US1928209A - Perforated record card - Google Patents

Perforated record card Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1928209A
US1928209A US426581A US42658130A US1928209A US 1928209 A US1928209 A US 1928209A US 426581 A US426581 A US 426581A US 42658130 A US42658130 A US 42658130A US 1928209 A US1928209 A US 1928209A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
perforation
card
column
positions
perforations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US426581A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Albert W Mills
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE372363D priority Critical patent/BE372363A/xx
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Priority to US426581A priority patent/US1928209A/en
Priority to GB3783/31A priority patent/GB372363A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1928209A publication Critical patent/US1928209A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06—Details or accessories
    • B67D7/08—Arrangements of devices for controlling, indicating, metering or registering quantity or price of liquid transferred
    • B67D7/16—Arrangements of liquid meters
    • B67D7/163—Arrangements of liquid meters of fixed measuring chamber type
    • B67D7/166—Arrangements of liquid meters of fixed measuring chamber type comprising at least two chambers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/04—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • FIGA PERFORATED RECORD CARD Filed Feb. 7, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 2
  • FIGA PERFORATED RECORD CARD Filed Feb. 7, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 2
  • This invention relates to record cards adapted for use in connection with perforated card controlled accounting machines such as the well known Hollerith tabulating machines.
  • perforated card controlled accounting machines such as the well known Hollerith tabulating machines.
  • a record card is provided with a plurality of vertical rows of index point positions.
  • a common form of card includes 45 such vertical rows with ten positions in each column for representing the numerals from zero to nine. Additional positions above the zero position may be employed to indicate additional data, such as 11 and 12, where it is desirable to record all of the months in a single column.
  • a single perforation is made in a vertical column. This perforation is made at a particular point to represent a particular numeral. For instance, if it is desired to record the numeral 9 in a particular column, a perforation will be made in the 9 position in that column, and so on.
  • the card may also be analyzed by sensing pins in which case the card is stopped at a sensing position and the pins projected against the card.
  • the pin detecting a perforation will pass through the card and control the accumulating and printing operations of the machine.
  • the number of characters entered in a single column 40 on a card has been limited. It has been customary to effect punching in the columnsat a very limited number of positions.
  • two or more perforations were made in the column, the combination of perforations being used to control the operation of the machine.
  • the object of the present invention is to devise a system of perforating whereby a large number of characters may be represented by the punching of a single hole in a column on the card.
  • Fig. 1 shows a card having 80 vertical-columns, each column having ten numbered index point positions bearing the characters 0 to 9.
  • Fig. 2 shows a card of the same size having 45 columns of index point positions.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged section of the card shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail section of the card shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 shows a card similar to that of Fig. 2 in which the card may be divided across the middle and separate sets of data entered in the upper half and in the lower half.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing the manner in which the card may be used to control the setting of type carriers to cause printing of values or characters represented by the perforations in the card.
  • Fig. 1 the card 1 shows ten index point positions in each vertical column. Each of these positions represents one of the numerals from 0 to 9. A perforation in any one of these positions may represent the character printed in the position. Thus in the first column a perforation 2 is shown in the 9 position representing the value 9. In the second column a perforation 3 represents the value 8. In the remaining and succeeding columns, perforations represent the values 7 and so on down to zero. In the eleventh column a perforation 4 is shown slightly above the position of the perforation 2 of the first column.
  • a perforation 5 is shown slightly below the position of the perforatipn 3 of the second column and in the twelfth column a perforation 6 is shown in a position midway between the positions of the perforations 4 and 5.
  • additional perforation positions are employed between each horizontal row of numerals.
  • the perforation 2 is shown in the first column, the perforation 4 is in the second column, the perforation 6 is in the third column, the perforation 5 is in the fourth column, and the perforation 3 is in the fifth column.
  • This system is continued on up to the upper end of the columns so that instead of having only ten index point positions in each column, thirty-seven or more such positions may be used.
  • any one of these perforations may be made in the 105 single column. If all of the perforations were made in a single column there would, of course, be a continuous slot from near the upper edge of the card, all the way to near the lower edge thereof, but it is to be understood that only one per- 110 foration will be made in a single column and I such perforation will represent any one of thirtyseven or more different characters depending upon its position.
  • the numerals may be represented by perforating the numbered index point positions as in the first ten columns.
  • the positions between the numbered positions may be used to represent other characters such as the letters of the alphabet and additional characters.
  • any one of three letters of the alphabet may be recorded between adjacent upper and lower numeral index point positions.
  • a perforation in the upper position may represent 0
  • a perforation in the 1 horizontal line will represent the value 1
  • perforations in the three intermediate positions may represent the letters A, B and C.
  • all of the characters of the alphabet may be placed between the numerals and additional characters such as a period, comma, dash, etc., may be recorded.
  • any suitable machine may be employed for analyzing the card to ascertain the character represented by a perforation in a given position. It will, of course, be necessary that the perforation sensing elements be able to distinguish between the overlapping positions. In other words, the perforation sensing elements would sense the intersecting points of the horizontal line's designated 0, A, B, C, etc., and the vertical lines of each column. If an intersecting point is at the middle of a hole, the hole -will record the data represented by the intersecting point.
  • the vertical columns are very closely spaced and therefore an elongated perforation is used to represent data in any particular column.
  • Fig. 2 the columns are more widely spaced and the regulation round perforation may be employed.
  • the card 1a has a perforation 2a in the 9 position of the first column.
  • the second column is perforated at 3a to represent the value 8.
  • the eleventh column has a perforation 4a at a position slightly above the perforation 2a.
  • the thirteenth column has a perforation 5a slightly below the position of the perforation 3a and the column 12 has a perforation 6a between the positions of the perforations 4a and 5a.
  • any one of the perforations may be effected in each column.
  • the card 1a is shown as having a perforation 2a in the 9 index point position or column 1.
  • the fifth column has a perforation 3a representing the value 8 and perforations 4a, 6a and 5a are recorded in columns 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
