US1928313A - Furnace lining anchor - Google Patents

Description

Sept- 3- 4 w. H. GAYLORD, JR 1,928,313

FURNACE LINING ANCHOR Filed May 25, 1931 INVENTOR ATTQRNEY Patented Sept. 26, 1933 PA-TENT OFFICE 1,928,313 FURNACE LINING ANCHOR Willis H. Gaylord, Jr.,' New York, N. Y., assignor to "Quigley Company, Inc., a corporation of New York Application May 25, 1931. Serial No. 539,845

6 Claims. (01. 72-401) This invention relates generally to the proper anchoring to a wall of a monolithic facing layer therefor and more particularly isdesigned to effect such anchoring of refractory linings to furnace walls. e

Such furnace linings are applied in plastic condition to the wall surfaces and then allowed to set. As the lining is heated in use to a much higher. temperature than that to which the wall 10 is subjected, and usually has a coefficient of expansion and contraction different from that of the brick wall, the cementitious adhesion of the layer of refractory composition to the wall surfaces is not suflicient to maintain the bond dur- !5 ing successive periods of heating and cooling of the furnace. Such original bond is soon broken by tendencyof the lining layer to creep sidewise along the wall surface.

Also the temperatures at and near the exposed surface of the lining are so high, and the disintegrating action of the furnace gases on metal is so destructive, that ordinary anchoring or tying.

devices for holding the lining in. place are soon destroyed, because the heads of'such anchor. bolts must extend nearly to the exposed surface of the,

deeply in the lining, so as to protect said bolt from temperatures so high as to be destructive.

Moreover, by employing a loose connectionbe- 40 tween said member and the bolt head so that the bolt may remain firmly anchored in the wall even if the lining or facing layer of refractories creeps slightly at right angles to the bolt axis, the tie between lining and wall is preserved without loosening the bolt anchorage in the wall, or cracking the lining.

The invention has other advantages which will be hereinafter pointed out, or are obvious on inspection by those skilled in the art.

The best form of apparatus embodying the invention, at present known to me, is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a horizontal cross section of a fragment of a furnace wall and lining showing the invention applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a similar vertical section taken on a plane at right angles to that'of Fig. 1 along line 2-2 thereof;

Fig. 3 is a detail section on an enlarged scale taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, and e V Fig. 4 shows a modified form of one detail of construction.

Throughout the drawing like reference characters indicate like parts. A is the monolithic lining or facing and B the furnace wall which it protects. 1 is a holding member in the form of a strip or plate adapted to be embedded in the lining when the latter is being first applied, in plastic condition. This plate is shown as an elongated strip but may be of any desired outline. It is preferably composed of some highmelting material such as a manganese-nickel alloy. It has a substantially centrally located portion 2, which is offset to a considerable extent from the plane of the surface of the main and outer portions of 751 the plate, and in the case of an elongated strip or plate such as here shown this offsetting can be effected by strip sections 3, 3, bent at right angles'to the adjacent sections. Preferably the plate or strip has holes 4, 4, formed 'in it to permit a keying action of the plastic refractory when pressed aroundthe holding member. 5 is an opening in the offset portion 20f the plate large enough to receive and loosely hold a bolt 6 screwed into the expanding anchor sheath '7 set in the hole 8 in wall B. The bolt head 9 is too large to pass through opening'5, and may be slotted ,as shown to receive the end of. a screw driver by which the bolt maybe screwed in place. 10 is a sleeve having an internal diameter greater than the diameter of bo1t'6, and a length less than that'of the bolt so that it may serve as a spacing element between the holding member land the surface of wall B, when the parts are assembled as shown. Preferably this sleeve has a shouldered end 11' of reduced external diameter adapted to-fit snugly into opening 5 in member 1, though it may be simply made a snug fit in hole 5, without any shoulder being formed 7 on it, as shown in Fig. 4 at 10a. These sleeves can be made of any cheap material, such'as heavy paper or crushable clay.

In use, the bolt anchor-sheaths 7 are first set in hole 8, and the other parts of the apparatus are assembled, as shown, before the lining A is applied. The bolt is screwed in tightly enough to bring the offset portion 2 of plate 1 (or the bolt head, if the form shown in Fig. 4 is used) to a bearing'on the end of the sleeve 10. This will hold the plate in proper position while the plastic refractory material is being put in place around it. When the sleeve 10 has been completely surrounded by the plastic material the bolt may be screwed in a little further so as to ensure a tight joint. If the sleeve is collapsible, being made of paper stock or clay, this collapsibility will permit such further screwing in of the bolt.

