US1920874A

US1920874A - Spraying nozzle

Info

Publication number: US1920874A
Application number: US536812A
Authority: US
Inventors: Nathaniel W Meloon
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1931-05-12
Filing date: 1931-05-12
Publication date: 1933-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 1950-08-01

Description

N. W. MELOON SPRAYING NOZZLE Aug. l, 1933.

Filed May 12, 1931 lill n el

Patented Aug. 1, 1933 iszosn v 1,920,874 i i SPRAYING NozzLU y Nathaaielfw. Menon, Buffalo. N. Y.

Application May 12, 1931. serial No. 536,812 1 6 Claims. (Clase-114) rihis invention relates to improvements in spraying nozzles adapted for use as sprinklers, fountains, or for spraying liquid insecticide; in fact, for any purpose where a whirling or rotatm ing discharge of liquid is desired in spray form, issuing from the nozzle under pressure. One of the objects ofY my invention is the provision of a simple and inexpensive spraying nozzleQs'o designed that greater projection is assured under'a given pressure than now attained by nozzles designed for similar purposes.

Another object of my invention is the prom vision of a'spraying nozzle,`by the use of which a greater projection ofthe spray is assured and a wider area covered thereby under lower pressure vthan ordinarily required; this being particularly desirable in places where the pressures of water is below the average, as it will be possible, under such conditions, to effectively spray 0 lawns, or trees and shrubs, even though pressure below that usually considered effective, may be employed.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a spraying device having comparatively few parts, and wherein a spraying head is provided with a tapped hole `for connection thereto' of a pipe or hose, and further, wherein the parts are assembled by insertion one within the other through said tappedv hole.

Another object of my invention isrthe provision of a spraying. nozzle whereina swirler element is removably conned within a sprayer head, yet serves to effect a rotary or swirling `motion of the liquid enteringv the same under pressure. I Y

A further object of my invention is to provide a spraying device with a non-rotatable swirler chamber surrounded by space and having peripheral ports through which the liquid enters the chamber under pressure tangentially to the inner surface of the wall of tlie'charnber;y

A further object is the provision of a spraying Y nozzle having a head in which a cylindrical chamber is xedly secured and arranged' to provide a w space around at least a portion of the same. and whereinl said chamber is provided'with a peripheral port having course-directing walls tending to cause the liquid passing through said port to enter the chamber tangentially to the inner surface of the cylindrical wall of said chamber and thereby impart rotation or swirling motion' to the liquid within said chamber at a velocity equaling that of the liquid entering through said port.

A further object of my invention isthe provision of 'a spraying nozzle in which a swirler A to enter surface of the chamber and upwardly orout-g5 a nozzle similartoithat' shown in Fig.

chamber is provided having a ported wall ar- (i ranged to oier minimum resistance to the passage -of liquid passing therethrough and the area within said chamber equaling, or substantially equaling, that of the port or ports of'said wall so I60 as to cause the liquid'to-takeav circular and com- "f ponent outward' course in its passage 'through said chamber; in other words, a spiral course at a speed equalingthat of the liquid entering-'said chamber; thus assuring greater projection of the r5 5 spray from the nozzle Yand/Kor greater-.spread to assure coverage of a wider area. v

A further object of my inventionA is the provision of a 'spraying nozzle constructed to assure greater projection and spread of the liquid over all() also rotation or swirling actionof greater. area; the liquid passing through the spraying nozzle at a greater velocity than spraying nozzles now in use operating under like pressure.

chamberfprovided with a `peripheral wall surrounded by space through which water ispassed, said peripheral wall having a port, and preferably said ports from saidy surrounding space-is caused said chamber tangentially to therin'ner wardly toward the exit ofthe nozzle.

