US1928912A

US1928912A - Heat exchange apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1928912A
Application number: US463542A
Authority: US
Inventors: Paul A Scherer; Grahame B Ridley
Original assignee: SOUTHERN OREGON SALES Inc
Current assignee: SOUTHERN OREGON SALES Inc
Priority date: 1930-06-24
Filing date: 1930-06-24
Publication date: 1933-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 1950-10-03

Description

OC- 3, 1933 P. A. scHERER Er AL HEAT EXCHANGE APPARATUS Filed June 24, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l PAU/ ,4.5'c/1'Eese. @eww/vf' E @a fr BY Mal/ZM ATTORNEYS.

Oct. 3, 1933.

P. A. SCHERER El' AL HEAT EXCHANGE APPARATUS Filed June 24. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 WW2/MW A TTORNE YS.

Oct. 3, 1933. P. A. scm-:RER Er AL HEAT EXCHANGE APPARATUS Filed June 24, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 la r' S W W f ,a

r/Mfs. n 2% ,.7/ 4N LCM a ZY, CVB.

Patented Oct. 3, 1933 Y 1,928,912 HEAT EXCHANGEAPPARATUS Paul A. Scherer, VMedford, Oreg., and Grahame B. Ridley, San Francisco, Calif., assignors toV Southern Oregon Sales, Inc., VMedford, Oreg., a

Y corporation of Oregon Application June 24, 1930.r sei-iai No. 463,542

7 claims. (c1. '261-103) This invention relates lgenerally to apparatus for effecting contact between .gases and liquids, particularly for the purpose of effecting an exchange of heat. Y

It is anY object of the present invention to generally improve upon apparatus of the above character whereby heat can be exchanged Vbetween liquid and gas more eiiiciently,and whereby such apparatus can be constructed and maintained a minimum of expense. l

It is a further objectA of the invention to devise a novel 'apparatus of the above character whereby air or other gas can be brought into contact with av liquid'and conditioned. For example in one desirable application to Abe presently described air is heated by being brought into contact with a heated chemical solution, and at the same time the air is conditioned as to its humidity.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the vfollowing description in which the preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in detail in conjunction with accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the appended claims are to be accordeda range of equivalents consistent with the state of the prior art.

Referring to the drawings: n

Figure 1 is a side elevational view in cross section, illustrating -a heat exchange apparatus embodying principles of the presentinvention.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 2,-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an ,enlarged detail illustrating a part of the heat exchange apparatus shownin Figs., 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 isa: cross sectional detail taken along the `line `4 4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a'system which can incorporate the apparatus of Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a system which can also incorporate the apparatus o Figs. 1 to 4 in clusive.-f

Figs. 'l and 8 illustrate diagrammatically a sys- -tem for controlling the ow of gas or air into r contact with a plurality of heat exchange units.

The various features of the invention can be bestV explained by first describing the heat exchange apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive. Thus vwe have shown an enclosure formed by upperand lower walls 11 and 12, and `side walls 13, which serve to define a passageway 14Yfor iiow of air or other gas. One end Aof passageway 14 is in communication with a conduitor duct 16, thru which the air or other .gas can be introduced. `The other end of pas- "surfaces of itsV corresponding member 22.

sageway 14 communicates with an exhaust duct .or conduit 17. Within passageway 14 we ar- ,range Vsheets of cloth together with means for continually maintaining these sheets saturated Ywith liquid, and these cloths are arranged so as toaiford a large area for contact with the gas with aV minimum of flow resistance.

In the specific form illustrated the parts with-- in passageway 14 consist of a plurality of parallel spaced liquid delivery pipes 18, which preferably extend in ageneralhorizontal position as shown in Fig. 1. 'Ihese pipes can rest upon suitable spaced cross bars or members 21. For av purpose which will be presently explained, other Vmembers 22 extend beneath the liquid de- 70 livery pipes 18, and preferably these members 22 extend in a general horizontal direction parallel to pipes 18 as shown in Fig.-1. Members 22 can be conveniently supported by cross members 21,

and in practice can be formed of wooden strips.

A plurality of strips 23 of suitable material which can be readily saturated byv liquid, as for example canvas, are draped over the liquid delivery pipes 18. These strips are draped in such a manner that depending loops are formed between 30 vadjacent liquid delivery pipes, thus forming cloth sheets 24 depending from' the side edges of each memberV 22. Sheets. 24 canv be isuitably tensionedby providing bars 26 within each loop, and the end sheets of each strip 4can lbe simi- 85 larlytensioned by bars 27.

' As shown more clearly in Fig. 4 each liquid delivery pipe v18 is provided with Vsuitable slots or openings 28,' tovdeliver liquid to the upper 90 As shown in Fig. 3, cleats or equivalent members 29 can be fastened upon members 22 adjacent the side edges of each-strip 23, sol that an -appreciable depth of liquid will be maintained upon `members 22 between the cleats. It is apparent 95 `that this construction forms liquid troughs, each trough having two sides formed by the cloth str-ips or equivalentporous material.