  • the card 7 has a horizontal dotted line 8 dividing the card into upper and lower halves.
  • the index point positions of each column in the upper half are numbered 0 to 4 inclusive, and the index point positions in the column on the lower half are numbered 5 to 9.
  • a perforation 9 above the upper horizontal row of numerals may represent zero
  • the perforation 10 may represent the value 1
  • the perforation 11 may represent the value 3
  • an intermediate perforation 12 may represent the value 2 and so on down
  • the perforation at 13 representing the value 9.
  • the perforations in the first 10 columns in the lower half of the card may in like manner represent the values from 0 to 9.
  • each column in the upper half of the card may, of course be numbered 0 to 9 instead of from 0 m4 and the index point positions of each column on the lower half of the card may also be numbered 0 to 9 instead of 5 to 9 as shown here. If it is desired in the case of card 7 to record any one of the 12 months in a single column, this may readily be done by using the blank space at the top of the card for additional index point positions in each column.
  • the manner in which the card is used to control the operation of a machine is shown in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 6 the card 1 is shown in section and is viewed looking down upon the card which is being fed downwardly through the machine by the feed rollers 20.
  • Three perforation sensing brushes 21, 21a and 21b are shown. In a tabulating machine, there would be one of these brushes for each column on the card and a separate contact block 24 is provided for each brush.
  • the brushes engage their contact blocks 24 but as the card is fed downwardly through the machine, it separates all of the brushes from their contacts and thereafter during the passage of the particular card the various brushes will reach through the perforations in the card as these particular perforations move past the corresponding brushes.
  • the time in the card feeding cycle at which a brush reaches through a perforation to make contact with the block 24 determines the control that the particular column on the card shall have upon the machine.
  • a plurality of type carriers 25, 26, 2'7 are shown loosely mounted on a shaft 28. There is one of these type carriers for each of the perforation sensing brushes or in other words, for each column on the record card.
  • a spring 29 is adapted to rotate the type carrier clockwise synchronously with the movement of the card past the sensing brushes. In other words, as each index point is passing the sensing brush, the corresponding type element or character is passing through the printing line.
  • the mechanism for controlling this synchronous operation is more fully disclosed in said Hollerith patent.
  • the first of the type elements 30, representing the numeral 9 will be reaching .and passing the printing position as the type carriers rotate upon the shaft- 28. Wherever a perforation appears in a column on the card the corresponding type carriers will be stopped so that the type representing the numeral 9 will be held in printing position.
  • the type carriers are adapted to be stopped by latching pawls 32 pivoted at 33 and normally held out of mesh with ratchet teeth 34 on the type carriers, by springs 35.
  • the pawls 32 are connected by links 36 to the armatures 37 of the printing magnets 38.
  • Each of these printing magnets is associated with one of the sensing brushes 21 and becomes energized when its brush reaches through a perforation in the card and closes the circuit by making contact with the block 24.
  • Included in the control circuit is a set of contacts 39 adapted to be controlled by card lever 40'. When no card is in the sensing position, contacts 39 are open so that no current will pass through the brushes 21 and contact blocks 24 which are then in engagement with each other. Just after the card reaches the sensing brushes and separates them from the contact blocks 24 and before the first perforation position reaches these brushes the card rocks the lever 40 and closes the contacts 39.
  • the holding magnet 45 serves to keep the circuit closed after the perforation which efiected the closure has passed the brush 21 and opened the circuit at that point.
  • the relay magnet 45 holds the circuit closed until the end of the card cycle during which time the printing will have been effected.
  • a cam 52 permits the contacts 47 to open. This breaks the circuit through the magnets 45 and 38.
  • Contacts 49 then open and the pawl 32 is restored to its normal position by spring 35 thus releasing the type carrier 25.
  • the type carriers will then be restored in a counterclockwise direction to their normal positions in a manner more fully disclosed in the aforesaid patent.
  • FIG. 6 the parts are shown at a point about the middle of the card sensing cycle.
  • One of the type carriers 25 has been stopped by reason of the brush 21 having made contact through a perforation.
  • the brush 21a is shown reaching through the perforation in the card and engaging the block 24 so that its magnets 45a and 38a have just become energized and the pawl 32a has just been operated to stop the type carrier 26 in position with the type element 30a in the printing line.
  • This type element represents the value corresponding to the perforation in the card which brought about energization of the magnets.
  • the brush 21b has not yet encountered a perforation in its column and therefore its magnets 45b and 38b have not yet become energized and the type carrier 27 will continue to move synchronously with the passage of the card through the machine.
  • This type carrier will be stopped later in the card cycle if a perforation is encountered by the brush 21b and will be stopped in'a position corresponding to the value represented by the perforation.
  • the printing hammer or hammers 53 will operate to press the record sheet 54 and the inking ribbon 31 against the type elements in the printing line to effect printing on the sheet.
  • a record card on which differentially located points in a column represent different characters in a continuous system, such as the letters of the alphabet, and in which a perforation isprovided at one of such points, said perforation overlapping an adjacent point representing a different character, a perforation at one of said points being adapted to operatively select a type element, a type element selected under control of a perforation at any one of said points being different from that selected under control of a perforation at any other point.
  • a perforated record card divided into a plurality of columns which are subdivided into a plurality of progressively located index points each representing a different character, and a perforation through the card at one of said points representing the corresponding character, said points being closer to each other than the dimension of the perforation in the columnar direction whereby a greater selection of characters may be represented by a single perforation in a column than where the distance between the points is greater than such dimension of the perforation, said card being adapted to be fed through a machine synchronously with theoperation of a type carrier and being adapted to cause setting of the type carrier in a position corresponding to the position of a perforation in the column.
  • a perforated record card divided into a plurality of columns which are subdivided into a plurality of progressively located index points each representing a different character, and a perforation through the card at one of said points representing the corresponding character, said points being closer to each other than the dimension of the perforation in the columnar direction whereby a greater selection of characters A, may be represented by a single perforation in ALBERT W. MILLS.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US426581A 1930-02-07 1930-02-07 Perforated record card Expired - Lifetime US1928209A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE372363D BE372363A (en(2012)) 1930-02-07
US426581A US1928209A (en) 1930-02-07 1930-02-07 Perforated record card
GB3783/31A GB372363A (en) 1930-02-07 1931-02-06 Improvements in perforated statistical record-cards

