US1923790A - Chromium plated article and method of making the same - Google Patents

Chromium plated article and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US1923790A
US1923790A US321766A US32176628A US1923790A US 1923790 A US1923790 A US 1923790A US 321766 A US321766 A US 321766A US 32176628 A US32176628 A US 32176628A US 1923790 A US1923790 A US 1923790A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
oxide
aluminum
chromium
metal
making
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US321766A
Inventor
George L Moore
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Howmet Aerospace Inc
Original Assignee
Aluminum Company of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminum Company of America filed Critical Aluminum Company of America
Priority to US321766A priority Critical patent/US1923790A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1923790A publication Critical patent/US1923790A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
    • C25D5/42—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of light metals
    • C25D5/44—Aluminium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/45—Scale remover or preventor
    • Y10T29/4567—Brush type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the plating of metals. It more particularly relates to the plating of metals with another metal which normally does not adhere firmly thereto.
  • the present invention is directed to firmly bonding a metal with another metal which normally cannot be caused to adhere satisfactorily thereto.
  • the invention comprises plating a metal such as aluminum or its alloys with a coating of a normally non-adherent metal such as chromium by means of an intermediate layer of a metal such as tin which can readily be caused to adhere to both the base metal and the plating.
  • a metal such as aluminum or its alloys
  • a coating of a normally non-adherent metal such as chromium
  • tin a metal such as tin which can readily be caused to adhere to both the base metal and the plating.
  • Inability to secure a bond between the chromium and the base is due primarily to the oxide coating on the base.
  • a wire brush impregnated with molten tin it is possible to brush off the oxide and simultaneously deposit in place of the removed oxide a coating of tin directly to the oxide free surface of the base.
  • the chromium can then be plated on to the layer of tin in any suitable way as, for example, by electro-deposition, the chromium and tin when united in this manner being naturally highly adherent to each other.
  • chromium has been secured to aluminum or its alloys it will be understood that the process can be used for securing other naturally non-adherent metals to aluminum such as, for example, iron.
  • the procedure above outlined has extensive use in the arts and chromium plated aluminum articles are desirable Where the articles are subjected to excessive wearing action.
  • the plating of chromium may be applied to the bore of a cylinder block made of 50 aluminum or its alloys and when so applied makes a satisfactory bearing surface upon which the piston may operate without causing flaking or cracking of the chromium plating.
  • Aluminum and aluminum base alloys are included in the term aluminum as employed in the claims.
  • the method of bonding to an aluminum alloy surface having an oxide coating, a metal which is naturally non-adherent with the aluminum which comprises mechanically removing the oxide by brushing vigorously the aluminum alloy surface with a wire brush impregnated with molten metal which is inherently adherent both to the aluminum alloy and the non-adherent metal to brush off the oxide and simultaneously deposit in place of the removed oxide a coating of molten metal directly to the oxide free surface of the aluminum alloy surface without the interposition of oxides, and thereafter applying a layer of said non-adherent metal to the surface formed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)

