US1921502A

US1921502A - Puppet head

Info

Publication number: US1921502A
Application number: US438558A
Authority: US
Inventors: Brill Karl Friedrich
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1929-03-27
Filing date: 1930-03-24
Publication date: 1933-08-08
Anticipated expiration: 1950-08-08
Also published as: GB342203A; DE515157C; BE368887A; GB345508A; FR692615A

Description

Aug s, 1933. k. F. emu. v1,921,502

PUPPET HEAD med march 24. 195m 3 suma-sheet 2 j MQW-:4 ha

INVE NTD R= K. F. BRILL 1,921,502

Aug. 8, 1933.

PUPPET HEAD Filed March 24 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 NVENTR Patented Aug. 8, 1933 Application vMarch 24,

. and in Germany leso, Asensu No. 438,558,

March 27, 41929 This invention relates to a` puppet head which is 'especially suited for lathes` designed to" work large and lheavy works.

When turning ofi works alterations of the length of the work'occur owingy to thev'heating connected with thecutting oi of chips and rowing to the tensions. f

As the tendency is, e vchip' thicknesses by means of high grade tool steels, the alterations 'of length are 'further creased. They callforth more or less great forces,

-which lhave to be'. taken up bythe-center-.of the puppet head ,and by -the face platev and, express themselves in increased stressing ofthe driving spindle, puppet head bearing and increased power demand. A deformation of thevwo'rk itself, specially of long works, is further caused, which unjfavorably influences the accuracy of the working'. Especially the .dead center i'sbeing 'destroyed very soon owing to the increased friction.y Y

This invention has for its object the avoidance of the. said inconvenience by'taking into consideration they construction of the puppet head the alterations in length of the Work occuring during the treatment, the facilitating of the fixing of e i the work by reducing thepforce to be exerted `*by the hand owing to hydraulic' pressing of the dead center into the centering bore of the worlahand'k the securing of the'work inthe fixed position against dropping out by limiting thefshifting movement of the hydraulically'moved'elemenu -Further objectsand advantages ofthe invention will behereinafter explainedand are illustrated in the `accompanying drawings which show several embodiments of 'the invention',

Fig. 1 is a partialv longitudinal sectionthrough the preferred form of construction, in which the pressure liquid is supplied from arseparate4 source.

Fig.v 2 shows the puppet. head Fig.-` 1k partly in cross section on line 2,-2 of Fig. 1 fon,enlargedA Y scale.

Fig. 3 is a partiallongitudinal section ythrough a puppet head, in which theliquid pressure" is produced by means of a displacer. y 5 Figs. 4 and -5 show part longitudinalsections through puppet heads with air buffer connected f to the pressurel chamber.

' Figs. 6 and 7 are part' longitudinal sections through puppet heads withfcontact manometer for regulation of the liquid pressure, A liquid being supplied to the puppet head shown in Fig. 6 through a separate conduit, whereas in the puppet head shown in Fig. 'l the pressure ofthe liquid is produced by means of the displaccr.l

to obtain always greater i not'amou'nt to more than half the depthto which ,6,ftlrie,front pin part 'being shifted lafter a travel "amountingto the and front pin parts. This mechanical operation vservesiorthe introductionof the dead centre into the centering bore lcentre ispressedi-nto'the centering bore of the .f the casing -3 serves the pressure" r4121er the pressure liquid an which permits ofthe lpressure Fig'. 8 is an end elevation of the puppet head showninFig. 7. f f v .In the forms of construction shown in Figs. 1,

`2 and 4 the dead center 4 is arranged in the pin 'partl. constructed as plunger. Behind the .part 1 00 a'chamber-'I'is arranged, which is designed to hold pressure liquid."` The movability of the pin part v1 carrying the-dead centre standing under the influence of the pressure liquid in the chamber is during the' `treatment atleast equal to the maximum expansion "of the fixedv work and 'amounts at the futmost to about. oneA half of the depth to which the dead center engages with the centering bore of the work. The chamber 'I is formed by the subdivision of thecasing 3 by -jrneans of-a stufling box 9 provided in the chamber and ,formed by an annular projection in the casing. n. rThe packingofthe part 1 is'designated by'l and that oftheannular projection vby 1i'. `'I'hepart 1 is secured against rotation byja key. 28 xed in'this part and for which a'groove 29 is f provided inthe casing 3,- s o that the axial dis-` placement is not impeded.- -In the .rear 'pin part 2 thespindle 5 flttedwith ahandwheel 6 engages,

