US1924593A

US1924593A - Grinding machine

Info

Publication number: US1924593A
Application number: US584174A
Authority: US
Inventors: George W Binns
Original assignee: Cincinnati Grinders Inc
Current assignee: Cincinnati Grinders Inc
Priority date: 1931-12-31
Filing date: 1931-12-31
Publication date: 1933-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 1950-08-29

Description

Aug. 29, 1933. G. w. BINNS 1,924,593

GRINDING IIAQHINE Filed Dec. 51. 1951. I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1' G. w. BINNS 1,924,593 GRINDING MACHINE l Filed Dec. 31. 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Pat en ted Aug. 29, 1933 PATENT OFFICE 1,924,593 v GRINDING mom George W. Binns, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to Cincinnati Grinders Incorporated, Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application December 31, 1931 Serial No. 584,174

18 Claims. (01. 51-403) This invention relates to improvements in machine tools andespecially to improvements in grinding machines.

An object of the invention is the provision o a centerless grinder particularly adapted for the grinding of multiple diameter work pieces.

Another object'of the invention is the provision of a centerless grinder for frictionallycontrolling the rotation of a work piece of multiple diameter while the said diameters are being simultaneously ground or finished.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an improved mechanism for use with a centerless grinder for frictionally engaging and controlling the rotation of a work piece having several diameters whereby the said work is rotated at the same speed regardless of which diameter is being used as the controllant.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention described in the accompanying specification and it is to be understood that any modifications may be made in the exact structural details there shown and described within the scope of the appended claims without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a centerless grinder embodying the present invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the machine illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line 44 of Figure 3.

Throughout the several views of the drawings similar reference characters are employed to denote the same or similar parts.

Centerless grinders employing opposed grinding and regulating wheels and a work rest there between have been known in the past, as well as centerless grinders having contoured grinding wheels for simultaneously grinding two or more different diameters on the work piece while being controlled by a regulating wheel. These machines, however, have employed but a single regulating wheel which contacted with but one of the several diameters for controlling the rate of rotation of the work. In cases where the several diameters are spaced from one another and where a great difierence in diameters exists, difli culty has been encountered because of a tendency oi the work not backed up to spring. In an endeavor to overcome this difficulty, a plurality of regulating wheels has been provided, one for contacting with each diameter being ground, which wheels were driven at the same speed. It has been found, however, that work pieces irequently 'have an irregular amount of excessive stock thereon, so that, certain work pieces are initially engaged and controlled by the larger portion thereof which efiects the rotation of the work at a speed depending upon the ratio of the diameter of the wheel to the work, while other work pieces are initially engaged and controlled through the engagement of the second wheel with a smaller diameter of the work, so that the work piece is thereby rotated at a very high rate of speed. Since the two wheels were driven at the same speed and in view of .working conditions due tothe size of the work as above described, the speed of the work greatly varied so that it was impossible to properly finish work pieces by the centerless method with two difierent diameter regulating wheels rotating at a con stant speed. This difliculty was overcome by providing two regulating wheels of difierent diameters and contacting simultaneously with the different diameters of the work which are rotated at diiierent speeds which will effect the rotation of the work at the same speed regardless of which of the wheels is efl'ecting or controlling the speed of rotation of thework.

A machine for accomplishing this result may comprise a bed 10 having formed on its-upper surface ways 11 for a slide 12 which is-shiftable relative to the bed longitudinally thereof. Mounted on the slide 12 is a second slide 13 bearing a bracket 14 for a head 15 in which is mounted a spindle 16. The spindle 16 is rotated from any suitable power source, preferably a motor or prime ,mover 160, which drives through a gear box, in-

dicated generally 'by the'numeral 1'7, and a chain or flexible belt 18. The bed 10 further has rising from it a pedestal bearing 19 in which is journaled a spindle 20 having secured thereto the grind-

wheels

21 and 22. The

wheels

21 and 22 are respectively adapted to operate upon and grind the larger diameter 23 and smaller diameter 24 of a work piece 25. The work piece 25 is mounted in a grinding throat formed adjacent the grinding wheel and is supported by a work rest blade 26 secured to a block 27 adjustably carried by the rear end of the lower slide 12. The grinding throat is defined on one side by the

grinding wheels

21 and 22 and on the other side by opposed regulating wheels 23 and 29 which are rotated at difierent speeds for properly frictionsleeve 41.

ally engaging and controlling the rotation of the work 25.

