-filled reservoir, if the line trapped air which would easily yield to the discharge of the pump, regardless of the drip plugs at the outlets. Referring-again to the pump, the fit of the piston is not particularly tight, and since its normal position is well below the bottomof the tank, any lubricant present in the pump unit will wet the leather cup 80. The pump is thus primed at all times and will operate reliably whenever oil is present. v Moreover, the oil reservoir unit may be placed on the vehicle at any space available therefor, or at any place where filling would beconvenient, the operating handle beingplaced where it is conveniently accessible to the driver. The pump could, for instance, be at the right side of the dash and the handle at the left side of the instrument board, the connecting wire extending across, the vehicle and effectively transmitting the operating pull. The reservoir being circular could readily be disposed rotarily within its strap 11 to dispose the sheave wheel in the plane of the pull wire. It will also be seen that the me- ,keep the pads from sagging, while permitting free flow of lubricant therethrough. The stack is supported upon an inlet plate 147 whichis cut away at the inlet n pple side as at 148. The casing 18 which encloses the filter stack is closed by a cover 149 secured in place by bolts 150, an interposed gasket 151 maintaining thecasing oiltight. The separator frames 145 may be identical stampings, each rectangular in shape, rounded as at152 and 153 to clear the bolts 150. Each frame has an aperture 154 near one of the cornersand a notch 155 near the diagonally opposite, cornerthereof. Alternate separator. frames 145a, 1450, 145e, etc. are disposed with the notches 155 at the right, the intervening frames 145b, 145d,

etc. being arranged with their notches at the left. The filter pads are perforated near diagonally opposite corners to' form bores 156 and 157 through the stack. I

In operation, lubricant pressure applied from the pump through inlet nipple 20 is transmitted to the space 148 contiguous to the cover, determined by the lowermost wire mesh separator 160', thence through the bore 156 at the left, from which the lubricant passes in parallel through the contiguous notches 155 to the filter pads 144 ad jacent to'said notches, as best indicated by arrows in Fig. '8. The oil from the pads passes through frame notches 155 at the right side of the stack, as best indicated by arrows, to the outlet bore 157, whence it passes through the space 159 between the stack and the box, determined by the uppermost wire mesh separator 160, for delivery in parallel through the outlet nipples 22, 23, and 24. The flow of lubricant through the various outlet nipples isdeterinined substantially entirely by the resistance of the drip plugs on through the outlet nipples 22, 23, 24 to the pipe line, whence it is vent-ed through the drip plugs, as oil from the pump is forced into the line, until the filter and line are completely charged with lubricant without trapped air. system operates in substantially the manner previously described, except that the line filter constitutesan'additional refinement for removing the minute-st particles of dust that may have passed with the oil-throughthe filter 106 in the reservoir. Filter pads 14% being of small area and backed up by wire screen and the casing 18 being rigid, the filter is not subject to objectionable dilatation under the applied pressure, which will, therefore, be effectively transmitted t drip plugs. It will be seen that the unit described constitutes a combined filter and oil dividing.

fitting.

In Figs. 11 and 12 is shown an alternative ar-I rangernent for avoiding the compression of air into the pipe system. This construction is to be distinguished from that heretofore described in that, where the former by-passes any air otherwise sucked from an empty reservoir before it can enter the line, the latter allows the air to be admitted into the head of the line and then allows ready ventin without, however, relieving the pressure upon the lubricant. By this ar-' rangement a reservoir and pump assembly gen erally similar to that shown in Fig. 2 is provided wherein corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals primed however. The reservoir is shown strapped by a band 161 which is drawn at its end by bolts 152 toward a sheet metal support bracket 163 adjacent the reservoir. Each bolt nut 164 is located with a side contiguous to a flat 165 of a depression therefor in the filter bracket whereby the nut is locked. The bracket 163 has tongues 166 bent over against a filter 167 to retain the latter in place therein. The filter may be of any appropriate construction, for instance, that shown in Fig. 13. Integral lugs 168 on the bracket, serve for securing the assembly to the front of the dashboard. A pipe line 169 connects the pump discharge outlet to the inlet 170 of the filter, and an outlet fitting 171 in the filter delivers the oil to the pipe system, which may be similar to that shown in part in Fig. l. In-the present embodiment, the valve V is devoid of the supporting lugs shown in Fig. 2 and is held upward against seat 72 by a coil-spring s within the cage 76'. It will be seen that although the normal operation on oil in this Thereafter, the.

case is essentially the same as in the embodiment of Figs. 2 to 5, the springs would hold the valve V againstits seat in the piston, even should the latter operate on air rather than on oil, so that air pressure would build up in the pipe system, unless obviated by the arrangement now to be described or by some equivalent top of the filter, rather than to the small pipe line which communicates with the, bottom of the filter.