Description

Patented Aug. 22, 1933 CHROMIIUNI PLATED ARTICLE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAliIE George L. Moore, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to Aluminum Company of America, Pittsburgh, Pa., a Corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Application November 24, 1928 Serial No. 321,766
2 Claims.
This invention relates to the plating of metals. It more particularly relates to the plating of metals with another metal which normally does not adhere firmly thereto.
It is desirable to plate metals such as aluminum or its alloys with a material such as chromium having other properties of hardness, strength, and so forth, than the base metal. Difficulty, however, has been experienced in causing these and other metals to adhere to each other sufficiently firmly to resist flaking and cracking of the plating from the base metal. The present invention is directed to firmly bonding a metal with another metal which normally cannot be caused to adhere satisfactorily thereto.
With a preferred embodiment in mind but without desiring to place undue limitation upon the scope of the invention beyond what may be required by the prior art the invention comprises plating a metal such as aluminum or its alloys with a coating of a normally non-adherent metal such as chromium by means of an intermediate layer of a metal such as tin which can readily be caused to adhere to both the base metal and the plating. Inability to secure a bond between the chromium and the base is due primarily to the oxide coating on the base. By brushing vigorously the base surface with a wire brush impregnated with molten tin, it is possible to brush off the oxide and simultaneously deposit in place of the removed oxide a coating of tin directly to the oxide free surface of the base. By a continued brushing operation with the tin impregnated brush practically all the oxide is brushed off the surface of the base and a thin coating of tin remains alloyed to the oxide free surface of the base. The chromium can then be plated on to the layer of tin in any suitable way as, for example, by electro-deposition, the chromium and tin when united in this manner being naturally highly adherent to each other.
While in the specific embodiment of the invention chromium has been secured to aluminum or its alloys it will be understood that the process can be used for securing other naturally non-adherent metals to aluminum such as, for example, iron.
The procedure above outlined has extensive use in the arts and chromium plated aluminum articles are desirable Where the articles are subjected to excessive wearing action. As a specific example, the plating of chromium may be applied to the bore of a cylinder block made of 50 aluminum or its alloys and when so applied makes a satisfactory bearing surface upon which the piston may operate without causing flaking or cracking of the chromium plating.
Aluminum and aluminum base alloys are included in the term aluminum as employed in the claims.
While a specific embodiment of the invention has been shown and described it will be apparent that modifications can be made therein within the spirit and scope of the invention and such modifications are intended to be covered by the appended claims.
I claim:
1. The method of plating an aluminum alloy surface having an oxide coating which comprises mechanically removing the oxide by brushing vigorously the surface with a wire brush impregnated with molten tin to brush off the oxide and simultaneously deposit in place of the removed oxide a coating of tin directly to the oxide free surface, a portion of which is alloyed with the aluminum alloy without the interposition of oxides and thereafter depositing a layer of chromium on the layer of tin. S5
2. The method of bonding to an aluminum alloy surface having an oxide coating, a metal which is naturally non-adherent with the aluminum which comprises mechanically removing the oxide by brushing vigorously the aluminum alloy surface with a wire brush impregnated with molten metal which is inherently adherent both to the aluminum alloy and the non-adherent metal to brush off the oxide and simultaneously deposit in place of the removed oxide a coating of molten metal directly to the oxide free surface of the aluminum alloy surface without the interposition of oxides, and thereafter applying a layer of said non-adherent metal to the surface formed.
GEORGE L. MOORE.
US321766A 1928-11-24 1928-11-24 Chromium plated article and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US1923790A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US321766A US1923790A (en) 1928-11-24 1928-11-24 Chromium plated article and method of making the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US321766A US1923790A (en) 1928-11-24 1928-11-24 Chromium plated article and method of making the same

Publications (1)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2585128A (en) * 1946-03-01 1952-02-12 Bendix Aviat Corp Aluminum optical mirror and method of making same
US2588422A (en) * 1947-12-19 1952-03-11 Metallizing Engineering Co Inc Application of spray metal linings for aluminum engine cylinders of or for reciprocating engines
US2627250A (en) * 1947-03-06 1953-02-03 Rockwell Mfg Co Piston type fluid meter
US2650901A (en) * 1949-06-08 1953-09-01 Horst Corp Of America V D Electroplating on aluminum
US2654701A (en) * 1950-06-08 1953-10-06 Edwin R Calderon Plating aluminum
US2739932A (en) * 1952-09-05 1956-03-27 Clarence W Forestek Electrodepositing chromium on aluminum
US2875090A (en) * 1953-12-22 1959-02-24 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Methods of forming superficial diffusion alloys on metal pieces and especially refractory metal pieces
US2997405A (en) * 1958-06-05 1961-08-22 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Apparatus for and methods of contacting oxidizable materials
US4296181A (en) * 1980-01-16 1981-10-20 Nehra Samuel A Plating method and structure

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2585128A (en) * 1946-03-01 1952-02-12 Bendix Aviat Corp Aluminum optical mirror and method of making same
US2627250A (en) * 1947-03-06 1953-02-03 Rockwell Mfg Co Piston type fluid meter
US2588422A (en) * 1947-12-19 1952-03-11 Metallizing Engineering Co Inc Application of spray metal linings for aluminum engine cylinders of or for reciprocating engines
US2650901A (en) * 1949-06-08 1953-09-01 Horst Corp Of America V D Electroplating on aluminum
US2654701A (en) * 1950-06-08 1953-10-06 Edwin R Calderon Plating aluminum
US2739932A (en) * 1952-09-05 1956-03-27 Clarence W Forestek Electrodepositing chromium on aluminum
US2875090A (en) * 1953-12-22 1959-02-24 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Methods of forming superficial diffusion alloys on metal pieces and especially refractory metal pieces
US2997405A (en) * 1958-06-05 1961-08-22 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Apparatus for and methods of contacting oxidizable materials
US4296181A (en) * 1980-01-16 1981-10-20 Nehra Samuel A Plating method and structure

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