With the above and other objects' to appear hereinafterl-my invention consists in the novel ieaturesof construction and inthe arrangement and combination-oi' parts to be "hereinafter vde-,JQQ scribed and more particularly pointed 'outin the" subjoined claims. f

In the drawing:l Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a spraying nozzle constructed in accordance with my invention and, 95 supported by means of a supporting spike entered into the ground, the nozzle rhaving a laterallyprojecting inlet-nipple and ahose connected to said nipple. y A

Fig. 2 isa central longitudinal section ,Y through 100v a nozzle provided with an inletfopeninjg at;V its lower end. i 'f i liig.v 3 is a plan view ofthe nozzle shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a'centra i 2, withthe exception that its com'zentrating vstud is shown vlonger'and of smaller diameterthan the concentrating stud illustrated invli'ig. 2. i y

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the swirler elementi 110 A still further obj ect of my i' vention is the pro- Y75 vlsion of a spraying nozzle having acylindrical longitudinalv section through 105 Fig. 6 isa cross section taken on line 'fi- 6,

Fig. 5.

Figs. 7 and 8 are vertical sections through the swirler element, shown in modied form.

Fig. 9 is a central Vertical section of ra spraying head or nozzle slightly modified in exterior contour to adapt it for use'as an inset nozzle for lawns.

Fig. 10 is a central vertical section of an inset sprayer head or nozzle of further modified construction.

Fig. 11 is a cross section taken on line 1111,y

Fig. 10. Y y

Thedrawing illustrates my invention in dinerent forms of use, Fig. l showing. a supported nozzle adapted to be positioned above the surface of a lawn and to have attached thereto a commonv garden hose. e

Figs. 2 to 4, inclusive, show the nozzle adapted for hand spraying, particularly for spraying trees,

.shrubbery, and plants of various kinds, thenozzle being designed for attachment to a pipe or a hose.

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate my invention informs adapted for use in connection with underground rwater pipes, to rwhich they are to'be attached and positioned ush, or substantiallyiiush, with the surface of a lawn., y Y

Y My improved nozzle lcomprises a ynozzle head having a casing-13 provided with .a liquid inlet opening 14and a spray outlet or exit opening 15.

In Fig. 1 the casingis` provided with a lateral f inlet nipple 16 internally tapped tofform the inlet f opening and toreceive the threaded end of a garden hose 17. VThe casing also hasta spike 18 projecting from its lower end, which is adapted to be thrust into the `ground to support thenozzle u at the desired elevation above the lawn.

In Figs. 2 and 4, the liquid inlet opening 14 is at thelower end of the casingA co-axial with the outlet or exit opening A15, said inlet opening being tapped,ras shown, for connection thereto of the threadedend of a'pipe or hose, in a manner similar to that shown-in Fig-x1.

Above the threaded inlet opening 14, the nozzle -is interiorly enlarged, as at 19, to form a pressure fchamber, and it is provided with a reduced portion 20 adjacent said enlargedfportion or pressure chamber to form a seat for the swirler element 2l.Y

'I'he reduced portion 20 isof'a diameter somewhat less than the minimum diameter of the screw-threaded inlet opening 14, and fromthe reduced portion to the exit opening the interior of the casing 13 is gradually reduced, forming a discharge vchamber 22,"a shoulder 23 being provided between the gradually reduced wall of the casing and the cylindrical wall of theseat 2.0;

While the circular or peripheral wallof the f exit chambery 22 isshown internally concaved, this wall maybe straight linedffrom the shoulder 23 to the exit opening 15, as shown, for example, in

Eig.l9, but ineither case the wall may be termed adomewall and be said to taperfrom the shoulder 23 of the to said exit opening. The cylindrical wall smooth by machining, or otherwise formingthe same.` The remaining- -interior surfaces of the I casing may beleft in the form in which they are A cast. It is particularly to be noted that the diameter of the seat 20, inaddition-to being smaller than the diameter of the exit opening 15,