A short connector pipe 172 jointsthe filter -l6'l'- to the reservoir 35' and is attached to the top of the former by a drip plug fittinglTS, which may be identical with that shown in Fig. 10. The connector 172 is attached to the top or cover of the reservoir by an elbow fitting 174, although if desired, the two fittings 173, 174 may be interchanged, or'drip plugs may be provided at both endsof the connector 1'72.

Assume that air has become'trapped into the filter as by pumping from an empty reservoir.

Whenthe pump is again operated, after the reservoir been replenished," the oil from'the' there'ofi Should the pump be operated from anernpty' cylinder, air forced therefrom into the filtertlfifl would in the first instance findits way to the.

cylinder will rise in the filter 167 to eject'the" trapped air through the drip plug 173, which ofiers little or no resistance to the passage of air.- Theejectecl air passes through pipe 172 into the reservoir 35, whence it escapes through- After the trapped air has thus been removed from the filter, it will be apparent the cover 39.

that in the continued discharge of the pump, lubricant will be forced from theidrip plug 173 and in substantially the same manner and at substantially the same rate as it is forced from each of the other drip plugs on the line to the bearvings. The oil from drip plug 1'73 which does not flow to a bearing, drainsback into thereservoir through connector 172 and is'thus not wasted. As regards its effect on the lubricant flow, the air venting drip plug is equivalent to the addition of one more drip plug for an additional bearing on the line, which will require a proportionatelygreaterldischarge'of oil from the pump, the excess charge, as heretofore noted, being, however, inthis case returned to the reservoir.

Thus it will be seen that my'usual'drip plug when used as a venting outlet for any air which would otherwise be trapped, functions as a ready air relief, without permitting the building up airpressure, while lubricant, by virtue of its high viscosity'can be forced through such plug only by a slow drip action and without substantial relief of pressure. 7 The drip plug when used for air venting and the'by-pass valve construction shown in Fig. 2, it will be both operate broadly on the prin-- ciple of allowing ready escape for fluidsof low viscosity, such as air and sustaining the pressure of fluids of high. viscosity, such as lubricating oil. Thus, a drip plug may be substituted in thepiston in Fig. 2 in lieu of the valve, or a valve of the construction shown in Fig. 2 for the drip plug, in Figs; 11 and 12, although in each case, I

prefer the specific construction shown and dely to become trapped, and need not have a return to the reservoir. In such case, it might be desirable to employ at such places inlieu of the drip plug, a valve construction similar to that shown in Fig. 2, which would prevent the lossof the small amount of lubricant that would, in such arrangement, be wasted by escape from the drip plug or plugs.

While the systems shown in Figs. 1 to 12 have a preferred application to automotive chassis lubrication, it will be understood that the invention is of application broadly to the lubrication from a single source, of machines or mechanical installations, and factory or shop layouts, including line shafting, and that there are various other applications.

The lubricant and pressure source shown in Figs. 13 and 14 p In Figs. 13 and 14 is shown a further alternative form of pump and reservoir. This construction shows a continuous rectangular reservoir 176 which may be of seamless construction, without any soldered parts or bores through whichlubricant might leak. The pump and all of the related mechanisms including the oil inlet and the oil outlet are mounted on the cover 177. The flange 178 of the cover is clamped by means (not shown) upon a gasket 179 lodgedin the rim of the casing and maintaining the reservoir dust-tight. At one end of the cover 177, I have provided a vertical pressure filter through which the oil is forced in its passage to the line. The filter in this case, comprises a sheet metal box 180 within which are lodged a pair of filter pads 181 and 182 which may be of felt or other appropriate material, and which are securely sustained in spaced relation with respect to each other and to the walls of the enclosing casing by corrugated metal separators, separator 183 resting against the base of the box 180, a pair of similar metal separators 184 and 185 in superposed relation being interposed between the pads 181 and 182-and a fourth separator 186 being superposed over felt 182 to space the latter from the sheet metal cover 187, which is forced into the rim of the box and compresses the contained pads and separators, and is preferably soldered or brazed inplace about its rim. At the lower end, an inlet stud 188 extends transversely through the filter and through three superposed washers 189, 190 and 191 interposed between the two filters at this region. The bottom of casing 180 and the cover 187 are preferably dented inward as at 192 and 193 respectively, as shown in the drawings, for secure clamping relation of the parts thereat, the inlet stud 188 being clamped by a nut 194 threaded thereon, against said indented parts 192 and 193. The central washer 190 hasa radial bore 195 communicating with the longitudinal bore 196 through the inlet stud to admit the lubricant to opposite sides of the separators 184-.185, whence it passes in parallel along and through the two filter pads 181 and 182. A ball check valve 197 may be provided in axial bore 196 and is normally seated by a coil spring 198 reacting against a screw plug 199 closing the outer end of the post.