I prefer to make the sleeves above described out of paper tubing of standard sizes as these can be bought cheaply in lengths now on the market and then easily cut up on the job to make the short sleeves of any desired lengths, as indicated at 10a in Fig. 4. Preferably the end of the sleeve should fit snugly into the hole 5 in the plate as there shown, but it might be of any proper diameter, so long as it bears on plate 1 and so serves the purpose of holding the plate away from the wall B while the lining material is being applied, and leaves a free space around the shank of the bolt.

When the job has been completed and the lining has set the bolt is still surrounded by an open air space so that it can bend inany direction without cracking the lining, if the latter moves along the wall surface as a result of expansion or contraction under temperature variations, or other causes. Also the holding plate may in such cases move with the lining without even bending the bolt, as the clearance in' hole 5 may i permit this.

The high melting material of the plate or strip 1 will withstand the high temperatures near the lining face, while the more fusible bolt is protected by the additional thickness of lining over it, resulting from its countersunk relation to the main portion of the plate or strip.

Various changes could be made in the details of construction here shown without losing the benefit of my invention so long as the general 'relation of parts and. mode of operation above described are substantially preserved.

Thus while in the drawing the anchor strip 3 is shown extending in a horizontal direction, it would be equally effective if embedded in the lining while in a verticalor inclined position, and means other than the sleeve .10 might be employed for holding the strip or plate 3 in a position substantially at right angles to the axis of the bolt 6, while the plastic lining material is being applied ,to' the wall around said strip and bolt.

Having described my invention, I claim:

l. In a furnace comprising an outer brick wall and aninner monolithic lining of refractory material, the combination with said above described structure, of means for connecting said wall and lining comprising, in combination, a metal strip of much greaterwidth than thickness and made of a material having a relatively high melting point embedded in said lining and having its medial portion considerably offset so that while its end portions are located near the face of said lining, said medial portion is much nearer the face of said wall, and a bolt anchored in said wall and having its head which engages said offset portion of the strip deeply embedded in and protected by said refractory lining.

2. A combination such as defined in claim 1 in which said strip has a plurality of perforations to engage the surrounding lining mass.

3. A fastening device for use in holding amonolithic furnace lining to a furnace wall which comprises, in combination, a relatively thin plate having an opening located substantially centrally thereof in a section offset considerably from the plane of the main portion of the plate surface, a bolt extending through said opening and having ahead of larger diameter than the said opening, and a sleeve of internal diameter larger than the diameter of said bolt surrounding it throughout a portion of its length and having one end adapted to fit snugly into said plate opening: whereby, when said bolt is anchored in a furnace wall, said sleeve will serve as a spacing element to hold said plate in a predetermined spaced-away position from the wall surface.

4. A combination such as. defined in claim 3 in which the end of said sleeve engaging said plate has a reduced external diameter.

5. A combination of means foranchoring a monolithic lining to a furnace wall comprising a sheet metal member of relatively considerable surface area having a perforation located substantially centrally thereof, an anchor bolt passing through said opening but having a head which will not pass through'it, and a thin walled sleeve of relatively flimsy construction having an internal diameter considerably greater than the external diameter of said bolt and a relatively considerable length as compared with said bolt diameter; whereby, when the free end of said bolt is anchored in a furnace wall with said sleeve surrounding the shank of said bolt and held between the wall and said sheet metal member, and a layer of plastic material is applied to said wall submerging said assembly of elements, an annular, open space will be left around the portion of the shank of said bolt projecting from the wall, in which space it may'flex in any direction to permit said layer of material to slide slightly along the furnace wall after it has been set and hardened, without destroying its anchorage thereto. V 6. A combination such as defined in claim 5 in which said sheet metal member has areas of considerable extent sharply offset from its perforated portion and away from said bolt; wherebyisaid offset portions may extend nearly to the outer surface of the layer of plastic material in which it is located while the bolt is deeply submerged in said layer.

WILLIS H. GAYLORD, JR.

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