seat 20 and the shoulder 23, which may be Y considered as part yof said seat, are machined smooth vand even. AThe screw threads are preferably machined andthe exit opening 15 rendered Y element; from that The swirler element 21 is formed of sheet brass or other suitable material stamped or otherwise fashioned into substantially cup-like formation to form a bottom 24, and a peripheral wall 25, the upper or outer end thereof being open its full extent. Axially disposed within this swirler element or cup-like member is a concentrating stud 26, it being shown in different lengths, different diameters, and different formsr inseveral iigures of the drawings. In each instance this stud is shown provided at its lower or inner end with an axial nub which is passed through an opening in the bottom of the cup-like member and headed against the under side of said bottom. Other means may, however, be employed for fastening said concentrator stud in position. In Fig. 2 Ihave shown the concentrating stud terminating at its upper end within the cup-like member. In Fig. 4 it is shown of a length to project above the upper edge of the cylindrical wall of the cup-like member and it is of somewhat smaller diameter than the concentrating stud shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 7 the stud is gradually enlarged in diameter-from its lower or inner end to its upper '1 end. In Fig. 8 it is gradually enlarged from its lower or inner end to a plane a short distance from its upperV end and from said plane is made cylindrical to its upper end. The purposes of these variations in form will be hereinafter referred to. u I l The peripheral wall of the swirler element 21 is provided with inlet ports 27 formedv by slitting the wall longitudinally and bulging the metal forming the wall inwardly at one side, of the slit from the bottom 24 upwardly so as to form external grooves 28 in the inwardly-bulged metal portions which extend from the true periphery of the swirler element inwardly tangentially to the inner surface of said peripheral wall, the grooves being gradually widened and deepened inwardly and being directed or inclined upwardly.

The inlet ports thus formed admit liquid under pressure into-the swirler element, thev interior of vwhich may be referred toas a swirler or rota` vwall-portion of the port or ports in advance.k In

other words, the water may be said to take a helical course vthrough the swirler element.

The concentrating stud 26 disposed` axially within the swirler element provides an annular space or passage 28 around said stud surrounded by the peripheral wall of the cup-like swirler element, and this space or passage approximates the combinedy area of the ports in said swirler element; thus in no vmanner varying the pressure of the liquid, as it Ypasses through the swirler under which it enters said element.

In ksome instances where the pressure is exceedingly high and the extent of projection of the liquid from the nozzle and the area which it is intended to cover does not demand such high pressure, the concentrating stud 25 may be increased in diameter so as to diminish the an# -strictedv discharge chamber 22, and in coming in 'contact with.the-taperingdome wall thereof is directed crois rise out of theA exit opening; that is to" say, the'liquid coming'in contact with the dome wall'of the chamber 22 would'be directed toward the axis' of the sprayer head from all points inthe circumference thereof and 'cause a commingling "of- `cross* currents, finally escaping through theexit'openingV l5 in spray form, as is common in spraying nozzles.

The' circularl course of the vliquid through the` swirler element.` with its 'compoent upward .or outward movement eliminates friction'to a considerable de'greeg-andv this results in the liquid lbeing maintained in its course through the swirler element and. the'fouter end of the vnozzle casing under Substantially the same pressure at which it enters the swirler element, resulting in a greater area being covered with the liquid under a given pressure than would otherwise be possible. The extent of projection of the liquid is thereby lgreatily increased; .this being due to the fact that the inwardly-bulged portions of the-peripheral wall "z 'of the swirler element, which may be referred to asport or liquid-directing walls are so formed vthat the water enters the swirler space or pas-v `sage tangentially and moves upwardly Yor outv-wardly while traveling through arcircularl course so that it travels over the port or liquid-directing Wall directly in advance.

y, The preferred arrangement underwhich I employ my invention is one in which the annular swirler space or passageis of uniform width from the point of admission at th inlet ports tol the Y upper edge or end of' the peripheral wall of said swirler element. v

It is to be noted that the cup-likeswirler element is non-rotatably arrangedv within the sprayer head or casing'l; it being rmly pressed or otherwise fastened inthe seat 20 provided insaid head er casing; also that the peripheral "surrace of` the axially-disposed concentrating Y 'stud Z5 and the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the swirler element, lunder which term `Iinclude the inwardly-pulsed port walls, may

' bejreferred toas directional means.