The filter in its entirety is securely sustained or supported upon the cover flange 178 by means of an outlet stud 200, which extends transversely through the upper end of the filter. The outlet stud, as shown, has a longitudinal outlet duct 201 and radial ducts 202 and 203 communicating therewith respectively from pads 181 and 182. Three washers 204, 205 and 206 about the outlet stud 200 are introduced between the pads 181 and 182, and a pair of washers 2107 and 208 about the outlet stud, are interposed respectively. between the base and the cover of the box and the contiguousfilter pads, said latter washers cut away as at 209 to allow passage for the discharge from the respective filter pads to the radial bores 202 and 203. The outlet stud has a flange 210 with a gasket 211 at opposite faces thereof, resting against the inner side of the reservoir cover flange 178 and the filter bottom 180 and a lock nut 212 threaded upon the outer end of the stud firmly clamps it upon the cover. A similar lock nut 213 is threaded upon the inner end of the stud and compresses the pads andwashers between the bottom and the cover of the filter box.

The operating pump cylinder 214 is preferably telescoped over and secured upon theinlet stud 188 to extend horizontally near the bottom of the reservoir. For this purpose, the inner end of the cylinder is preferably bent inward to form a flange 215 over a bottoming washer 216, a lock nut 217 threaded upon post 188 clamping flange 215 against filter cover 187 through an interposed compression washer 218. The cylinder 214 has a piston, which comprises a pair of cups 219 and 220 in end to end relation, locked into a unitary structure by a rivet 221, which affords a relatively large central or axial opening through the piston. The rivet is formed in a unitary stamping with a metal lining 222 for the inner of the cups 220 and said'lining carries adisk 223 at its inner end to form. a cage for the piston valve, which preferably is ofthe same type as those heretofore described. Briefly, the valve comprises a sheet metal disk 224 with upstanding lugs 225, velluinoid disks 227 and 228 being secured to opposite faces of said disk by a rivet 226. A weak coil spring 230 is disposed within the valve cage reacting against the bottom 223 thereof, and normally urging said valve against the seat 229,'which is pressed out from the rivet element 221.

The operating means for the pump piston comprises a shaft 231 extending transversely through the cover, above the highest level of lubricant in the casing, thereby dispensing with the need for packing at the bearings. The shaft has at its outer end, a sheave wheel formed of two disks 232 and 233 brazed together, the innerdisk 233 having a hub 234 extending over aflange 235 on the bearing 286, to substantially preclude the entry of dust into the reservoir, without, however, frictionally resisting the operation of the sheave wheel. The shaft has secured thereto by means of a transverse bolt 237 an operating cable loop 238 connected to an operating sector 239 upon a transmission shaft 240 well below the upper level of the casing.

The rock shaft is preferably of hexagonal or other non-circular stock, rounded at its journal ends 241. The bifurcated or yoke end 242 of a link 243 is keyed upon the shaft 240, the free end of said link being, in turn, connected to a second link 244 which extends into the cylinder 214 and is pinned as at 245 to the piston. The piston, as shown, is midway between the two sides of the casing and a pair of identical coil springs 246 and 2 l7are preferably provided to urge the piston to the discharged position shown in Fig. 13. The coil springs are hooked to the casing at their inner ends as at 248 and at their outer ends at notches 249 in. yoke arms 250, which are keyed over the rock shaft 240, to rotate as a unit therewith.

To avoid the needfor perforating the reservoir wall in order to form a bearing for the rock shaft 240, I preferably provide a separate support frame egen comprising an endwall 251 extending vertically downward from the cover and having an aperture 252 to celar the nut 213 of the outlet post, but

clamped as at 253 betweenthe pump cylinder 4 2 14 and the nut 194 through interposed gaskets 218 and 254. The support frame has lateral Wings 255 and 256 which may be and preferably are secured by rivets (not shown) to the reservoir cover, said wings extending, when the cover is applied, with little clearance, as shown, parallel to thelateral walls of the casing and having the apertures 257 to provide the bearings for the rock shaft. The support frame may also provide added bearing length for the operating shaft 231 which extends therethrough, as shown. a