which has a collar 5' 'and which is securely held in 8 r vthe casing by means of an annular disc 5", xed

by means'of screws not'shown. The pinpart 1 has an extension 8 extending towardsgthe rear pin part 2 and engaging with a-bore of the latter. The rear pin part2 rand theextension 8 are 'connected with each other by a connecting element, consisting of-a wedge 10, .extending through "the rear part 2 and through the extension 8. The

clearance .14 of the wedge 10l in the extension does thef dead centre4 engages withthe centering bore 30 ofV the work 3.1. The rear pin'part 2 is mechanically operated by'rotation of the hand wheel clearance 1'4 between the rear of the work. The dead work by the pressure liquid. An aperture 32 in for the removing of the coupling element 10. A manometerl-isl connected tothe pressure. chamber?? and serves for controlling theliquid pressure A hand pump 11 is provided for the-production of the` pressure. Instead ofahand pump a mechanically driven pump may evidentlyibe provided. inthe conduit `elementis located, liquidl riddim! and flowing forward inthechamber 'Land itfconsists no. n

controlled by `springs 37` and have shafts merging into screw-bolts 38. On these shafts nuts 39 serving as abutments for the springs 37 are screwed so that they permit of altering the spring tension. The other abutments for the springs are formed by the casing of the pressure regulating element, a disc being eventually interposed. The pressure to which the spring is adjusted can be read on a scale 40. By the variable spring tension it is possible, to adjust the pressure regulating element in accordance with any ydesired liquid pressure in the pressure chamber. The portion of the conduit supplying the liquid is connected at 41, whereas the portion discharging the liquid is connected at 42. In this latter portion, which leads to the collecting cup of the pump 11, the three-way cock 33 is arranged. A

- and2the bore 48 extends in the pressure regulating element in lateral direction. To this ,bore 48 the manometer 26 is connected and adapted to be shut off from the pressure chamber by a cock 49. An air cock 50 enables one to connect the, air buffer with the atmosphere. In the form of construction shown in Fig. 4 the manometer 26 is condraining pressure liquid. Instead of the, pump 11 a pressure accumulator can be provided. The pressure 'chamber .7 can also be connected with a spring vloaded pressure accumulator, thespring pressure being adjusted in accordance with the pressing-on lpressure vto be obtained.. WhenV such an accumulator is provided, separate valves are no longer necessary. In this case the accumulator forms already the element, which lpermits of the moving back and forward of the pressure liquid in accordance with the dead centre displacement required for the work,v without substantial pressure alteration. As such a form of construction is clear without further explanation, it is not shown in the drawings. i r l The form of construction illustrated in Fig. 6 differs Vfrom that shown in Fig. 4 in that instead of the simple manometer a Contact manometer57xof known type is provided, the electric wires 70 of which lead to a motor not shown, which drives a pump for the production of a pressure liquid but Aalso not shown. Motor and pump may be ar'- ranged on'the puppet head instead of the hand Y pump 11 shown in Fig. 2.

a nut, and on which a hand vwheel 19 for the mechanical feedV is mounted. A collar 18' enables one to x in the pin casing the sleeve 18 by means of the annular disc 15. A displacer 20 is arranged in the hollow spindle 17 for producing the liquid pressure in the pressure chamber 7, said displacer being operated by the screw spindle 21 by means of a hand wheel 25.

In the form of construction shown in Fig. 3 the device permitting of the yielding and displacing `of the pressure liquid in accorda rice with the dead centre displacement caused by alteration of length of the work is obtained in that a spring 22 is interposed between the displacer 20 and the screw spindle 21. A manometer 23 is connected with the pressure chamber 7.

In the puppet head shown in Fig. 5 an air buffer 53 is connected with the pressure chamber 7 and. serves as pressure regulating element. The manometer 54 is arranged on the air buffer and can be shut off from the pressure by 'means' of a cock 55. The displacer 20 and the screw spindle 21 are made in one piece.