The upper and

lower slides

13 and 12 are adepted to be shifted relative to one another for setup purposes and the like and shifted as a unit toward and from the grinding wheels to feed the work piece i'ntosaid wheels and effect a stock removal therefrom. To this end the lower slide 12 carries clamps 67 for securing same to the bed whereupon the upper slide is shifted relative there- ,to, while the upper slide carries a clamp 68 for securing the slides to one another so that upon loosening of the clamps 67 the two slides may be moved as a unit. A swivel nut 69 is journaled in the rear wall of the bracket 14 but held against relative axial movement therewith. An adjusting screw '70 has a threaded engagement with the nut on one end and has its other end journaled in a bracket '71 secured to an extension 72 of the bed 10. A pilot or hand wheel '73 is secured to the screw '70 beyond the bracket 71 whereby the screw is actuated. In actual operation use is made of a lever '74 secured in any desirable manner to the nut 69, for effecting its oscillation, for actuating the slides toward and from' determined by the gear box 1'7 which rotates the spindle 16 and the regulating wheel 28 secured thereto. This wheel 28 contacts with the larger diameter 23 of the work piece and will rotate at a given speed depending upon the desired speed of rotation of the work, since the speed of rotation of the work is directly dependent on the speed of rotation of its controlling or speed regulating wheel. Since the regulating wheel 29 contacts with the smaller diameter portion 24 of the work it will rotate at a much slower speed than the wheel 28 so that it will effect the rotation of the work thereby at the same speed as the wheel 28. I

To this end a collet nut 32 which secures'the collet 33 of the regulating wheel 28 to the tapered nose 34 of the spindle 16 is provided with an extension 35 having a transverse slot 36 formed therein. The nut 32 is further formed with a perforation 37 receiving the inner end 38 01' a shaft 40 which is journaled in a sleeve 41. The

said inner end 38 of the shaft 40 carries a pin 39 which is received in the nut transverse 'slot 36 and effects a driving connection. between the spindle and shaft 40. The shaft 40 on its other end has a reduced extension 42 which is rotatably mounted in a bearing 43 carried by a cover plate 44 secured to a bracket or housing 45. The housing 45 is secured to the head 15 by meansof a connecting bar or tie 46 which has itsv opposite ends respectively secured to the housing 45 and head 15. The shaft extension 42 has secured to it a pinion 4'7 which meshes with a gear 48of compound gear 49 loosely journaled on a stub shaft 50, journaled at opposite ends in the cover plate 44 and housing 45. A second gear 51, of

the compound gear 49, meshes with a gear 52- keyed or otherwise secured to the end of the This sleeve 41 is mounted .in antifriction bearings- 53 carried by the housing 45. The other end ofthe sleeve 41 is enlarged as at 54 to form a wheel collet and also encircles the collet nut 32. The enlarged or collet portion 54 of the sleeve 41 forms a mounting for the regulating wheel '29 which is secured thereto in any suitable or desirable manner, such as by the nut It will be noted that the ratio between the pinion 4'7 and gear 48 and between the pinion 51 and gear 52 is such as to materially reduce the speed of the regulating wheel 29 as compared to the speed of the wheel 28. As shown in the drawings, this reduction is nearly 4 to 1, but it is to be understood that by changing the gears or the ratio thereof, this speed differentiation may be increased or'decr'eased depending upon the difference between the diameters of the work to be ground. From the foregoing, it will be noted that regardless of the size of the different portions of the work, it will be rotated at the same speed no matter which of the diameters is in driving contact with its regulating. wheel.

In order to true the active faces of these wheels, and especially when they are made of abrasive material, it is necessary that they be rotated at substantially the same high speed. For this reason the shaft extension 42 has splined to it, between the pinion 4'7 and sleeve 41, a sliding twofaced clutch 56, having on one face thereof the clutch teeth 57 and on the other face clutch teeth 58. llutch teeth 5'7 are adapted to be meshed with complementary clutch teeth 59 projecting from the adjacent face of the pinion 4'7, while .the clutch teeth 58 mesh with complementary teeth 60 projecting from the adjacent face of the gear 52.

From this it will be seen that with the clutch 56 in the position illustrated in Figure 3 the drive to the regulating wheel 29 will be through the back gear 49 while if the clutch teeth 58 and 60 were intermeshed, a direct coupling between the shaft 40 and sleeve 41 would be established so that a one to one ratio would ,exist between the

wheels

28 and 29, thereby rotating said wheels at the'same speed. s

In order to shift the clutch 56; it is provided with a circumferential groove, 61 receiving the arms 62 of a shifter fork 63 which is carried by I crank 64 secured to the inner end of a shaft 65.

