US1924228A - Governor control - Google Patents

Description

Aug.4 29, 1933. A. A. BULL 1,924,223

GOVERNOR CONTROL. A'

FiledApril 20. 419251 3 Sheets-Sheet J,

Aug. 29, 1933. A, A. BULL GOVERNOR CONTROL Filed April 2o. 1931 3 sheets-sheet s Patented Aug. 29, 1933 'UNITED STATES` 1,924,228 GOVERNOR CONTROL Arthur A. Bull, Detroit, Mich., assigner to Handy Governor Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a Corporation of Michigan Application April 2o, 1931'. serial No. 531,518

claims. (ci. 26H

This invention relates to governors and more particularly to adjustable speed governors.

It is the general object of the present invention to provide a novel and improved adjustable 5 speed governor and control mechanism therefor.

Another object of the invention consists in the provision of means for adjusting'the governing spring of a centrifugal governor whereby the governing speed can be controlled manually within fixed limits' and at a distance from the engine.

A further object of the invention consists in the provision of means for adjusting the governing spring of an engine governor which has a control position substantially releasing the spring tension and vprovides for manual and positive closing of the engine throttle when the spring is in this condition.

, One of the important features of the invention resides in arranging the 'control mechanism within the governor housing.

Another important feature of the invention resides in the construction and arrangement of parts whereby the assembly is simplified.

A further important feature of the invention resides in the arrangement of an adjustable spring abutment together with a limiting stop for this abutment, permitting the adjusting means to be moved for secondary control without additionally releasing the spring. Other and further features and objects of the invention will be more apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the accompanying drawings and following specification wherein are disclosed two exemplary embodiments of the various changes mayv be made therein such as fall within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spiritof the invention.

In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an internal combustion engine with a governor constructed according to the invention applied thereto, the governorbeing shown with a portion of the casing broken away;

Figure 2 is a side elevation of a portion of the governor mechanism showing the secondary cony trol feature;

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a section on line 4-4 of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a section on line 5 5 of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a side elevation partially in longitudinal section of a modified form of governor adjusting means adapted to be applied to existing governorsjand invention with the understanding, however, that Figure 'I isa section on line 7 7 of Figure 6.

The present invention is disclosed for convenience as applied to internal combustion engines and to centrifugal type governors although it will be clear thatneither the type of engine nor the type of governor is to be considered in any sense as limitingthe invention.

As an example of the use of the invention, it may be pointed out that for tractor and agricultural service and/or where the tractor engine is used for driving machinery, it is highly important and desirable to have means fby which the governed speed of the engine can be changed readily by the operator. Owing to the severe working conditions, it is desirable that the operating mechanism be enclosed. The present invention y meets the above requirements as well as the additional ones of simplicity of construction and operation.

Referring now to the drawings and particularly to Figure 1, there is shown at 10 a conventional form of internal combustion' engine s'uch as applied to farm tractors and having thereon a carburetor 11 provided at 12 with a conventional form of throttle valve mounted on the stem 13 which is rotatable to control the valve and the speed of the engine.

At 15 is shown a governor of the centrifugal type driven, for instance, from the same shaft that drives the magneto 14, and this governor is provided with a governing arm 16 connected by the link 1'? to a lever 18 secured to thev throttle shaft 13, whereby movement of the governing arm 16 is transmitted to the throttle. No means is provided for manual operation of the throttle directly so that the engine is, except under conditions later to be described, entirely under control of the governor.

As before stated, the governor may be of any conventional type and is here shown as including a governor shaft 20 driven at a suitable speed by the gear 20' meshing with the cam shaft gear 202 driven in the customary manner from the crank shaft of the engine. The shaft 20 carries the centrifugal elements 21 which by virtue of the cams 22 operate on the thrust plate 23 which in turn bears, 'through a thrust bearing, on the control collar 24 which is provided with a groove 25 into which pins of a control fork 26 t. This fork is secured to a shaft 27 lwhich extends through a bearing to the outside of the casing and has secured thereon the hub 28 of the governing arm 16.

The whole governor is included in a suitable casing or housing 30, at one end secured to a Aportion of the crank casing of the engine. This member 47.

within the thimble 35 forming the abutment for the spring. The thimble is slidably mounted in the spring sleeve 32 for the purpose of adjusting the tension on the spring.

The governor must be of the type which permits changes in the governed speed by changes in the spring load or tension without causing too wide a variation in speeds between full load and no load. Such a governor is described in my copending application, Serial No. 376,251, for Governor, filed July 5, 1929.

In orderv to permit adjustment of the spring tension, and adjusting cam or arm 36 is provided which has the rounded end 37 normally bearing on the head of the thimble v35. This arm, in the form of the invention shown in Figures 1-5, inclusive, is preferably formed integral with its' shaft 38 which is journaled in the bearing 39 formed inthe governor casing and to one side of the spring sleeve, as clearly seen in Figures 1 and 5.

To permit the insertion of the unitary assembly, that portion o f the governing casing opposite the bearing 39 is provided with an aperture 40 for the purpose, and this aperture is, subsequent to assembly, closed by a Welsh plug 41 or other suitable closure. In order that the adjusting arm 36 not be too limited in its movement, the spring sleeve is slotted at its outer end as shown at 42.