wherein the or-outwardly -said Wherevitfisdesire'd to reducethe volume of 'water-inside of the swirler element, I employ a stud which gradually enlarged upwardly or outwardly, as clearly shown at 297 Iig. '7, or a studsuch as'shownin Fig. 8, may be employed, d is gradually Aenlarged upwardly om itsinner endv to `a point near its outerv end its formation lengthwisefrorn itchanged toits outer end, preferably by formi "gfthe'samecylindrical., A stud of this sind has., ided advantages where the combined of the inlet ports isl'lessthan the maximum dimension .of-the swirler space or passage between thestud-and the peripheral wall of said swirler element; the greatest restriction voccurringin line with the upper edgek of the cup-like lfswirler element, whichwould advantageously be arrangedsoftha't it ,would approximate the combined Yarea of theinlet ports.y Under such conditions, studs gardually enlarged outwardly would increase the circular or spiral travel speed of the liquid to that approximating the velocity of the liquid at thefentering ports.

In its broader aspect, my improved swirler element may be employed without the use of the is fitted; the water pipe being one extremity of an underground water pipe system, the head being fastened thereto with its upper or outer end slightly above the level of the ground. Thc'head thus employed is what may be termed an inset 'head ofthe kind embedded in the ground and spaced apart over a `lawn area. In instance Ithe head is provided with a fiange 32 at its upper end'having a downwardly-directed marginal rib 33 adapted/to enter the soil, and openings 34 at diametrically opposite points for engagement therewith of a suitable tool for screw-tlneadingly fastening the head to the pipe 3l.'

` The discharge chamber 22 of the nozzle is gradually restricted by having the inner surface of its dome wall straight-lined instead of concaved, as described in the preceding figures.

.In the construction illustrated in Figs. l0 and il, the sprayer head or casing 13 comprises two

members

35, 36, one pressed into the other. I term member 35 the outer member, and it has an axial opening extending from end to end thereof; the inner member 35 being in the main of cylindrical formation and having its outer end portion pressed into the outer member 35 so as to be immovably joined thereto. Said members may, however, be otherwise vconnected together. The innerfmember has its. peripheral wall curved inwardly at its outer end Vtoform a stop ange 37 and'its inner end is externally screw-threaded, as at 3S, and entered into-one end of a tting 39 applied to the underground pipe,- such as 3l.

lVertically slidaole in said inner member is a swirler or cage support 40, which is in the form of a bar of smaller diameter than the interior of said inner member and has at its inner end an enlargement 4l; said enlargementbeing provided with diametrically opposite longt-iudinal grooves 42 into which are entered longitudinal internal ribs `43 pressed inwardly from the wall of said inner nal'movement since the rib and groove connection between the head or casing and the sprayer support' or plunger prevent rotation of the latter. Over the open end of said swirler element 2i, a deiiector hood fill isarrangedvit being internally shouldered to bear against the upper edge of the peripheral 'wall of said swirler element and portions thereof being extended over the peripheral wall and tightly pressed thereon. This spreader hoodV has tapered upper wall portions provided with an exit opening 45 at its upper end; said manner as the dome wall ofthe constructions hereinbefore described. i

The swirler element` is secured to the support or plunger 40 by means of a stud 46 having a reduced lower end 47 which is passed through the bottom wallY of said swirler element and threaded into said ,support or plunger, a shoulder formed by the reduced lower end of said stud bearing against the inner surface of said bottom wall.

At the upper end of the stud 46 a spreader head 48 lis provided, it being preferably formed integral with said stud, and its outwardly-flaring sides being adapted to ynormally rest against the upper edge of the outer member 35 of the sprayer casing, thus preventing any dirt entering said casing. When the parts are in normal position, the

support or plunger 40 with its spreader head 48, the cage or swirler 21, and the deector hood `44 are lowered; the limit of its downwarddmovement being controlled-by said spreader head. When kthe water or other liquid under pressure is forced upwardly againstthe support or plunger 40, the parts mentioned rise into the position shown in Fig. 11, the dome Vwall of the deiiector hood or discharge chamber being in contact with and stopped by the stop flange 37 of the inner member 36 of the sprayer head or casing. The water or other liquid enters the inlet 14 and passes through the grooves 42 in the enlargement of said support or plunger into the lspace surrounding the upper portion of said support or plunger and the swirler element. It then enters said swirler element through the ports thereof and is directed upwardly against the substantially tapering or dome wall of the deiiector hood, escaping therefrom and striking the fiaring surface of the spreader head 48. Under this arrangement the water or other liquid escapes through the outlet 15 formed by the annular space between thek upper edge of the wall ofthe sprayer head or casing and the flaring wall of said spreader headv in spray form.