By the construction described, with the filter say at the right end of the rectangular reservoir and the operating rock shaft near the opposite end of the rectangular casing, a substantial space is provided therebetween to accommodate a filter 2560f substantial area, which is desirable as the lubricant poured into the reservoir, might seep too slowly through a small area filter of texture sufficiently close to be efiective. The filling cup, as shown, is a cylindrical can 259 with a peripheral bead 260, resting upon a collar 261, in turn, lodged in a corresponding aperture in the reservoir cover. Strainer cup 262 which may be of copper mesh is supported from a metal annulus 263 mounted at the rim of the filling cup 259. The filling cup has a neck 264 fitted thereover and is provided with a hin ed cap 265 similar, to that shown and described in connection with Fig. 2. The bottom 266 is corrugated and is crimped and soldered to the side wall of the cup at 269. A removable corrugated sheet metal cap 263 presses the filter pad 258 against the bottom 266. Cap 263 has a rcversely turned flange 270 telescoped over the rim of the bottom 266 and secured thereto by a releasable snap lug 271. The corrugations are provided with perforations 269, to admit lubricant to filter pad 258 and to drain it therefrom into the reservoir therebelow.

In operation, the reservoir being assumed to have lubricant therein, at least to a level to cover the horizontal pump cylinder 214, the sheave wheel 232233 is rotated by tension applied to the pull chain or wire (not shown). Cable 238 will, therefore, wind around the rotating shaft 231, moving the sector 239 in clockwise direction, to correspondingly rotate the rock shaft 240, until the operating handle, which may be similar to that shown in Fig. 6 reaches the end of its-stroke. In this operation, lever 243 is rotated with the rock shaft and through link 244 draws the pump piston outward, the valve thereof by reason of the vacuum, unseating against the resistance of the coil spring 230, to admit lubricant through the relatively large low-resistance rivet aperture 221, into the inner end of the cylinder. During this operation, the levers 250 move with the rock shaft and the springs 246 and 247 are tensioned.

When the operating handle is now let go, the return or contraction of the springs 246 and 247 draws the levers 250 in counterclockwise direction to correspondingly rotate the rock shaft 240 and to press the pump piston inward through the lever 243 and link 244 to feed the pump charge to the line. During the discharge stroke, the piston valve remains closed against its seat 229 to urge the lubricant through the bore 196 of the inlet post, opening the ball, check valve 197, whence the lubricant is forced through radial passage 195 laterally of the separators 184-435,

upward through the two filter pads 181 and 182,. .in parallel, whence it escapes through; notches 209 in parallel and through the radial ducts 202 and 203 in the .outletpost to the longitudinal duct 201, from which it proceeds through the pipe system to the various drip plugs or other outlets inthe manner heretofore described.

In the charging operation, it will be seen that at the outset, the spring hookingv ends 249 of the levers 250 move substantially in thedirection of elongation of the springs 246247 and as the stroke proceeds, at a progressively increasing angle with respect thereto, so that the mechanical advantage of thetransmission between the sheave wheel and the springs increases, as the charging stroke is' performed, thus compensating 'for the tensioning of the spring. It follows that the manual force applied for operating the pump will remain substantially constant throughout the stroke and the need for I added effort toward avoided.

Similarly during the discharge operation, the spring is at its maximum tension at'the beginning of the discharge stroke, while the mechanical advantage of the application of its tensile force to the rock shaft is a minimum, and progressively increases as the contraction proceeds, to compensate for the diminishing tension the end of the stroke, is

of the springs, thereby assuring a substantially uniform high pressure upon the piston throughout the stroke. 4 f

In order to prevent the cable 238 from becoming slack during the return operation and pos sibly slipping off the arcuate sector surface, I

,provide a relatively weak coilspring'272 encircling the operating shaft 231 and anchored at one end 273 to an inwardly projecting finger 274 in the casing cover. At the other end, spring a sleeve 276, which encircles the operating shaft 231 and is pinned thereto by bolt 237, as shown. The coil spring 272 is tensioned in a direction opposite'to that in which the shaft 231 is rotated, in charging the pump, so-that it will unwind partly in the charging stroke. It follows that during the pump discharge," the spring 272 exerts a rotary impulse upon the shaft 231. to keep the cable 238 taut, as it is overcome by the more powerful springs 246 and 247, which in the discharge stroke, return the sector 239 to the position shown in Fig. 13. Y I

In the present embodiment, I have shown a, tongue .277 struck down from the end of sleeve 276 and tongues 278 and 279 struck in from.

the support frame in the path of tongue 277, act

as stops to limit the range 'of rotation of the ope'rating'shaft.