' *As shown in Fig. 1, for supplying liquid to 'pipes 18, these pipes can be connected with a 10 common header pipe 3l, which in turn is connected to -the liquid supply pipes 32.- As liquid drips or runs ofi of the cloth strips, it can be collected upon the bottom Wall or floor 12 and drained away thru pipe 33. lo

' In order to explain the mode of operation of the apparatus described above, it will be presumed that cold brine solution is being supplied ing chamber or compartment.

.duidt The cold brine solution is delivered by pipes 18 to the upper surfaces of members 22, and the upper portion of each depending sheet 24 is therefore in intimate contact with a head of brine solution maintained between. members 29.. The. brine solution` is. therefore delivered'- uniormly across the entire width of each sheet 24, so that the depending portion of the sheet is kept continuously and uniformly saturated. The brine solurtion is prevented from running down between the side edges of member 22 and the adjacent portions of sheet 24, which might. result inimproper saturation of the' sheets.,v both because of the fact that the sheets, are. tensione@ and, be-v cause thesey wet sheets adhere to the side edges of member 22. In fact the liquidis delivered in a most eicient manner intoand thru thepores of the cloth. The air passing thru passagewayY 14 comes into intimate contact with the liquid with which:v the cloths; are: saturated. andibecause. oli the relatively large exposed areaof the liquid.. the brine solution eiicienirly` absorbs: heat from the air.A Thefar; caarffiowithru passageway L4i with relativelyl highvelocity, without disturbing therciathV sheets, diie torthe fact. that; these vsheets are nominallytensibned Withfrcspectto V.they-floyvof a-irit should bet noted@ that. thev air owvcan be: controlled andfbetter distributed by providing' adjustable: vanas: 36. in; the entra' Ve portion. ot passageway' 14.-;

It is. apparent, that. while the novel heat exchanger described abone gives gpodresults aznd is desirable as: an exchanger forl usey in ya refrigerator' systemto cool mi):A circulated; thru a storage-comparinnentor. chambenit. is.n alsoy capabla of Y use` with other. apparatus; orY systems; where it isY desired. to secureintimate: contact between gas and liquid. For example-it. can

where chemical. actiomis. efectedbetwecn gas and., liquids or to-secure.- a transiiarlcf. heatr from a gasto-a liquid,ratherjthan the converseftransfen as in a rofigerataine: System; or can. be employed: for condensing;l vaporfrom: gasepus Inl Fig. 5-we have indicateda system utilizing4 heat. exchange apparatuurt suchv asf described above inta systemxfonheatingyain'onother gas. In .this case: the heat exchange: apparatus is represented diagrammaticaliy at.. 38, andv forms a. passageway( 38 thruwhich, the air: on gas is caused to flow. Liquid suppliedl tolthegheatzexf changer is caused` to; flowv thru ay suitable heater 41, andf is: delivered-by.- pump1g42-z tof-the heat; ex-

, changer' Sil-thru pipef; `Eromthe heat.. ex-

change apparatus theliquidvcam be returned to the heater thmr pipo. 44.

.AJ system ofthe;firmer.illustratedA in.: Figc. 5 can be. advantageously employed for-tho purpose of .heatingl airy tofbe suppliedato. noomsorbuildings.

In. this connectionv we preferto, circulate a; liquid of. such-l. a, natura that. it: will; serveto.` automatically condition. the airhaated by passage; thru passageway39.. Thusfwe-earrcirculate a: chemicahsolution. suchas aasolution oi-calcium chloridein water.. Such a. solution hasthecharac.-

teristic of. absorbing moisture.from-t ain in1contact with; the same iii-fthe event that the air is saturated, with. moisture; or rif vthe-.air is,v relatively dry, a certain amount. ot moisture.will-. be imparted to it by the chemical solution..A Thus in the, system. of Fig. 5. if; chemicalA solutionI havingY suitable characteristics lillo-r calcium chloride is employedtheair c ausedtaflow thru passageway 39. i`s-not only heated. to. a desired temperature,

but theair wllalsobe conditionedas tohumidity and the humidity maintained within certain predetermined limits without the use of an additional humidity control. Y

In place of utilizing a single heat exchange unit of the type illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusiye, we can utilize a.v plurality of such units for. securing greater capacity. When.v a plurality of units are employed it is possible to control the fl'ow of'liquid in such a manner as to control the amount of heat imparted to the gas or air, or to control the temperature of the gas or air treated. Thus as shown in Fig. 6 we have shown two heat exchange units 46. and 47, which are arranged to.eiiect .anexchange of heat with respect to air or:v other. gas owfing thru passageway 48. Pipe 49, serves to conduct liquid to unit 46, and pump 51 serves to introduce liquid into this pipe from heater' or cooler' 52;

l Pipes

53 and 54 serve t0 retunnliquid from unit 46 back to the heater or cooler 52. By means of branch pipe 55, liquid canalso. bey diverted' frornpipe 49 tothe unit 47,

and pipe, 56 can: serveV to return'liquid from unit fample valves 57 and:V 58 are shown in pipe 49,