Secured to the shaft 38 ofthe spring adjusting arm 36 on the outside of the casing is the adjusting lever 44 `which in Figure 1 is shown as connected to a long rod 45 which reaches up to the operators position and is provided with a notched end 46 for adjustment over a holding Movement of this rod in or out adjusts the tension of the spring and hence the governed speedl of the engine.

Governors cannot be readily constructed to govern down to an adequate idling speed for internal combustion engines, and yet it is desirable to be able to idle the engine at low speed for obvious reasons. To cause the throttle to be substantially completely closed, it is necessary that the governor weights be extended to their maximum or, under usual conditions, would require more movement than this of the governing collar.

-In accordance with the invention shown in Figures 1-5, the above diiiiculties are overcome by providing a limiting stop 50, as seen in Figure 5, for the spring thimble or abutment which stops this thimble just before the spring is completely relieved of its tension, and providing a secondary control for thev throttle. This is effected conveniently by having the governing arm shaft 27 parallel to the spring adjusting arm shaft 38, as best seen in Figure 2, and in providing the extension or nose 52 on the governing arm 16 and the cam extension 53 on the speed control arm 44 so positioned and adjusted that, during movement of the rod 45 and just prior to the spring abutment coming into engagement with itsv stop 50, the cam 53 engages the nose 52 and positively moves the governing arm 16 in a throttle closing direction. Continued movement of the rod 45 rotates the arm 44 until the spring adjusting arm 37 is moved out of engagement with the spring thimble, and the throttle under the action of the parts 52 and 53 is brought to a satisfactory idling position. It will be seen that in this idling condition the governor has absolutely no control over the engine speed, for its governing collar is now actuated by the parts 52 and 53.

In the modification shown in Figures 6 and 7, the governor casing is shown at and may house any conventional form of governor. The upper end of the casing is separate and is attached at 61 thereto. This upper end comprises an integral casting 62 which includes the spring housing sleeve 63 and the enlarged upper end 64 which houses the spring tension control arm 65 which bears, as in the prior modification, on the upper end of/ the spring abutment 66 slidably mounted in the sleeve 63. This arm 65 has its hub 66 mounted on a shaft 67 which extends through both sides of the casing 62 and is journaled as at 68 and 69 therein. A suitable operating lever 70 is attached to the shaft 67 outside of the casing.

It is convenient to be ableto limit the maximum and minimum speeds to which the engine can be governed, and for this purpose the limiting screws 7l and 72 are threaded into the bosses on the upper end of the casting 62, the one 72 to cooperate with the outer endof the speed adjusting arm 65 to limit the minimum speed to which the governor can be set. The screw 71 has its inner end arranged for cooperation with the extension 74 on the arm 65 to limit the maximum speed to which the governor can be set. These screws are provided with suitable lock nuts 75 and may have their heads drilled as at 76 to receive a sealing wire 77 which also passes through an opening 78 on a boss on the housing so that afteradjustment the screws can be sealed to prevent tampering.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:-

1. In a governor for an internal combustion engine, in combination, a governor control spring, a sliding abutment therefor, stop means limiting the movement of said abutment in the release direction, controlling means operable from a distance to rapidly adjust the position of the abutment to 'change the governed speed of the engine, and means to positively close the engine throttle upon movement of said controlling means beyond the position in which the abutment engages the stop means. K.

2. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a throttle for regulating the speed thereof, of a centrifugal governor driven by said engine and having a governing arm actuated thereby and connected to operate the throttle, a governor control spring opposing movement of said arm to closed throttle position, a movable abutment for said spring, adjusting means for said abutment movable to change the governed speed of the engine and. to substantially release the spring, and means on said adjusting means to engage said governing arm as the spring nears release position to positively move said arm toward throttle closing position.

3. The combination with aninternal combustion engine having a throttle for regulating the speed thereof, of a centrifugal governor driven by said engine and having a governing arm actu- 4. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a throttle for regulating the speed thereof, of a centrifugal governor driven by said engine and having a governing arm actuated thereby and connected to operate the throttle, a governor control spring opposing movement of said arm to closed throttle position, a` movable abutment for said spring, a cam engageable with said abutmentv to adjust the spring tension, a stop for said abutment to limit its movement so that the cam can be rotated outof engagement therewith, a shaft for said cam, an arm to move said shaft, a cam on said arm, and means on said governing arm engageable by said second cam when the first cam is moved from the abutment to move the governing arm toward closed throttle position.

5. 'I'he combination with an internal combustionengine having a throttle for regulating the speed thereof, of a centrifugal governor driven by said engine and having a compression load spring, a two-arm lever operated by the governed member of said governor'one arm of which is operatively connected to the throttle of the engine, a movable abutment for said spring slidable in the direction of the axis ofthe governor shaft, a remote control lever provided with a crank the free end of which is arranged in engagement with the said abutment to vary the load on the said spring, a second crank movable with` the first mentioned crank and positioned with its free end in contact with the other arm of said y

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