It will be apparent from the foregoing, and the descriptions of the several modifications, all falling within the scope of my invention, as particularly set out in the appended claims, that various changes in construction and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof. I

vHaving thus described my invention, what I claim is: y

1. A spraying nozzle, comprising a casing having a tapped inletopening at one end adapted for connection of a liquid supplying element thereto, an exit opening at its other end, and a pressure chamber between its ends, a swirler element open at one end and closed at its other end and comprising a cylindrical wall and a bottom wall, said swirler element having its closed end projecting into said pressure chamber and the cylindrical wall thereof being slit and having the metal thereof at one side of said slit bulged inwardly to provide a liquid-directing wall entering the interior of the rswirler element and forming an inlet opening wholly within said cylindrical wall.

2. A spraying nozzle, comprising a casing having inlet and exit openings, and a non-rotatable swirler element within saidy casing of Vcup-like formation having its Lopen end opening toward .said exit opening and its closed end surrounded by space within .said casing in communication with said inlet opening, the peripheral wall ofA said swirler element being slit at intervals around the same and having the metal at corresponding .sides of the slits bulged inwardly to form ports -wholly within said swirler element andl tangenby spacewithin said casing in communication with said inlet opening, the peripheral wall of said swirler element being slit at intervals around the same and having the metal at corresponding sides of the slits bulged inwardly to form tangentially-disposed upwardly-inclined grooves and liquid ports wholly within said swirler element to .which said grooves lead, said grooves directing kthe liquid entering said ports against the inner surface' of said peripheral wall and upwardly to cause the liquid to travel in a spiral course from said ,portstowards said exit opening.

4. A spraying nozzle, comprising a casing having a comparatively large inlet opening and a small exit opening and having a pressure chamber between said openings and a discharge chamber adjacent said exit opening, the wall of said casing having a cylindrical finished portion vbetween said pressure chamber and discharge chamber provided with a downwardly facing shoulder at the upper end of said cylindrical finished portion, a cylindrical cup-like swirler element of smaller diameter than said inlet opening inserted into said casing through said inlet opening vand having its upper open portion pressed against said cylindrical nished portion and the shoulder thereof and having its closed lower end projecting into said pressure chamber, the projectingcylindrical Wall of said swirler element being provided with ports connecting the interior of said swirler element with said pressure chamber, and a concentrating stud axially secured to the bottom wall of said swirler element to provide a circular space between the same and said cylindrical wall.

5. A spraying nozzle, comprising a casing having an inlet opening at one end adapted for connec'tion thereto of a liquid-supplying element, an exit opening at its other end and a swirler within the casing open atits outer end and closed at its inner end and including in its construction a peripheral wall, said swirler having at least a portion thereof spaced from the wall of the casing and having its peripheral Wall slit and the metal'thereof at one side of said slit bulged inwardly to provide tangentiallydisposed liquid-directing grooves, and ports'Y at' the inner end of said grooves wholly within the confines of said peripheral wall. f'

6. AA spraying nozzle, comprising a casing having an inlet at its inner end, an opening at its outer end and longitudinal internal ribs between Y its ends, a swirler support slidable `in said caslsvvirler support and having its peripheral vWall spaced from the wall of said easing, said swrler element having an exit opening at its outer end and said casing having a defleevtor hood near its outer end against which said swirler is adapted to be forced under pressure of the liquid passed therethrough, said swirlerv having inlet openings in kits peripheral wall, and a stud arranged eentrally within said swirler and havinga spreader I head at its outer end adapted te open or closev said first-mentioned opening. v,

Y NATHANIEL W.A MELOON.

. lili)