The line filter, in the present as in the embodiments of Figs. 1, 7, 8,9 and 12 is effective to remove substantially the finest particles of 'dust that may have passed with the oil through the filling filter. ,The line filter thus provides a high degree of refinement, avoiding the gradual upon operation from .an empty reservoir. In practice, unless all of the air is specially withaccumulation of dust at the drip plugs in pro 115 272 presses against a finger 275 projecting from I foruse, and unless the draining of the reservoir to a level below the top of the pump cylinder is at all times guarded against, difficulties might ensue in operation in the absence of some safeguard, such as-shown in Figs. 1 to 12. It is obvious that the lubricating installations disclosedin the present invention may be used in connection with mechanisms other than automobile chassis. The flow controlling or meter ing outlets of the lubricating installations to which this invention is particularly applicable maybe of the type set forth in my copending applications Serial No. 580,668, filed August 9, 1922, Serial No. 596,856, filed October 25, 1922, and Serial No; 695,740, filed February 28, 1924, as well as in my Patents Nos. 1,632,771, 1,732,212 and 1,746,139. The lubricating installations may aiso be specifically actuated as disclosed in said copending applications and patents.

I claim: 1

11 In a lubricating installation, in combination, a pump having a cylinder and. a discharge outlet, a piston therein. for pressure discharge oflubricant, a valve in said pump, closed during discharge action by'the pressure exerted thereon due to the viscosity of the lubricant in order to sustain the discharge pressure, whereby in case air is admitted to'the cylinder, the viscosity will be insufficient to seat said valve and the air will not be forced through the lubricant discharge outlet.

2. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a pump cylinder, a piston therein, avalve cage carried by said piston, a disk valve in said cage having spacer lugs to sustain the valve between the bottom and the top of the cage during the upstroke of the pistonfor by-passing lubricant through the piston and constructed and arranged tobe seated in thedown stroke of thepiston by reason of the viscosity of the lubricant medium, and to' remain at the bottom of the cage when the piston is operating on air.

3. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a piping system having a plurality of outlets to bearings to be lubricated, pressure operated valves maintaining said system charged with lubricant, a lubricant reservoir, a cylinder supplied therefrom and communicating with said'pipe line, a

plunger in said cylinder, for. applying pressure to the system, said plunger having a valve pressed closed during the operating stroke ofthe plunger upon lubricant; and remaining open in plunger operation upon any air entering into the path of the piston.

4. In a pump, in combination, a "cylinder, a piston therein having a valve seat, a valve cage and a disk valve gravity-seated upon the bottom of said cage to afiord relatively free passage for fluid during the upstroke of the piston and serving. by the viscosity of the liquid medium to close said piston during-the down stroke thereof, said valve remaining in its lowermost position away from said'seat in the down stroke upon an air medium;

5. Inaliquid pump, in combination, a cylinder, a piston therein havin'g a valve seat, a disk valve and a cage for said valve carried by said piston, said cylinder having a valve seat over which said cage is telescoped, to "maintain said "valvepressed against both said seats, said valve having supporting lugs, whereby upon the up stroke 'o' f s'aid piston, the valve will be raised by the rise of said cage from said second seat and will be maintained out of seating relation with respect to the piston.

6. In a lubricating installation, in combination,

a pressure chamber, an operating member therein a pump cylinder, a piston therein, a pipe system 3 supplied from said cylinder and having a plurality of outlets for escape of lubricant to bearings, means in advance of said outlets, determining the -distribution of the lubricant supplied from the pump, a vertical filter in the line to intercept any solid particles carried by the lubricant, said filter having an outlet to permit escape of any air trapped therein, said outlet constructed and arranged to sustain the pressure on the viscous lubricant. g I

8. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a pump, a pipe system supplied therefrom having a plurality of outlets to bearings, devices controlling the supply to each of the bearings when pressure is supplied to the line, means maintaining the line normally filled with'lubricant in advance of said devices, and an air vent at about or above pump ievel and at a part of the pipe line where air might become trapped, said vent highly restricted to resist relief of lubricant pressure thereat. V

' 9. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a reservoir, a pump supplied therefrom, a filter connected to receive the discharge from said pump, a pipe system supplied from said filter, said system having a plurality of outlets for simultaneous delivery to a plurality of bearings, means maintaining said system normally filled with lubricant, a return flow passage from the'top of said filter directly to the top of said reservoir, said passage having impedance therein affording high resistance to the flow of the viscous lubricant to sustain the pressure on the system, while affording ready escape for any air trapped in the filter.

10. Ina lubricating installation, in combination, a lubricant reservoir, 2. pump contiguous thereto and supplied therefrom, a plunger in said pump, a filter arranged vertically adjacent said reservoir and receiving the discharge from said cylinder, apipe system connected to said filter and having a'plurality'of outlets to bearings, high resistance drip elements in advance of the bearlngs, to determine the distribution of the lubricant charge thereto, means preventing escape of lubricant from the pipe system when the pump is not-operating, a return pipe from the top of the filter to the reservoir, and a high resistance drip element in said return pipe to allow ready escape therethrough of any air trapped in the filter, and sustaining lubricant pressure on the line.