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US426581A US1928209A (en) 1930-02-07 1930-02-07 Perforated record card

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1928209A true US1928209A (en) 1933-09-26

Family

ID=23691374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US426581A Expired - Lifetime US1928209A (en) 1930-02-07 1930-02-07 Perforated record card

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US1928209A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE372363A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB372363A (en(2012))

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706599A (en) * 1950-07-29 1955-04-19 Smith Clyde Card controlled apparatus
US2918864A (en) * 1951-06-07 1959-12-29 Sperry Rand Corp Random printing method and means
US3660641A (en) * 1969-10-30 1972-05-02 Simcom Corp Coded data storage medium
US20050238260A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-27 Dave Coleman Image and optical mark scanner with encryption
US20050237580A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-27 Dave Coleman Scanner read head for images and optical mark recognition
USD519156S1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2006-04-18 Scantron Corporation Scannable form

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706599A (en) * 1950-07-29 1955-04-19 Smith Clyde Card controlled apparatus
US2918864A (en) * 1951-06-07 1959-12-29 Sperry Rand Corp Random printing method and means
US3660641A (en) * 1969-10-30 1972-05-02 Simcom Corp Coded data storage medium
US20050238260A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-27 Dave Coleman Image and optical mark scanner with encryption
US20050237580A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2005-10-27 Dave Coleman Scanner read head for images and optical mark recognition
USD519156S1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2006-04-18 Scantron Corporation Scannable form

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB372363A (en) 1932-05-06
BE372363A (en(2012))

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2268498A (en) Statistical machine
US2255011A (en) Recording machine
US3029920A (en) Embossing machine
US1928209A (en) Perforated record card
US2753792A (en) Character printing devices
US2189046A (en) Printing mechanism
US1926891A (en) Printing mechanism for accounting machines
US2036024A (en) Tabulating machine
US2346250A (en) Accounting machine
US2064482A (en) Perforated record controlled machine
US2464608A (en) Record controlled printing apparatus
US2105291A (en) Record card controlled machine
US1978893A (en) Tabulating machine
US2282067A (en) Printing control mechanism
US2138649A (en) Repeat printing of items
US2781847A (en) Selectively programmed perforating apparatus
US1965981A (en) Printing control mechanism
US1599623A (en) Record-selecting system
US1921453A (en) Printing mechanism for accounting machines
US1926893A (en) Electric transfer for tabulating
US1866995A (en) Tabulating machine
US2036063A (en) Printing mechanism for tabulating machines
US2053243A (en) Tabulating machine
US1882764A (en) Electric transfer for tabulating machines
US2181999A (en) Printing mechanism