In the forms of construction shown in Figs. 3 and 5, the pin casing 3 has 'an opening 24 in consideration of the shifting movement of the pin part 2" at the mechanical feed. The packings on the pin part 1' and on the mechanically moved pin part 2 are designated by 56. The wedge 10 extends through the pin part 2 and through the pin part 1' and it has in the pin part 2" a' clearance 14. This clearance does not amount to more than half the depth at which the deadv centre engages with the centering bore of the-work.

In the form 'of construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8 a contact manometer 58 of known type is substituted for the manometer 54 of Fig. 5 and connected by leads 59, 59', 59" with a motor 60 adapted to be switched in in both directions of rotation. The` sleeve 18, constructed as nut for the screw spindle 17, isdriven through av worm gear 61, operated by a'hand wheel 19. A spur Wheel 63 ,is positively connected `by a key 64 with the spindle 21 of the displacer 20, said spindle being. capable of shifting in axial direction during the rotation, owing to its long groove65. A pinion 66 on the shaft of the motor meshes with the spur wheel 63.. The motor "revolves in the one or other directions, according to Whether the contact manometer closes the electric circuit through the wires 59 and 59' or through the wires 59 and 59T', so that the displacer 20 is pulled out or pushed in according to requirement. Ihe hand wheel 25 on' the displacerspindle 21 serves for the xing and for the operating by hand. An optical or acoustic signal may be connected with the electric circuits, said signal being lighted or sounded, as soon as the adjusted pressure ofthe pressure liquid alters.`

The operation of the puppet head constructed according to the invention is as follows:

"The dead centre is inserted by rotation of the hand v fbe'elf (Figs-1 and 4) or of the hand wheel r19 (Figs. 3 and 5) or of the handl wheel 19' (Figs. 7 and 8) into the centering bore 30 of the work 31, the mechanicallyperated pin part 2 and the' hydraulically operated pin part 1 being pushed forward. During the -mechanical feeding the three way cock 33 connects, in the forms of construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 6, the pressure chamber 7 with the collecting cup of the pump 11, as shown in Fig. 2, in order that at the forward moving of the pin part 1 liquid may be sucked into the pressure chamber 7 and forced out of the same at the mechanical pulling back. After the completion of the mechanical pushing forward the cock 33 is turned in the direction of the arrow 66, so that the pressure chamber 7 is cut oiand the bore 67 of the cock registers with the conduit 12. ter the dead Centre has been introduced into the width of the clearance.

'chamber '7, whereas in centering bore of the work, the hydraulically shiftable pin part l is put under hydraulic' pressure, whereby the dead centre is pressed into the centering bore.

In the construction 6 pressure liquid is conducted into the pressure Figs. 3, 5, '7 and 8 the pressure is produced by the plunger penetrating into the pressure chamber filled with liquid. At the mechanical introduc-y ing of the dead centre into the bore a surface 68 of the wedge 10 and a surface 69 of the hydraulically operated pin part l are` pressed the one against the other. At the pressing-inl these sur faces separate. In order to completely utilize the clearance, the mechanical pin part is pulled back, after the pressing-in, a distance equal to the The manometery permits of controlling whether a sufficient pressing-in pressure has been attained. If, when the work has been treated, alterations Vof length of the work occur, which require a pressure increase in the pressure chamber '7. yielding or displacing v of 'the pressure liquids takes place, according to whether the work expands or contracts, this yielding or advancing being effected by the pressure regulating elements, so that the pressing-in pressure is never altered in a manner worth mentioning.

In the yforms of construction shown in Figs. "l, 2, 4 and 6 the pressure equalization is efectedby the pressure regulating element 13, through which liquid can flow only in the direction of the arrow 34, and the valve 360i which, permitting the return flow from the pressure chamber, can be adjusted to a certain pressure as already stated above. If the expansion work is completedand the `work contracts, the valve 36 remains closed, flows through theV valve 35 Hinto the pressure chamber '7.

In the form of construction shown in Fig. 3

a pushing back of the displacer, in oppositionv tothe spring 22, takes place at pressure increase, i. e. expansion in the work. Inversely the displacer is again pushed forward by the spring at the subsequent contraction of the work, so that the necessary pressing-in pressure is always at disposal.