.andi valve59 in branch: pipe 55. Branch pipe 61 serves to' connect' someY point between valve 59 and unit 47 with -a pointzbetween pipes 54 and 5m Pipe 61V isi controlled by valve,Y 62, and pipe 514i by valve 63". v

Assuming that liquid is being: circulated' and thatit is being cooled by device 52, by opening valves57, 58, 59? and: 63, whilevalve 62 is.closed, the cold liquid will ilow in two parallel paths thru units 46 andf47, so that-bothunits aremain.- tained at; substantially the same; temperature. Assuming now. that it is desired tov decrease the capacity ofthe system, valve 5.8 can be closed so thatthe air passing thru passageway 48. willl be cooled'f only by unit 47; Another alternative is toi open valves4 57, 581 and." 62, and close valves 59E'and 63a Inths case thea liquid" will be circulated thru thei units 46r and 4T inl series, so that unit 46 will be maintained at the lowest temperature and unit 47 at a. somewhat higher temperature. Air-flowing ilrst` thru unit 47y and then thru unit 46 willl therefore be efficient-ly cooledlin stages by contacting successively with Yliquid at successively lower temperatures.

duits- *ory passages 76 andf 77, which are` shown providedwithsuitable valves 78 and'79. Passageway 76=

isshown incommunicationrwith conduits

81 and 82, and'lpassageway 77 in communication with conduits 83' and 84". These conduits are shown controlled byvsuitable valves: 86, 87, 88

and/89. l

Assuming that the arrangement'. of" Fig. 7 is -being employed in a refrigerating. system and thatcold brine is being supplied' to

units

71 and 72;,

valves

86, 78, 7.9'and184 can be opened, and air: to be contacted with the cold brine intro- .ducedthru. conduit 81 and. removed thru; conduit Vpassages 73 and 74 are connected by header conf 'Mui 84. Thus air will ow thru both of the

units

71 and 74 in parallel. If the air is to be cooled to a lesser degree, valve 79 can be closed so that the air is only passed thru unit 71. As indicated in Fig. 8, by opening

valves

86, 79, and 87, while

valves

78, 88,Y and 89 are closed, air can be introduced thru conduit 81 and removed thru conduit 82. In its passageair will then ilow rst thru unit 72, and thereafter thru unit 7l. Such an arrangement may make for better efiiciency, particularly where the brine introduced into unit 71 is at a lower temperature than the brine introduced into unit 72.

We claim:

1. In apparatus of the character described, a plurality of spaced parallel liquid delivery pipes arranged in a substantially horizontal position, a strip of cloth draped over said pipes to provide depending loops below said pipes, a plurality of spaced members parallel to said pipes, each member being disposed below a corresponding pipe, the edges of each of said members being in contact with adjacent portions of the cloth, and means for normally tensioning the depending cloth loops.

2. In apparatus of the character described, a substantially horizontal liquid delivery pipe, a substantially horizontal member disposed below said pipe whereby liquid from the pipes is delivered to the upper surface of the same, and a strip of cloth draped over the pipe and contacting with the edges of said member, said cloth thereby forming two sheets depending from the edges of said member. i

3, In an apparatus of the character described, depending sheets of material capable of being saturated by a liquid, means for supporting said sheets in spaced relationship, means for supplying liquid between said sheets, and a member below said liquid supply means and having its side edges in contact with said sheets, whereby a head of liquid is formed on the upper surface of said member by liquid distributed thereon from said supply means, said head being in contact with said sheets to saturate the same.

4. In an apparatus ofthe character described, depending sheets of material capable of being saturated by a liquid, means for supporting said sheets in spaced relationship, means for supplying liquid between said sheets, a member below said liquid supply means and having its side edges in contact with said sheets, whereby a head of liquid is formed on the upper surface of said member by liquid distributed thereon from said supply means, said head being in contact with said sheets to saturate the same, and means adjacent the ends of said member forming a trough with said sheets to maintain the head.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, depending sheets of material capable of being saturated by a liquid, means for tensioning and supporting said sheets in spaced relationship, means for supplying liquid between said sheets and adjacent the upper portions thereof, a member adjacent the upper portions of said sheets and below said liquid supply means, said member having its side edges in contact with said sheets whereby a head of liquid is formed on the upper surface of said member by liquid distributed thereon from said, supply means and said head being in contact with said sheets to saturate the same, and means adjacent the ends of said member forming a trough with said sheets to maintain the head:

6. In an apparatus of the character described, depending sheets of material capable of being saturated by a liquid, means for supporting said sheets in spaced relationship, a member having its edges in contact with said sheets, and means for distributing liquid upon said member,'whereby a head of liquid is formed upon the upper surface of said member, said head being conned by and in contact with said sheets for a substantial distance above the level of said upper surface .to saturate said sheets.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, depending sheets of material capable of being saturated by a liquid, means for tensioning and supporting said sheets in spaced relationship, a member having its edges in contact with said sheets, means for distributing liquid upon said member, and means adjacent the ends of said member forming a trough together with said sheets, to maintain a head of liquid upon the upper surface of said member to saturate said sheets.

PAUL A. SCHERER.

Aso