This shaft 65 is journaled in the upper wall of the bracket or'housing 45 projecting there beyond and has secured thereto a handle or lever 66.

It will be readily perceived that oscillation of this lever 66 in one or the other direction will correspondingly oscillate the crank 64 and thereby shift the clutch member 56. 7

From the foregoing it will be noted that there has been provided a centerless grinding machine adapted primarily for the proper control and finishing of multiple diameter work pieces and eliminating the possibility of excessively rotating each portion of the work piece rotatably mounted on the bed, a regulating wheel opposed to each grinding wheel, the said grinding and regulating wheels forming a grinding throat between them, a work support within the grinding throatfor supporting a work piece in simultaneous engagement with the said wheels, and means for rotating each pair of opposed wheels at different relative speeds whereby the work piece is rotated at the same speed regardless of which-work diameter and regulating wheel is effecting the control.

2. In a grinding machine of the class described for grinding multiple diameter workpieces the combination of a grinding wheel, a friction control wheel for each diameter of the work, means l for supporting the work in engagement with the wheels, and means for rotating the friction control wheels at different speeds, the ratio between the speeds of the several wheels being equal to the whereby the work is rotated at the same speed regardless of which control wheel is operating. 3. In a grinding machine of the class described for grinding multiple diameter work pieces the combination of a grinding wheel, a friction control wheel for each diameter of the work, means for supporting the work in engagement with the wheels, means for rotating the friction control wheels at diilerent speeds, the ratio between thespeeds of the several wheels being equal to the ratio between the several diameters of the work whereby the work is rotated at the same speed regardless of which control wheel'is operating. and means for connecting the two wheels for rotation at the same speed.

4. In a grinding machine of the class described the combination of a work support adapted to support a multiple diameter work piece, a grinding wheel on one side of the support for engagement with the work, a work control wheel on the other side of the support for contact with one diameter of the work, a separate spindle for the grinding wheel and regulating wheel, a second regulating wheel for engagement with a different diameter of the work, a sleeve supporting the second wheel, and a transmission between the spindle and sleeve whereby they are driven at different speeds depending on the ratio between the difierent diameters of the work.

5. In a grinding machine of the class described the combination of a work support adapted to support a multiple diameter work piece, a grinding wheel on one side of the support for engagement with the work, a work control wheel on the other side of the support for contact with one diameter of the work, a separate spindle for the grinding wheel and regulating wheel, a second regulating wheel for engagement with a different diameter of the work, a sleeve supporting the second wheel, a transmission between the spindle and sleeve whereby they are driven at different speeds depending on the ratio between the different diameters of the work, and a separable connection between the sleeve and spindle whereby the sleeve may be'driven at the same speed as the spindle for rotating the regulating wheels at the same corresponding speed.

6. In a centerless grinding machine the combination of a bed, opposed grinding and regulating wheels mounted thereon and forming a grinding throat therebetween, a work piece support within the grinding throat arranged to support multiple diameter work, a spindle for one of the regulating wheels, a housing therefor, a bracket secured to and carried by the housing, a support on the bracket'for a second regulating wheel, and a transmission carried by the bracket and connecting the spindle and second regulating wheel whereby the second regulating wheel, is rotated.

7. In a centerless grinding machine the combination of a bed, opposed grinding and regulating wheels mountedthereon and forming a grinding throat therebetween, a work piece support within the grinding throat arranged to .support multiple diameter work, a spindle for one of the regulating wheels, a housing therefor, a bracket secured to and carried by. the housing, a support on the bracket for a second regulating wheel, and

a transmission carried by the bracket and connecting the spindle and second regulating wheel ratio between the several diameters of the work whereby the second regulating'wheel is rotated, said transmission including speed reducing members whereby the wheels are rotated at different 8. In a centerless grinding machine the combination of a bed, opposed grinding and regulating wheels mounted thereon and forming a grinding throat therebetween, a work piecesupport within the grinding throat arranged to support multiple diameter work, aspindle for one of the regulating wheels, a.housing therefor, a bracket secured to and carried by the housing, a support on the bracket for a second regulating wheel, a transmission carried by the bracket and connecting the spindle and second regulating wheel whereby the second regulating wheel is rotated, said transmission including speed reducing members whereby the wheels are rotated at different speeds, a shlftable clutch in the transmission, and means on the bracket for shifting the clutch whereby the spindle is connected through the transmission with the second regulating wheel or direct therewith for rotating the wheels at a constant speed.