If for any reason whatsoever the pressure' of the liquid should suddenly fail or drop, the centre can never disengagel completely from the center-'Y ing bore, and the work cannot drop out, as the clearance 14 between the hydraulically operative pin part and the mechanically operative pin part does not amount tomore than half of the engaging depth also neveramount to more than this half The air buffer connected to the pressure 'chamber, according torFigs. 1, 6 and 7 neutralizes short pressure increases, for instance vibrations atv rough turning up to the pressure limit determined by the overloading valve of by the contact buffer may evidently be further connected toa `compressed air conduit or an accumulator of compressed air, in the conduit of which, 'co'r" responding with the pressure regulating element 13 in the liquid conduit in the form of construcshown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 andy the'construction shown in in length of the whereas pressure liquid said casing,

rier parts of the dead centre, so that an accidental backward movement of theldead centre can v onthesame side of said rear part of said carrier tion shown'in Fig. 2, a pressure regulating element is built, which equalizes fluctuations of pressure. v y l 'Ihe form of construction shownin Fig. 5 and in Fig. 3 is specially suitable for turning' lathes of medium size.

The contact manometer connected with thev air buffer in theform of construction shown in Fig. 6" switches in at pressure drop a motor not shown, which drives a pump, supplying a pressure liquid for the pressure chamber.

In the form o'f construction shown in Fig. l the contact manometer switches in a motor for both directions' of rotation, which either pulls out cr pushes in the displacenZO-according to requirement.A The contact manometer might be directly connected with the pressure chamber.

For releasing the work, the pressure,l is removed from the pressurechamber andgthen the dead centre pulledback mechanically. .v

The releasing ofthe work ca Y' effected in the form of construe `n shown in Figs. 3, 5, 'Z and 8 also by mechanical pulling back without a pressure drop.

The invention is not limited to the forms of construction shown.

1. A puppet head, comprising in combination a casinghaving a central longitudinal bore, a two part dead centre carrierin said casing composed ofr a -front .part and a rear part longitudinally shiftable in said casing, an extended axle extending towards thc interior of said casing. and having a screw thread, a dead centre pin carried `in the front end of said carrier part the rear part of said carrier having a screwthread engaging the screw thread of saidextended axle a wheel on the end of said casing adapted to rotate said extended axle'and shift said rear carrier part in a pressure liquid chamber at the rear end of said front carrier part adapted tos act on the rear endo'said front carrier part, a coupling element connecting said front and rear carywith play extending plunger like into said chamber adapted to transmit the movement 'of said rear carrier part imparted by said extended axle to said front carrier part and to press affdisplacement of said front carrier with said dead centre pin according length of the work.

2. A puppet head as rspecified in claim 1, in

to the alterations in l' which an air cushion is connectedto the liquid lled pressure 'chamberacting on the front carrier part accommodating the dead centre pin front carrier part on which said liquid acts, said air cushion acting on said liquid and having the same pressure as that of the liquid.

`3. A puppet head, comprising in combination, a casing having a central longitudinal bore, a two part dead centre carrier in said casing composed of a front part and a rear part longitudinally'shiftable in said casing, an extended axle extending vtowards the in-terior of said casing and having a screw thread. a dead centre pin carried in `the front end of having a screw thread engaging the screw threadfof said extended axle a wheel on the end of said casing adapted toropart in said casing, a stuffing box in said casing :said carrier part the A depth of engagementof thedead centre said casing into two parts, a piston rod extensio'i'i on therear end of said front carrieripart exwith play vto the front end of'lsaid reaLca'rrierI part, a chamber lled with liquid betweenthe rear side of said front carrier part and the front vof said stuiiingbox adapted to act onsaid'front carrier part` in the ieed direction, .and a device connected to said chamber adapted to allow. the yielding and returning of the liquid in said charn-` ber and a displacement of said front carrier part with said dead center pin according to the alterations in length of the workpiece during the working.

4. A puppet head as specied in claim 1, in which the hydraulic shiftability of the front carrier part relative to the rear carrier part is equal to at least the maximum expansion of the workpiece and does not exceed one half of the pin in the centring bore in the workpiece.