11. A lubricant supply installation for a central chassis lubricating system, said installation comprising a pump having a casing in inobtrusive position in front of the dash, a spring discharged pump plunger in said casing, a rock-shaft extending through said casing, a pull handle for said pump accessible from the drivers seat, a flexible tension member connected between said handle and the exposed part of said rock shaft, and a flexible member within said casing connecting said plunger and said rock shaft.

12. An operating handle-for a lubricating system comprising a cylindrical casing, inclined with respect to the vertical, a rod slidably disposed within said casing and having a protruding handle end, a stop at the inner end'of said rod, and a stop pin adjustably mounted on said casing to limit the stroke of said handle for correspondingly said collar serving as an adjustable stop for said cap to predetermine the length of stroke.

14. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a pump, a readily accessible operating handle therefor having a plunger rod, a wire drawn by said rod to charge the pump, a protective sleeve for said wire, spring means discharging said pump, said sleeve being offset from a straight line, to frictionally resist movement of the wire, whereby the wire will be restrained by the offset in the manual return of the operating handle and will be pulled through the offset as the pump is discharged.

15. An oil pressure generator for lubricating installations comprising a reservoir, an operating cylinder mounted in said reservoir and having a wide inlet near .the bottom of the latter for ready entry of lubricant into said cylinder, a plunger in said cylinder, and operating means therefor projecting from said reservoir at a level above the highest point of lubricant therein, said reservoir having a filling cap, a large-area strainer therebelow for intercepting solid particles admitted with the lubricant, and a filter in said reservoir in the path of lubricant flow between said strainer and the cylinder outlet.

16. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, a reservoir, a cylinder extending longitudinally through said reservoir, a filling opening at the top of said reservoir, large-area, low-resistance openings in said cylinder and near the bottom of said reservoir for admission of lubricant to the latter, said cylinder having an outlet near the bottom thereof, a piston in said cylinder, a horizontal operating shaft above said iston, and a cable connecting said shaft and said piston.

17. Apparatus of the character described comprising a reservoir having a cover, a strainer and a cylinder in side by side relation and extending longitudinally within said reservoir, a filling cap in said cover above said strainer, a plunger in said cylinder, a horizontal operating shaft for said plunger above said cylinder, said cylinder having an outlet near the bottom thereof, a cable through said cylinder connecting said operating shaft to said piston, and large-area low-resistance lubricant inlet apertures in said cylinder near the bottom of said reservoir.

18. In a pressure generator for lubricating installations, in combination, a lubricant reservoir having a removable cover, a pump cylinderextending longitudinally through corresponding apertures in the base and in the cover of said reservoir and rigidly fitted therein and projecting below the base of the reservoir, a plunger within said cylinder, a spring within said cylinder normally seating said plunger at the bottom of said cylinder, wide inlet openings in said cylinder near the bottom of said reservoir, and operating 'means for said plunger extending longitudinally through said cylinder, said plunger having a valve through which the lubricant above said plunger passes on the up stroke thereof, and automatically closing during discharge.

19. In a pump, in combination, a cylinder, a piston therein, charging means comprising a transverse shaft above said-cylinder, a cable connecting said "shaft to said piston, the axis of said shaft being offset from the axial plane of said cylinder, so that the connecting cable about said shaft will extend to said piston axially of said cylinder, and spring means to discharge the pump.

20. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, a lubricant reservoir, a pump cylinder communicating with the lower part of said reservoir, a filter pad near the lowerpart of said reservoir above the communicating area, Q and open sustaining means between the bot-- tom of said reservoir and the surface area of said filter.

21. The combination set forth in claim 20 in which the spacer means for the filter pad comprises a flexible metal band wound about said cylinder and resting upon the bottom of the reservoir, and supporting the felt upon its upper convoluted edge. v

22 In apparatus of the character described, in combination, a reservoir having a filling opening, a strainer bag mounted therebelow, apump cylinder extending vertically through corresponding apertures in the base and cover of the reservoir laterally of the filter and protruding below the bottom of the reservoir, a piston with-E in the cylinder, spring means urging said piston to seating relation, inlet openings of large size in said cylinder near the bottom of the reservoir, tension means attached to said piston and extending longitudinally through said cylinder and through said spring for drawing the piston upward to charge the cylinder, a filter in 'said reservoir above said inlet openings, anda support retaining. said filter against sagging,;said support affording space between said filter and the bottom of said reservoir for-a filtered supply of lubricant for the cylinder. r

23. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, a reservoir, a cover therefor, pump operating means extending through said cover, a pump discharge fitting extending through said cover, afilter carried by said cover and extending downward therefrom,- a pump cylinder carried by said filter and having an inlet near the bottom of said reservoir, an operat ing piston in said cylinder, and transmission means in the reservoir between said operating means and said piston.

24. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, a rectangular reservoir, a cover therefor, an operating member extending from said cover near one end of the'reservoir, an outlet fitting extending from said cover near the opposite end of the reservoir, a, filter member carried by said outlet" fitting and extending downward therefrom to near the bottom of the reservoir, a pump cylinder carried by the lower end of said filter and extending horizontally toward the opposite wall of the reservoir, a piston .in said cylinder, 2. filling strainer cup of relashaft, and transmission means clearing said filter cup and connecting the operating shaft to said piston.

25. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, an imperforate rectangular reservoir, a flanged cover therefor extending above the reservoir, a pump near the bottom of said reservoir, horizontal operating and transmission shafts for said pump, vertical carrier means mounted on said cover and fitting in proximity to thelateral walls of the reservoir and serving as bearings for the shafts below the rim of the reservoir. r e

26. A lubricant pump comprising a rectangular reservoir, a flanged cover therefor, a suppor frame on said cover extending downward therefrom and having wings in close proximity to the lateral walls of the reservoir, a horizontal pump cylinder mounted upon the lower end of said support frame and extending near the bottom of the reservoir, ,a piston in said cylinder, an operating shaft through said cover, and transmission means between said shaft and said piston and including a rock shaft journalled below said cover in the wings of said support frame.

27. Apparatus of the character described, including a reservoir, a horizontal cylinder near the bottom of the reservoir having a piston, and operating shaft for said piston through said cover, transmission means between said shaft and said piston including a rock shaft, a sector rotatable therewith, a strap connecting said sector and said operating shaft, linkage between rock shaft and said piston, and a pair of coil springs symmetrically arranged at opposite sides of said cylinder and anchored with respect to said rock shaft to discharge said cylinder under pressure transmitted from said rock shaft through said linkage.

28. In a pump, in combination, a rectangular reservoir tank, a flanged cover therefor, a sup-- port frame secured to said cover and having a vertical end wall, and lateral wings extending in contiguity to the lateral walls of the reservoir, an operating shaft through said coveiga rock shaft below said cover journalled in said wings,

a filter secured against one side of said support frame end wall, between said wall and the contiguous end of the casing, a pump cylinder secured with respect to the bottom of said wall and extending horizontally near the bottom of said reservoir, a sector on. said rock shaft, a strap connecting said operating shaft to said sector, linkage actuated by said-rock shaft, connecting the latter to the piston, a pair of springs syn metrically arranged with respect to said piston, and arms on said rock shaft connected to said springs. V

29. An operating means for a pump comprising an operating shaft, a transmission includ ing a rock shaft, a sector on said rockshaft operatively connected to a pump, a strap connecting said operating shaft and said sector, and spring means to maintain said strap taut during the returnof the sector after operation or" the shaft.

30. A purnp comprising a cylinder, an ejector therein, a sring normaiiy urging said ejector to discharge position, pump operating means including a rock shaft, asector on said rock shaft operatively connected to one end'of' said spring, a flexible tension member extendingabout said sector, and spring meansto intain said ten sion member taut during the spring return of the sector in pump discharge.

31. A lubricating device comprising a reservoir including an imperforate cup-shaped base for storing lubricantand a cover therefor, and a reciprocating pump, a horizontally. pivoted actuator for said pump, a connecting link therebetween, resilient means also therebetween alternately stressed and released by said actuator, an inlet opening for said reservoir, a lubricant strainer, anda pump outlet all supported, on or from said cover, the pump being positioned 10wermost with a pump inlet adjacent the bottom of the base. r e

A reservoir and pump unit comprising an irnperforateopcn receptacle devoid of, mechanism, a cover removable with respect'thereto, a pump element carried by said cover and completely submerged in said receptacle, pump operating-means'carried by said cover and a spring fixed atone end by'said cover and at the other attached to the pump operating means normally retaining said operating means in a definite position. p

33. A supplyinstallation for a central lubricating system comprising a unitary imperforate reservoir having an open rim, a cover therefor, a pressure pump mechanism including operating means therefor carried by said cover, said pump having an inlet near the bottom of said reservoir, means conveying the discharge of said pump upward to said cover, and a coil spring iixed at one end by said cover and at the other attached to the pump operating meansmaintaining said operating member in position.

34. A lubricant pump and reservoir combination comprising a reservoir, a pump adjacent to the bottom of said reservoir, an actuating arrangement for pump attached to the top of said reservoir, a cylinder extending through said reservoir from said actuating arrangement to and in communication with said pump, actuating connections from said arrangement to said pump extending downwardly through said cylinder, openin said cylinder adjacent the bottom of said reservoir and lubricant cleansing means associated with said openings whereby said cylinder will serve to contain a supply of cleansed lubricant for the pump.