9. In a centerless grinder for grinding multiple diameter work pieces the combination with a regulating wheel for eachdiameter of the work, of means for rotating the wheelsat different speeds depending on the ratio between the diameters of the work.

10. In a centerless grinder for grinding multiple diameter work pieces the combination with' a regulating wheel for each diameter of the work, of means for rotating the wheels at different speeds depending on the ratio between the diameters of the work, and a single power source for effecting the rotation of the wheels.

11. In a centerless grinder of the class described for grinding multiple diameter work pieces the combination-with a regulating wheel for each diameter of the work, of means for rotatingthe wheels at diflerential speeds depending on the ratiobetween the diameters of the work, including a power source for rotating one of the wheels, a separable transmission between the rotated wheel and remaining wheel, a back gear inthe transmission for reducing the speed of one of the wheels as respects the other, and means for connecting the wheels with one another through the back gear and directly.

- 12. Inacenterless grinderof the class described for grinding multiple diameter work pieces the combination with a regulating wheel for each diameter of the work, of means for rotating the ing the clutch to either of its three positions providing an additional regulating wheel comprising a bed, a spindle rotatably mounted thereon, means including a nut member for securing the wheel to the spindle, a housing for the wheel,

a bracket securable to the housing, a second wheel rotatably carried by the housing, means carried by the bracket for driving the second wheel, and a connection between the driving means and nut whereby power for the second wheel is derived from the nut on the spindle.

14. In a grinding machine the combination of a bed, a spindle rotatably mounted on the bed, a wheel, means securing the wheel to the spindle including a'nut member, a housing for the wheel, and an attachment for supplying a second wheel to be rotated from the spindle of the first wheel including a bracket romovably secured to the wheel housing, a second wheel carried by the housing, and transmission means carried, by the bracket connectible with the spindle and second wheel whereby the second wheel is rotated.

15. In a grinding machine the combination of a bed, a spindle rotatably mounted on the bed,

a wheel, means securing the wheel to the spindle to be rotated from the spindle of the first wheel including a bracket removably secured to the wheel housing, a second wheel carried by the housing, transmission means carried by the bracket connectible with the spindle and second wheelwhereby the second wheel is rotated, and a separable connection in the transmission means for disconnecting said second wheel from the spindle.

16. In a grinding machine the combination of a bed, a spindle rotatably mounted on the 'bed, a wheel, means securing the wheel to the spindle including a nut member, a housing for the wheel, and an attachment for supplying a second wheel to be rotated from the spindle of the first wheel in cluding a bracket removably secured to the wheel housing, a second wheel carried by the housing, transmission means carried by the bracket connectible with the spindle and second wheel whereby the second wheel is rotated, a separable connection in the transmission means for disconnecting said second wheel from the spindle, and. speed varying means in the transmission whereby the wheel, means securing the wheel to the. spindle including a nut member, a housing for the wheel, and an attachment for supplying a second wheel to be rotated from the spindle of the first wheel including a bracket removably secured to the wheel housing, a second wheel carried by the housing,

F transmission means carried by the bracket connectible with the spindle and second wheel whereby the second wheel is rotated, and a separable connection in the transmission means for disconnecting said second wheel from the spindle, comprising a clutch, speed variable means within the housing operable by the transmisison means, and means for-shifting the clutch to one of three positions for directly connecting the first and second wheels for rotating same at the same speed, for indirectly coupling said wheels through the speed reducing means for differentially rotating said wheels, and for disconnecting said wheels from one another.

18.' In a grinding machine the combination of a bed, a spindle rotatably mounted on the bed, a

wheel whereby the second wheel is rotated, and a separable connection in the transmission means for disconnecting said second wheel from the spindle, comprising a clutch, speed variable means within the housing operable by' the transmission means, and means for shifting the clutch to one of three positions for directly connecting the first and second wheels for rotating same at the same speed, for indirectly coupling said wheels through the speed reducing means for difierentially rotating said wheels, and for disconnecting said wheels from one another, said clutch shifting means being carried by the bracket and accessible I exteriorly thereof including a manually actuable 1 lever.

- GEORGE W. BINNS.