`5. A puppet head as specified in claim 1, in which the play between thel two carrier parts rendered possible byv the coupling element does not exceed one half of the depths of engagement of the dead centre pin in the centering borein the workpiece.v

6. A puppet head as specified in claim 1, comprising in combination Vwith the deadicentre pin, the front carrier part and the rearcarrierpart, a transverse pin extending throughl both of said carrier parts connecting said carrierparts with a certain amount of 'play not exceeding one half v of the depth of engagement of said `dead centre pin in the centering bore in the workpiece;

7. A puppet head, comprising in combination a casing, a dead centre, a two part dead centre carrier shiftable in saidcasing composedI of a .front part carrying said dead centre anda shiftable rear .part having a screw thread,l an extended axle `extending into said casing and having a screw thread engaging the screw thread of said rear part, va wheel on-said axle at the Y, rear end of` said casing adapted to rotate said axle to shift said rear partv in said casing,l a coupling element'connecting said carrier parts with play adapted to transmit the movement of said rear carrier part to said front carrierpart, said iront carrier part being-constructed as cylinder i and containing pressure liquid and said rear part constructed as plunger adapted to press said front part against the work piece, and a device connected to said cylinder adapted to allow the Y liquid to automatically escape from and return into said cylinder according tol the variations in length of the eration.

l. `8. A'puppet head, comprising `in combination a casing, a dead centre, a, two part dead centre carrier shiftable in said casingcomposed of a front part carrying said dead centre and a shiftable rear part having a screw thread, an extended axle extending into said casing 4and havingl a screw thread'engaging the screw thread of said rear part, a wheel on said axle-at the rear ,end of :said casing adapted to rotate'said axle to shift said rear part in said casing, a coupling element connecting said carrier parts with play adapted to transmit the `movement of said rear carrier part to said front carrier part, said front carrier part being constructed as cylinder andrcontaining pressure liquid and said rear part constructed as `plunger adapted. to press said,front part work piece during the working op-v between said carrier parts dividing the bore in" against the work piece, and a device connected to said cylinder adapted to allow the liquid to automatically escape from and return into said cylinder according to the variationsl in length of thev work piece during the Working operation said front part having a longitudinal bore with screw thread at its rear end and communicating with said cylinder, a"displ`acer in said bore, a screw spindle engaging in the screw thread of said bore carrying said displacer on its front end extending through said wheel on the rear end of said casing, and a second wheel on Ithe rear end of said casing, a dead centre, a two part dead centre carrier ,shiftable in said casing composed of a front part carrying said dead centre and a shiftable rear part having a screw thread, an extended axle extending into said casing and having a screw threadengaging the screw thread of said rear part a wheel on said axle at the rear end of said casing adapted to rotate' said axle to shift said rear part in said casing, a coupling element connecting said carrier parts with play adapted to transmit the movement of said rear carrier part .to said front carrierpart, said front carrier part being constructed as cylinder and containing pressure liquid and said rear part constructed as plunger adapted to pressv said front part against the work piece, a liquid chamber in said casing adapted to act on the rear endl of said front carrier, a device connected to said chamber adapted to allow an automatic yielding and displacing of the liquid in said chamber and a moving back of said front carrier part accordin'g'to the variations in length of the workpiece, a pressure gauge connected to said pressure chamber adapted to indicate the pressure in said chamber, electric contacts `in said pressure gauge, a. circuit con'-, nected to said contacts adapted to be closed by` .a casing, a dead centre, a two part dead centre carrier shiftable in said casing composed of a front part carrying` said dead centre and a shiftable rear part having a screw thread, an extended axle extending, into said casing and having a screw thread engaging the screw thread of said rear part, a wheel on said axle at the rear end' of said casing adapted 'to rotate said axle to shift saidrear part in said casing, a coupling element 'y connecting` ysaid carrier parts with play adapted totransmit the movement of saidy rear carrier part to said front carrier part, said front carrier part being constructed as cylinder and containing pressureliquid and said rear part constructed as plunger adapted to press said front partl against the work piece, and a Adevice connected to said cylinder adapted to allow the liquidto automatically escape from and Vreturn into said cylinder according to the variations in length of the work piece during the working operation said front partl having a longitudinal bore with screw thread at its rear end'and communicating with said cylinder, a displacer in said bore, a screw spindle engaging in therscrewv thread of said bore carrying said displacer on its front4 end extending .spindle-adapted to displace said displacer in said v v pressure space increases to close one of said circuits and cause said motor to rotate in one direction to withdraw said displacer from said space when the pressure in said space drops to close the other of said circuits to cause said motor to rotate in the other direction to push said displacer further into said space.

KARL FRIEDRICH BRILL.