35. A lubricant pump and reservoir combination comprising a main reservoir, a subsidiary reservoir, a strainer arrangement through which communication is established between the main reservoir and the subsidiary, a pump positioned adjacent the bottom of said reservoirs and in direct communication with said subsidiary reservoir, an actuator for said pump attached to the top of-said reservoir and actuating connections from said actuator to said pump extending downwardly through said subsidiary reservoir.

36. A lubricant supply installation comprising an imperforatereservoir devoid of mechanism, a flanged cover therefor, a pump cylinder having its inlet and its outlet both near the bottom of saidreservoir, means suspending said cylinder from said cover, dirt intercepting means carried by said pump suspending means, a reciprocating plunger in said cylinder, means conveying the discharge of said pump upward, an,

outlet nipple through the flange of said cover I for connection tothe distributing system, and operating means for said pump including a rocking element at said cover and a pump operating transmission connecting said element with respect to said pump plunger and also carried by said cover, said operating means and operating transmission being connected with coil spring pump including piston and cylinder elements suspended from said cover member; having an outlet connection to said outlet in the cover member and positioned adjacent the bottom of the reservoir and an actuating mechanism for said pump supported by said cover comprising a reciprocating member, a horizontal pivotal axis member therefor, extensions from the cover supporting said axis member at the ends, coil spring means fixed at one end in respect to the reciprocating men her and at the other end in respect to the cover and axially extending generally toward and to one side of said pump, and means simultaneously to actuate the piston of said pump in one direction and stress said spring means,.whereby said spring means upon return to unstressed condition will tend to actuate the piston of said pump in a reversedirection.

38. A lubricating device including a reservoir with a cup-shaped enclosure and a cover member therefor, a filler opening in said cover member, an outlet in said cover member, a reciprocating pump including piston and cylinder elements, suspended from said cover member, having an outlet connection to said outlet in the cover member and positioned adjacent the bottom of the reservoir and an actuating mechanism for said pump supported by said cover comprising a reciprocating member, a horizontal pivotal axis member therefor, extensions from the cover supporting said axis member at the ends, coil spring means fixed at one end in respect to the reciprocating member and at the other end in; respect to the cover and axially extending generally toward and to one side of said pump, and means simultaneously to actuate the piston of said pump in one direction and stress said spring means, whereby said spring means upon return to unstressed condition will tend to actuate the piston of said pump-in a reverse direction, said spring means being elongated upon a charging movement of said piston and being decreased in length upon a subsequent discharging movement.

39. A lubricant supply installation for a central lubricating system comprising a reservoir having an imperforate bottom and side wall and an open rim, a cover therefor, a pump,.a pump carrying means depending from said cover, said pump having inlet and outlet port means, the former at the bottom of the reservoir and the latter leading through the cover, said pump carrying means including a strainer positioned close- 1y adjacent said port means to assurethe, supply f clean oil to said system,'a reciprocating actuating means for said pump, a support for said means extending from said cover, and coil spring means axially directed downwardly toward said pump for biasing said actuating means, said coil spring means being fixed at one end in respect to said cover and at the other end in respect to said actuating means.

it. A lubricant supply installation for a central lubricating system comprising a reservoir having an impericrate bottom and side walls and an open rim, a cover therefor, a pump plunger and a pump cylinder both carried by said cover,

the pump cylinder being rigidly attached to said I cover and the pump plunger being movable in respect to said cover, said pump cylinder being positioned adjacent to the bottom of the reservoir and having its inlet near the bottom of said reservoir and having an outlet through said cover, a strainer attached to said cylinder to assure the entry or" clean oil to said system, and reciprocating actuating means for said pump carried by said cover, a support ior'said means extending from said cover, and coil spring means axially directed downwardly toward said pump for biasing said actuating means, said coil spring means i being fixed at one end in respect to said cover and 'at the other end in respect to said actuating means.

41. A lubricant supply installation for a central lubricating system comprising a reservoir having an imperforate bottom and side wall and an open rim, a cover therefor, a pump, a pump carrying means depending from said cover, said pump having inlet and outlet port means, the

former at the bottom of the reservoir and the latter leading through the cover, said pump carrying means including a strainer loc'atedclosely adjacent to said port means to assure the supply of clean oil to said system, and also'carrying a reciprocating actuating arrangement extending downwardly irorn the cover which actuating arrangement comprises a coil spring fixed in respect to the actuating means at one end and to the cover at the other end, said spring tending to cause a-return reciprocation of said pump.

JOSEPH BIJUR.

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